中考题型串讲第1讲　听说部分

第二部分 中考题型串讲第1 1讲听说部分听力理解 听力是英语语言能力的重要组成部分，因此听力测试也是英语考纲规定的必测能力之一，旨在考查考生理解口头语言材料和获取口头信息的能力。考纲对考生听力的要求如下：1能够根据语调和重音理解说话人的意图和态度。2能够借助语境克服生词障碍，理解语篇大意。3能够听懂熟悉话题的谈话，捕捉语篇中的有效信息(如时间、地点、事物、数据等)。4能够在听的过程中用适当的方式作出正确的反应。5能够针对所听的语段内容记录简单信息。部分题型题量分值A听句子，选择正确的图画55B听对话，回答问题1010C听短文，完成句子55D听填信息55初中毕业生学业考试听力理解包括四部分：A.听句子一、题型分析 此部分是最直观、最容易理解的部分，所涉及的内容主要有天气、运动项目、时间、职业、动作、价格、物品、交通工具、动物等。这类题目要求考生学会捕捉录音中的“关键词”，然后将其转化为图片中的内容，进而 “识图、辨图”，着重考查考生在微型语境中的图文转换能力及快速反应和应对能力。二、应对技巧1仔细观察每题所提供的图画内容，如果图画里面有文字，也要把文字内容的意思弄清楚。还可以根据图画内容预测录音内容。2注意对录音中的主要信息进行把握，并纠正自己对图画内容的理解错误之处，特别注意要将录音听完整，必要的时候在图片旁边做简明的记录，特别是钟点、价格、节日等，有时还要判断是否需要计算，快速反应。3经过分析比较，逐个排除不符合录音材料的图画，选出正确答案。例(2012 年广东)1.What did Tom do last Saturday?ABC录音材料It was fun last Saturday, and Tom had a good time on thebeach.解析逐个观察选项图片可知，A 为钓鱼，B 为躺在沙滩上，C 为徒步爬山。听录音时，当听到关键信息“on the beach”即可确定答案为 B。B听对话一、题型分析1考查具体事实和信息，如时间、地点、人物、价钱、数量、距离、原因、目的、结果等，有时还要对所听到的信息做加工处理，比如数字运算、比较筛选、同义转换、因果关系等。常见的提问方式有：(1)Where can the students get the book?(2)When will Tina have her violin lesson?(3)Whats wrong with Jim?(4)What will the weather be like tomorrow?(5)Why was Jim late this morning?(6)Who will be in the sports meeting?(7)How much are these things?(8)How long has the man lived here?(9)How far is it from here to the bookshop?(10)How many people are there in the club?2推测谈话背景，判断人物身份和态度。 要求考生理解对话地点、背景和对话者的身份及相互关系等。常见的提问方式有：(1)Whats the relationship (关系) between the two speakers?(2)What did the woman mean?(3)Where did the conversation most probably take place?(4)What are they talking about?二、应对技巧1听录音前先快速浏览所给的选项，通过分析比较，从而预测和把握对话的中心内容。2在听懂大意的同时，有的放矢地捕捉关键信息，必要时适当做些记录来作为判断的依据。3对于较长的对话回答 3 个问题时，就要将几个问题结合起来进行综合分析、预测，特别要结合 when, where, who, how,which, what 等问题，听关键词。4听完录音后要善于进行合理推测和判断，理解特定情景中对话的语义，通过合理取舍，选定正确答案。例 1(2012 年广东)6.What time will the woman pick upPeter?A7：30.B7：50.C8：30.听力材料W: Hello, may I speak to Peter?M: Sorry, he isnt in.Can I take a message?W: Sure, please tell him the exam begins at 8：30 tomorrowand I will pick him up at 7：50.解析通过分析题目可知本题是询问时间的。当捕捉到录音中的关键信息“I will pick him up at 7：50”时即可确定答案为 B。例 2 (2012 年广东)10.Who might these two speakers be?AOfficer and soldier.BTeacher and student.CBoss and secretary. 录音材料W: Good morning, Mr.Black.M: Good morning, Mary.Have you got ready for tomorrowsbusiness meeting?W: Yes.By the way, a Mr.Brown is waiting for you in youroffice.解析通过分析题目可知是关于对话者身份的，当捕捉到录音中的关键信息“a Mr.Brown is waiting for you in your office”时即可确定答案为 C。C听短文一、题型分析本题的短文主要以故事、人物介绍、天气预报、通知、独白、演讲稿和书信等为主。与对话不同，短文表达一个完整的思想内容，涉及的词汇量大、知识面广，考查考生对一个结构比较完整、意义相对连贯的语段的整体理解能力，是一种高层次的、有难度的听力测试形式。二、应对技巧1预测文章听录音前快速浏览所给句子和选项，推测文章的大意，还要结合 when, where, who, which, what, how 等问题，这样就可以为听短文找到一定的目的和方向，做到有的放矢。2捕捉信息听第一遍录音时，有目的地用眼睛扫描书面材料，借助书面的提示进一步理解录音内容，一边听一边初选答案，对于没有听清楚的，适当地做上记号；听第二遍录音时通过听看结合，着重听清疑点、难点，抓住短文的主题并把握与试题有关的关键信息，并做简单的记录，记录的信息也常常是 who, where, when, whose, why, how 等，以便为复查提供依据。3适时答题根据题目特点适时答题，如果题目与上下文联系不大，可边听边做，在听的过程中消灭一些问题。要特别重视少量需要听完全文后通过理解来完成的题目，这就要求考生抓住文章的中心句(一般在文章的开头或结尾)，因首句往往阐明讲话的目的或主要内容，尾句则往往是全文的总结。例(2012 年广东)16Jiang Mei just returned from _.BAustraliaAEnglandCCanada17 Jiang Mei found people there say “_.” whenothers ask them “How are you？”AI am busyBI am goodCI dont know18 Jiang Mei was surprised to find the students there_.BsadAlazyChard-working19 From the story, we know Jiang Mei once learned to_.Awrite musicBplay the violinCplay the piano20The story mainly told us about Jiang Meis _ inanother country.BstudyAtravelCfriends录音材料Good morning, everyone！My name is Jiang Mei.I just cameback from England.Do you want to know something about mystaying there? When I went to study in a middle school in London,I found the everyday English there was very different from theEnglish I learnt in China.For example, when I first studied English,I was told to say “I am fine.” when people ask “How areyou？”.But in England, I found people say “I am good.” or “I amtired.” Im also surprised how hard-working the Englishstudents are.In England, a good student gets good grades does a lotfor the public and plays sports or music.The school life there is socolorful.But in China, score is almost everything, so we study hardall the time.I regret that I gave up playing the piano at my early ageand that I have never thought about sports.解析在听录音之前，通过快速浏览所给的 5 个题目及选项，根据所提供的信息，可以推测出短文的内容是关于从国外回来的 Jiang Mei 的学习和生活情况的。5 个问题分别涉及了Jiang Mei 从哪里回来、对于“How are you？”的不同回答、她所去的国家的学生的学习状况、Jiang Mei 过去的业余爱好及Jiang Mei 去那个国家的目的。然后带着这些问题开始听录音。听第一遍时只听不记，把注意力集中在有关问题的内容上，并把握全文大意。听第二遍时边听边看边记，重点是把材料中的有关内容与相关的题目对上号，如材料中的“I just came backfrom England.”与第 16 小题有关，“.when people ask How areyou ？But in England, I found people say I am good. orI am tired.”与第 17 小题 有关 ，“Im also surprised howhard-working the English students are.”与 第 18 小 题有 关， “Iregret that I gave up playing the piano at my early age” 与第 19 小题 有 关 ， “Do you want to know something about my stayingthere ？When I went to study in a middle school in London”与第20 小题有关。最后通过分析判断最终确定答案，即：16.A 17.B18.C 19.C 20B。D听填信息一、题型分析 这类题目主要考查考生对所听语言材料的理解能力和正确获取有用信息的能力。它的信息量大，涉及的语言文化背景较为广泛，选用的听力材料一般也比较地道、实用性强，如记录来电、来访登记、医院看病、车站问路，等等。这种试题的命题方式是：从听力短文中提取要点，给出简单的提示，要求考生听完短文后将主要的内容根据提示写出来，使要点内容完整，一目了然。着重考查什么人(Who)、什么时候(When)、什么地方(Where)、做什么事情(What)以及数字、程度、方式(How many/much/old, How)等。二、应对技巧1预测内容听录音前应先阅读试卷上的题干材料，特别是前面的提示内容和表格的第一行和第一列，预测对话或短文的话题，了解需要填写的信息，明确听时的重点。必要时要大胆猜测和想象。如有关 food 可以在空格上写上常考的 noodles, chicken,fish, rice 等。有关运动的，可以试填 basketball, swimming, football,volleyball 等。 2信息定位听第一遍录音时要注意信息定位，边听边顺着题干内容走，当听到空格处要快速记下所要填写的内容，最好使用简易符号速记，如果第一遍没能听出来，听第二遍时就要特别留神了。速记时使用自己熟悉的最简便迅速的方法，如：用字母代替地名，数字就用阿拉伯数字，比较长的单词先简写(但一定要记住正式做答时要拼写正确)，遇到写句子时就先写出关键词，以此来节省时间。3绝不留空如果答案是两个单词，考生只会其中的一个也一定要写上，因为即使不完全正确，但如果表达了所需要的信息，也一样得分。4认真复查听第二遍时要认真检查所填信息的正确性，注意信息的完整性。听力测试结束后要检查词语的拼写、大小写、适当形式等。例(2012 年广东)你将听到的是一篇关于 volunteer activity (志愿者活动)的短文，请你根据所听内容填写下面的信息卡。并请将答案写在答题卡相应题目的答题位置上。短文听两遍。Information About the Volunteer ActivityPlace: Starlight Old Peoples HomeTime: This (21)_The number of students on each team:(22)_Tasks for each team：*Team 1: Clean the floor and (23) _ the rubbish.*Team 2: Put up some beautiful (24)_ on the wallsand put some flowers in the rooms.*Team 3: Sing and dance to make the old people (25)_.*Team 4: Wash the clothes for the old people.录音材料Hello, boys and girls！Our school will organize a volunteeractivity at Starlight Old Peoples Home this Sunday morning.Thestudents in our class will be divided into 4 small teams.Each teamwill have 12 members.The first team will clean the room.They willclean the floor and take out the rubbish.The second team will dosomething to make the old peoples home look more beautiful.Theywill put up some beautiful pictures on the walls and put someflowers in the rooms.The third team will sing and dance to makethe old people happy.The last team will wash the clothes for the oldpeople.The name lists of each team will come out this afternoon.Thats all.Thank you!解析从题目和表格的内容可以看出，短文是介绍志愿者活动的，其中第 21 小题与活动时间有关，第 22 小题与人数有关，第 23 小题与第一组所做的事情有关，第 24 小题与第二组所做的事有关，第 25 小题与第三组的活动有关。因此在听第一遍录音时，要注意锁定与问题相关的关键信息。如：当听到“Ourschool will organize a volunteer activity at Starlight Old PeoplesHome this Sunday morning.”时，就要立即反应是第 21 小题的关键信息，并用简易符号记下“this Sunday morning”。同样地，第 22 小题的关键信息是“Each team will have 12 members.”，并记下“12”；第 23 小题的关键信息是“They will clean the floor andtake out the rubbish.”，并记下“take out”；第 24 小题的关键信息是“They will put up some beautiful pictures on the walls”，并记下“some beautiful pictures” ；第 25 小题的关键信息是“The thirdteam will sing and dance to make the old people happy.” ，并记下“happy”。当听第二遍时，要进一步确认所记的信息是否准确。听完后，将正确的答案填写在答题卡上。(一)2012 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试A听句子根据所听句子的内容和所提的问题，选择符合题意的图画回答问题，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每小题听一遍。B()1.What did Tom do last Saturday?)2.Why didnt Peter want to have supper?A()3.Where are the students going to have classes?B()4.Who is Jimmys mother?)5.Which sign is the speaker talking about?CAB听对话 回答每段对话后面的问题，在各题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每段对话听两遍。听第一段对话，回答第 6 小题。B()6.What time will the woman pick up Peter?A7：30.B7：50.C8：30.听第二段对话，回答第 7 小题。()7.Why does the man like country music?ABecause its popular.BBecause its exciting.CBecause its relaxing.听第三段对话，回答第 8 小题。C()8.How will the weather be tomorrow?AIt will be rainy.BIt will be fine.CIt will be snowy.听第四段对话，回答第 9 小题。)9.Where does the conversation probably take place?AIn the supermarket.BAt the bus stop.COn the bus.AB(听第五段对话，回答第 10 小题。)10.Who might these two speakers be?AOfficer and soldier.BTeacher and student.CBoss and secretary.听第六段对话，回答第 1112 小题。(A)11.When will the man go to London?AOn July 27th.BOn July 28th.COn July 29th.C()12.How often does the man play tennis?AOnce a week.BOnce a month.CTwice a week. 听第七段对话，回答第 1315 小题。()13.What does the girl need the computer for?ATo write a letter.BTo search for information.CTo finish her report.CB()14.Why cant she ask Mr.White for help?ABecause he is not in his office at the moment.BBecause he knows nothing about fixing computers.CBecause he is giving a lesson in the classroom now.)15.How did the boy send his report?AHe sent it by e-mail.BHe did it through QQ.CHe asked a classmate for help.AAC听短文请根据所听内容，在每小题给出的三个选项中，选出一个能完成句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。短文听两遍。AB()16.Jiang Mei just returned from _.AEnglandBAustraliaCCanada()17.Jiang Mei found people there say “_.” whenothers ask them “How are you？”AI am busyBI am goodCI dont knowCCB)18.Jiang Mei was surprised to find the students there(_.AlazyBsadChard-working)19.From the story, we know Jiang Mei once learned to(_.Awrite music Bplay the violinCplay the piano()20.The story mainly told us about Jiang Meis_ in another country.AtravelBstudyCfriendsD听填信息你将听到的是一篇关于 volunteer activity (志愿者活动)的短文，请你根据所听内容填写下面的信息卡。并请将答案写在答题卡相应题目的答题位置上。短文听两遍。Information About the Volunteer ActivityPlace: Starlight Old Peoples HomeTime: This (21)_The number of students on each team:(22)_Tasks for each team：*Team 1: Clean the floor and (23)_ the rubbish.*Team 2: Put up some beautiful (24)_ on the wallsand put some flowers in the rooms.*Team 3: Sing and dance to make the old people(25)_*Team 4: Wash the clothes for the old people.Sunday morningTwelve/12take outpictureshappy(二)2011 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试A听句子根据所听句子的内容和所提的问题，选择符合题意的图画回答问题，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每小题听一遍。()1.What does Tina often do in her free time?B()2.Where is the boy going this afternoon?)3.How did Peter go to work today?BA()4.Which animal is the most popular for children?)5.When did the meeting begin?ACB听对话回答每段对话后面的问题，在各题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每段对话听两遍。AC听第一段对话，回答第 6 小题。()6.What does the man do?A. A cleaner. BA teacher.CA student.听第二段对话，回答第 7 小题。()7.How much will the woman pay?A. 4.5 yuan. B5 yuan.C9 yuan.BC(听第三段对话，回答第 8 小题。)8.Why did Susan look so sad?A. Because she had an exam.B. Because she failed the exam.C. Because she didnt like math.听第四段对话，回答第 9 小题。()9.Whats wrong with the young man?A. He has a cold.B. He has a cough.CHe has a headache.听第五段对话，回答第 10 小题。B()10.Who is Miss Deng?A. A tall lady with short hair.B. A short lady with long hair.CA short lady with short hair.BA(听第六段对话，回答第 1112 小题。)11.What day is it today?A. Friday. BSaturday.CSunday.)12.What is the talk about?A. Culture. BTravel.CNature.听第七段对话，回答第 1315 小题。BCA()13.Whom is Jim going to have dinner with this Friday?A. Mary. BLinda.CJims mother.()14.What are the two speakers going to eat?A. Noodles.B. Hamburgers.CDumplings.)15.Where will they eat this Saturday?A. At North Restaurant.B. At Indian Restaurant.CAt Dumpling Restaurant.C听短文请根据所听内容，在每小题给出的三个选项中，选出一个能完成句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。短文听两遍。B()16.Its _ from Pauls home to school.A. twenty minutes rideB. twenty minutes walkCtwenty minutes drive()17.Paul _ that night.A. didnt sleep wellB. didnt go to bedCdidnt have a dream)18.Paul felt terrible because he worried about_.A. the physics testB. the Chinese testCthe English testAC()19.Paul looked for _ after he got up.A. his chairB. his exercise bookChis notebook)20._ called Paul the next morning.A. TomBJackCMikeCBD听填信息你将听到的是一篇介绍 City Park 的短文，请你根据所听内容填写下面的信息卡。并请将答案写在答题卡相应题目的答题位置上。短文听两遍。The Information about City ParkLocation: In the city centerEntrance fee (门票)：(21)_Opening time：From (22)_to 10：00 pm.Attractions：The best area for sports in the city.The (23)_ largest park in the city.The garden inside is famous for (24)_The City Zoo is older than any other zoo in the country.People can play basketball, do some running,(25)_ and have a picnic in it.Free5：00 am./5 am.secondrosesgo boating(三)2010 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试A听句子 根据所听句子的内容和所提的问题，选择符合题意的图画回答问题，并将最佳选项的字母编号填写在答卷相应题目的答题位置上。若用答题卡答题，则将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每小题听一遍。()1.Who is the speakers friend?BCA()2.Where did the boy go yesterday?)3.How will the weather be tomorrow?()4.What does Jim do after dinner?)5.Which sport does Lily like?ABB听对话 回答每段对话后面的问题，在各题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将其字母编号填写在答卷相应题目的答题位置上。若用答题卡答题，则将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每段对话听两遍。BAC听第一段对话，回答第 6 小题。()6.What does Grace think of her day off?A. Boring. BTerrible.CWonderful.听第二段对话，回答第 7 小题。()7.How will the woman go to Shanghai?A. By plane. BBy train.CBy bus.听第三段对话，回答第 8 小题。()8.When will the man get to the hotel?A. At 10：00.B.At 10：15.CAt 10：30.BB听第四段对话，回答第 9 小题。()9.What colour is the cap?A. Red.BBlue.CBlack.听第五段对话，回答第 10 小题。()10.Why is Paul so successful in his work?A. Because he never makes any mistakes.B. Because he is always thinking of others.CBecause he can answer questions quickly.AC听第六段对话，回答第 1112 小题。()11.Where is the boy now?A. At home.B. At school.CAt the restaurant.)12.What is the boy going to eat?A. Some oranges.B. Some juice.CAn apple.CAB(听第七段对话，回答第 1315 小题。)13.Why are they making a robot?A. Because they like making things.B. Because it can help Ben do homework.CBecause Ben wants to help his mother.()14.What does Ben think the robot can do?A. Do housework.B. Do homework.CDo shopping.)15.How long will it take them to finish the robot?A. One year.B. Two years.CThree years.C听短文 请根据所听内容，在每小题给出的三个选项中，选出一个能完成句子的最佳答案，并将其字母编号填写在答卷相应题目的答题位置上。若用答题卡答题，则将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。短文听两遍。()16.Alan was born in _.CBAA. AmericaBEnglandCAustralia()17.Alan moved to London because _.A. he liked the city in EnglandB. his father had a new job thereChe had a lot of friends there)18.Alan enjoyed _with his friends beforemoving to London.A. swimmingB. skatingCrunning()19.The children at school were _ Alan.A. angry withB. afraid ofCfriendly to)20.From the passage, we know Alan _ his lifein London now.A. lovesB. dislikesCdoesnt mindCAD听填信息你将听到的是一封新年聚会邀请信，请你根据所听内容填写下面的邀请卡，并请将答案写在答卷相应题目的答题位置上。短文听两遍。New Years Party Invitation CardTime: (21)_ afternoon, from 2：00 p.m.to 4：00 p. m.People: Some of Marias classmates and (22)_Activities: (23)_Sing English songs.Have afternoon tea (24)_Address: No.6, New Street.Transportation: Bus No.20 or No.(25)_(This) SundayfriendsDancein her/the garden10/Ten