九年级Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.的语法知识点

【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流九年级Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.的语法知识点.精品文档.Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.1. 被动语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动语态（the Active Voice）和被动语态（the Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。.被动语态由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，以下为几种常用时态的被动语态的构成： 一般现在时：主语am / is / are （not）动词过去分词 一般过去时：主语was / were 动词过去分词 一般将来时：主语will be 动词过去分词/ 主语+be动词+going to +be+动词过去分词 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词be动词过去分词 现在完成时：主语have / has been 动词过去分词 现在进行时：主语is / am / are + being 动词过去分词习题：（ ）1.A wild animal zoo is going to_in our city. A.be built B.built C.build D.be building （ ）2.A lot of trees_on the hill yesterday. A.are planted B.will be planted C.have been planted D.were planted ( ) 3.Half of the work_by now. A.has finished B.has been finished C.have been finished ( ) 4.He likes reading very much. Most of his money_on books. A.is spent B.spend C.spends D.are spent .被动语态的用法：1.不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。Eg: His new car was stolen. 他的新车被偷了。（谁偷的，不知道） Letters are collected from his postbox at 7:30 every morning.每天早晨七点半有人来收他邮筒里的信。（主要说明每天七点半从邮筒里收信，至于是谁来收，没必要说明）2.需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。English is spoken in Canada. .主动语态变被动语态的方法：（1）主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）主动语态的谓语动词变为“be + 动词的过去分词”形式。（3）主动语态的主语变成介词by的宾语，放在动词的后面，有时课省略。Eg: Many people speak English. English is spoken by many people. .注意事项：1.带双宾语的句子变被动语态可以把间接宾语变主语，保留直接宾语：也可以把直接宾语变主语，保留间接宾语，间接宾语前要加介词to或for. Eg:He gives me a pen. I am given a pen.或A pen is given to me.2. 在主动语态中，有些动词（feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ）后面可接不带to的不定式，但变被动句时必须加to. Eg: We saw Tom enter the office. Tom was seen to enter the office.3. 有些动词常用主动表被动。如系动词feel,smell,sound,taste,write,sell等动词。Eg: The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写习题：（ ）1. In the past the children were made_15 hours a day. A.to lock B.work C. to work D. lock ( ) 2.The old men in China_. A.is taking good care B. are taken good care of C. is taking good care of D. are taken good care2.allow 动词，意为“允许，准许”，常用的结构：allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 （ ）People who drink wine _ to drive after May Day. A. dont allow B.isnt allowed C.mustnt allow D.mustnt be allowed3.Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 应该允许十六岁的青少年打耳洞。get their ears pierced意为“打耳洞”，此处get用作使役动词，相当于make或have，意为“使；让”。“get/ have +宾语+动词的过去分词”结构意为“使某事被做”或“让某人做某事”。其中过去分词表示的动作往往是哦别人做的，与句中的主语无关。 Eg:你打算什么时候去理发？_4.I dont think Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. 我认为不应该允许16岁的青少年开车。若宾语从句跟在think, believe, suppose, expect等表示“想，认为”的动词之后，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，句子的否定体现在主句中，这叫否定前移。 Eg: 我认为那不是一个好主意。_ 他认为那不是一个好主意。_5Stop 动词，表示“停止，阻止”，常用的结构：stop doing sth. 指停止正在做的事情 stop to do sth 指停下手头所做的事情，去做另一件事 stop sb from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事cant stop doing sth 忍不住做某事1. 他停下来看了看那个男孩。_2. 听到那件事，我忍不住大笑起来。_6.He doesnt seem to have many friends. 他好像没有很多朋友。Seem 意为“好像；似乎”： It seems that + 从句（从句部分用陈述语气）eg: 看起来要下雨了。 It seems like意为“似乎；好像”，后接名词。 seem to be +形容词/名词 seem to do sth 好像做某事 This man seemsa boss. A. be B. to be C. be to D. to7.I disagree. They talk instead of doing homework. 我不同意。他们聊天而不做作业。 disagree 不及物动词，意为“不同意，不赞同”，其反义词是agree，一般不用于进行时。若指与某人意见不一致，后接介词with；若指在某一方面意见不一致，后接介词about/on. Eg: 我不同意你的意见。 我们不同意这个计划。_ instead of 是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后接名词、代词或动名词，位于句中。 Instead 副词，置于句首或句末。 Eg: 她没有打篮球，而是去游泳了。_ _8.They arent serious enough at that age. 他们在哪个年龄不够谨慎。 Enough 副词，意为“足够地”，修饰形容词或副词时，放在形容词或副词之后，还可以作形容词，意为“足够的”，修饰名词时，放在名词之前。 -Does the child need any help? -No.She is _to dress herself. A.enough old B.young enough C.old enough9.So do we. 我们（家）也有。该句是一个倒装句。以so,neither/nor引起的倒装句有： So +be 动词/助动词/情态动词 +主语，表示肯定，意为“某人/物也”,用于后者与前者情况一样，前后两句主语不是同一人，主谓倒装。 Neither/ Nor +be动词/助动词/情态动词 +主语，表示否定，意为“某人/物也不”. So +主语+be 动词/助动词/情态动词，表示肯定，意为“某人/物确实如此”,用于后者赞同前者的说法，前后两句主语是同一人，主谓不倒装。 Neither/ Nor +主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词，表示否定，意为“某人/物的确不”. Eg: She likes apples;so _ I. A. am B. do C.is D. does10.Parents should not be too strict with teenagers. 父母不应该对青少年要求太严格。 Strict 形容词，意为“严格的；严厉的”；be strict with sb. 意为“对某人要求严格”，“对某事要求严格则用be strict in sth. Eg: My teacher is very strict _ his child and _ his work he does. A. with;with B.with;in C.in;in D.in; with11. be good for 对有好处/益处，后接名词、代词或动名词。其反义词组是be bad for. Eg: 牛奶对孩子有好处。_ Be good to 意为“对。和蔼/友善”，eg: 她对我们很好。 Be good at 意为：在某方面很擅长 eg: 她擅长英语。12. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事，同义词组有have a chance to do sth., 也 可以表达为have an opportunity/ a chance of doing sth.Eg: 我希望有机会去美国。13.I would like to reply to the article “Helping and Learning” in your last newsletter. 我想答复你上次简报中的“帮助和学习“这篇文章。 reply 动词，意为”回答，答复“，做不及物动词，后接宾语常用 reply to sb/ sth.,做及物动词时后可接从句。 Nobody would like to _ this article. A. reply to B. reply at C. reply for D. reply14.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions? 应该允许我自己做决定吗？ Make ones own decision 意为“某人自己做决定“，相当于make decisions for oneself. Eg:应该允许青少年自己做决定。15. Sometimes the hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork. 但有时这些爱好会妨碍学习。 get in the way of “妨碍.”，也可以用be in the way 表示。 Eg: 玩电脑游戏会妨碍她的学习。16. But Im serious about running. 但对于赛跑我是认真的。 be serious about 意为“对是认真的”，其后接名词、代词或动名词形式。 Eg:她认真面对未来。17. Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有这样我才有实现梦想的机会。 本句是“only+ 状语”引导的倒装句。即：only+ 状语+ 助动词/be动词/情态动词+ 主句。在句首的only后面如果跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语，则主句用倒装结构。如果only后跟的是主语，则不用倒装。 Eg: 只有这样你才能学好英语。_ 只有三个人在车祸中受伤。练习题：一. 选择题:1. Loud music may make people _ fast. A. to eat B. eat C. eated D. eats2. I want _ whether hes all right. A. to know B. know Cknowing D. Knows3.Her teacher was annoyed _ Tom because he made a lot of mistakes in the English Test Paper. A. at B. with C. in D. for4.Dont forget _ the tap when you dont use it. A. turn off B. turn on C. to turn on D. to turn off5. The children were made _ homework first. A. do B. to do C. did D. doing6. Dont worry about her，Madam. Your daughter is _ danger now. A. in B. out C. out of D. at7 I cant wait _ the present box. A. open B. to open C. opening D.opened二同义句装换（每空一词）：1. I like watching sports games. Tony likes watching sports games as well. I like watching sports games, _ _ Tony.2. My mother often makes me do my homework after supper. I am often _ _ _ my homework after supper.3.Could you please answer me quickly? Could you please _ _ me quickly?4. It took him two hours to finish reading the novel. He _ two hours _ reading the novel.5. We can rest for 7 days in October. We will _ _ _ _ in October.三翻译下列句子：1. 在动物园，游客不允许给动物喂食。 _2. 每一个人在一晚上都需要至少八小时的睡眠。 _3. 那里的人说什么她都不在乎。 _4. 坏习惯会妨碍你的生活。 _5. 只有这样我才能实现我的梦想。 _