中医综合中医基础理论七模拟题

中医综合-中医基础理论（七）一、Section I Use of English(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centres of(1) , crime, poverty and moral (2) Their distrust was caused, (3) , by a national ideology that(4) farming the greatest occupation and rural living (5) to urban living.This attitude (6) evenas the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential (7) of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands (8) the precarious (不稳定的)life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people(9) from the countryside, they carried their fears and suspicions with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were (10) with great problems, eagerly (11) the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the (12) of the city.One of many reforms came (13) the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by (14) governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would (15) exorbitant (过渡的)rates for these essential services and (16) them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by (17) the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. (18) of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would (19) widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a (20) price.(1).A eruption B corruption C interruption D provocation(分数：0.50 )A.B. VC.D.corruption“腐败，其他选项不合文意。Aeruption火山爆发”；Cinterruption “打断、打搅”；Dprovocation“激怒、挑拨”。.A disgrace B deterioration C dishonor D degradation(分数：0.50 )A.B.C.D. V城市被认为是腐败、堕落的中心，因此选degradation“堕落、退化，其他选项不合文意。Adisgrace“耻辱、失宠”，如： Being poor is no disgrace.贫穷并不是耻辱。”Bdeterioration“变坏、恶化”，如：health deterioration健康恶化；Cdishonor不名誉、不光彩”。.A by origin B in part C at all D at random(分数：0.50 )A.B. VC.D.in part 部分地，在某种程度上”，其他选项不合文意。Aby origin 出身”，女口： Hes French by origin. 他生为法国人。” Cat all “完全、根本，常用于否定或疑问句；Dat random 随便地，随机地”。.A proclaimed B exclaimed C claimed D reclaim(分数：0.50 )A. VB.C.B. proclaimed “正式宣布， 表明，公开赞扬” ，其他选项不合文意。 Bexclaimed “感叹， 大声说” ；Cclaimed “要求、主张、索赔”，如： She claims to own a car but I dont believe her. “她声称自己有车， 但我不相信她。” Dreclaim “要求归还、开垦”。(5) .A superb B super C exceptional D superior (分数： 0.50 )A.B.C.D. Vbe superior to “优于，其他选项不符合搭配。Asuperb 极好的，高质量的”；Bsuper “极好的，超级的”； Cexceptional “例外的，异常的”。(6) .A predominated B dominated C commanded D prevailed(分数： 0.50 )A.B.C.D. V对魔力的信仰In his mind a wishBdominated “主“她要主prevailed “流行，盛行”，如： A belief in magic still prevails in many tribes仍在好多部落流行。”其他选项不符合文意。 Apredominated “掌握，支配”，如： to become rich has always predominated.“发财的希望一直在他心中占主导地位。”宰，统治”，如： Her desire to dominate other people has caused trouble in her family. 宰他人的欲望给她的家庭带来了麻烦。”Ccommanded “指挥，命令”。(7) .A feature B peculiarity C quality D attribute(分数： 0.50 )A. VB.C.D.feature “外表的显著的特征或特性”，如： feature of the national landscape“国土风景的特色”，其他选项不符合文意。 Bpeculiarity “显著的，令人不快的特性或怪癖”，如： a peculiarity of the northern climate “北方怪气候的特色”； Cquality “性质，特性”，意义较抽象； Dattribute “构 成人或物一部分的属性”，如： eagerness to learn ， an often overlooked attribute in small children.“强烈的求知欲，一种小孩子身上常被忽视的特性。”(8) .A deserted B departed C abolished D abandoned(分数： 0.50 )A.B.C.D. Vabandoned 意为“完全放弃”，其他选项不合文意。 Adeserted “在困难的时候或情形下离开”，如： Hisfriends deserted him. “他的朋友遗弃了他。” Bdeparted “离开某地”，如： depart from Beijing“离开北京”。 Cabolished “废除”。(9) .A reallocated B migrated C replaced D substituted(分数： 0.50 )A.B. VC.D.从农村迁移到城市， 因此选 migrated “迁移， 移居” ，其他选项不合文意。 Areallocated “重新分配” Creplaced “代替”； Dsubstituted “替换”。(10) .A overwhelmed B overflowed C overtaken D preoccupied(分数： 0.50 )A. VB.C.D.城市里充斥着各种问题，所以选overwhelmed 被水完全覆盖，制服”，其他选项不符合文意。Boveflowed “使淹没”； Covertaken “赶上，超过”； Dpreoccupied “预先占上，全神贯注于”。(11).A embraced B adopted C hugged D contained(分数： 0.50 )A. VB.C.D.新来城市的人热切地欢迎改革，所以选embraced 愿意使用或接受，其他选项不符合文意。Badopted“采纳”； Chugged “拥抱”； Dcontained “包含”。(12).A chaos B chores C chorus D outbreaks(分数： 0.50 )A. VB.C.D.chaos “混乱”； Bchores “家务杂事”； Cchorus “合唱，合唱队”； Doutbreaks “爆发”(13).A at B by C out D in(分数： 0.50)A.B.C.D. Vin the area 在方面，其他选项不符合搭配。(14).A public B municipal C republican D nationalA.B. V分数： 0.50 )C.D.该段讲城市的改革，供水和排水系统通常由市政府运作，所以选文意。 Apublic “公共的”； Crepublican “共和国的”；municipal “市政的”，其他选项不符合 Dnational “民族的，全国的”。(15).A charge B take C cost D spend A. V分数： 0.50 )B.C.D.charge exorbitant rates “收取过高的费用”，其他选项不符合惯用法。Btake “花费”，常用物作主语；Ccost “消费，常用物作主语；Dspend “花”，常用句型：sb. spend time/money on sth.(16).A distribute B deliver C transfer D transportA.B. VC.分数： 0.50 )D.改革者担心私营公司只为能付得起费用的人提供服务，所以选 deliver “交付，递送”，其他选项不符合 文意。 Adistribute “分发，分配”； Ctransfer “调动，迁移”； Dtransport “运输，传送”。 (17).A degenerating B generating C regenerating D regulating(分数： 0.50 )A.B.C.D. V一些政府对私营公司进行“管理，调节，控制，因此选regulating 。degenerating“退化，变质”；B generating “产生，导致”； Cregenerating “使再生，重建”。（18）.A Proponents B Opponents C Sponsors D Rivals（分数： 0.50 ）A. VB.C.D.Proponents “支持者” ，其他选项不合文意。 BOpponents “反对者” ； CSponsors “发起者” ； DRivals“对手”。分数： 0.50 ）获得，保卫”；Creassure 使放心”，如：The“医生让病人对自己的健康放心。 ” Dincur “招致” ，“从那天起，我便惹他讨厌。”（分数： 0.50 ）(19) .A secure B ensure C reassure D incurA.B. VC.D.ensure “保证”，其他选项不合文意。 Asecure doctor reassured the sick manabout his health. 如： I incurred his dislike from that day on.(20) .A fair B just C square D objectiveA. VB.C.D.公平的价格为“ fair price ”，其他选项不符合惯用法和文意。 Bjust“ （ 法律或道德方面 ） 公正的”；C square “正直的”； Dobjective “客观的”。二、Section n Reading Comprehension （总题数：0，分数：0.00）三、Part A （ 总题数： 0，分数： 0.00）四、Text 1 （ 总题数： 1，分数： 10.00）The modern university is the ideal environment for the creation and transfer of knowledge that drives national competitiveness in an increasingly global era. Its most effective form is the American adaptation of the European model, in which teaching, leaning and research are integrated into a single institution. Indeed, the American university has proved capable of almost anything, from developing advanced economic theories to creating new life forms.Many national leaders understand that the university is the critical catalyst for Americasadaptability, economic robustness and emergence as a great power. And they are moving aggressively to catch up. The universities created by emerging economies beginning in the 1990s and through 2020 will likely play a decisive role in reshaping the global balance of economic power.That is bad news for the United States. The past two decades of American university development have been characterized largely by self-satisfaction arising from steady progress by the top 20 or so research universities. And America as a nation has 1Seen coasting. Since 2000, the United States has lost its edge in the graduation of engineers and technologists. The country no longer dominates scientific discovery, innovation or exploration. Most important, the United States has not launched any effort to build new institutions to accommodate its increasingly diverse population of more than 300 million.The result is that Americas university system, despite its historical pre-eminence, has ceasedto grow. Furthermore, Americas university system has failed to adapt to the dramatic demographic shifts occurring as a result of social mobility and immigration.America needs to realize that its universities face real competition from the rest of the worldto attract the best and the brightest, to secure resources and to provide environments that educate and inspire. This is not to say that the best American universities are no longer the leaders in discovery and innovation. It is to say that the success of the higher-education system must be measured by more than just innovations. Its long-term performance depends on its ability to provide learning to a broad cross sections of citizens, to advance national proficiency in math and science and to create an adaptable work force, as well as to develop a national appreciation for discovery, entrepreneurship and the creative process.In China and elsewhere, these are the goals of the new universities being built. In the United States, we need to move from a national self-confidence based on past success to one built on the knowledge that we are advancing a system of higher education that will meet our future needs. This will require that policymakers, business leaders and universities rededicate themselves to creating comprehensive learning and discovery environments; design entirely new models and methods for teaching, and then take action to implement them.(1) .According to the author, US modern universities A is a perfect system which can deal with everything.B is a system which is developing rapidly.C is a trinity of teaching, learning and research.D is a place for innovation and creation.A.B.C. VD.本题为细节理解题。文中指出“ Its most effective form is the American adaptation of the European model, in which teaching, leaning and research are integrated into a single institution. ”。 选项A在文中并未涉及，并且同后文中所提出的问题相矛盾。B同后文中指出的发展停滞相悖。D过于片面，仅仅强调了创新的内容，而忽略了将成果进行转化和教育的内容。因此C最符合要求。(2) .New universities have been established among many other countries in order to A bring bad news to the US.B make use of the power for development.C be measured by innovation.D force the US to build up more universities.A.B. VC.D.本题为推理判断题。文中指出“Many nationalleaders understand that the university is the criticalcatalyst for Americas adaptability, economic robustness and emergence as a great power. And they are moving aggressively to catch up.”由此可见，其他国家大力发展大学的主要动力是为了获取同美国一样的发展能力，因此应当选B。(3) .What is the problem that US universities have faced since 2000?A Loss of the predominant position in artistic innovations.B Lack of the reestablishment of famed universities.C Failure to attract the best brains throughout the world.D Need of a comprehensive learning and studying environment.A.B.C.D. V本题为细节理解题。文中提到“ the country no longer dominates scientific discovery, innovation or exploration ”，因此选项 A 不恰当误。根据“ the United States has not launched any effort to buildnew institutions to accommodate its increasingly diverse population of more than 300 million. ” 可以判断 B 不恰当误。 文中提到“ America needs to realize that its universities face real competition from the rest of the world to attract the best and the brightest ”，但是并没有提到美国在吸引 人才方面遭遇失败，因此C 不正确。根据“ This will require that policymakers, business leaders anduniversities rededicate themselves to creating comprehensive learning and discovery environments 可以确定 D 正确。(4) .Which of the following is the goal of China to build up new universities?A Providing wider opportunities of education for oversea students.B Elevating the science and technology level of the whole country.C Focusing on the position of science and technology innovation leader.D Creating a culture of appreciation of science and technology.A.B. VC.D.本题为细节理解题。 文章中提到“ Its long-term performance depends on its ability to provide learning to a broad cross sections of citizens, to advance national proficiency in math and science and to create an adaptable work force, as well as to develop a national appreciation for discovery, entrepreneurship and the creative process ”，这样可以排除与原文意思不符的A、 D 两项，而当前占据领导地位的依然是美国，C在文中并未提及，应予以排除，故本题选择B项。(5) .It can be inferred from the text that the most possible direction of university reform inthe US is A offering more attractive scholarships.B developing advanced economic theories.C finding a better system for learning and researching.D spending more money for hardware improvement.A.B.C. VD.本题为推理判断题。文章最后一段中指出了美国大学的发展方向是发展更加有利于国家进步的教学科研环境。选项A的内容仅仅对于吸引人才有一定作用。B的内容过于片面。D并不符合总体改革原则，因此C最符合题意。五、Text 2 ( 总题数： 1，分数： 10.00)When Ted Kennedy gazes from the windows of his office in Boston, he can see the harbors GoldenStairs, where all eight of his great-grandparents first set foot in America. It reminds him,he told his Senate colleagues this week, that reforming Americas immigration laws is an awesome responsibility. Mr. Kennedy is the Democrat most prominently pushing a bipartisan bill to secure the border, ease the national skills shortage and offer a path to citizenship for the estimated 12m illegal aliens already in the country. He has a steep climb ahead of him.As drafted, the bill seeks to mend Americas broken immigration system in several ways. First, and before its other main provisions come into effect, it would tighten border security. It provides for 200 miles (320km) of vehicle barriers, 370 miles of fencing and 18000 new border patrol agents. It calls for an electronic identification system to ensure employers verify that all their employees are legally allowed to work. And it stiffens punishments for those who knowingly hire illegals.As soon as the bill was unveiled, it was stoned from all sides. Christans, mostly Republicans, denounced it as an amnesty that would encourage further waves of illegal immigration. Tom Tancredo, a Republican congressman running for president (without hope of success ) on ananti-illegal-immigration platform, demandedthat all but the border-security clauses be scrapped. Even these he derided as so limited its almost a joke. Conservative talk-radio echoed his call. No one is seriously proposing mass deportation, but Mr. Tancredo says the illegals will all go home if the laws against hiring them are vigorously enforced.Most labor unions are skeptical, too. The AFL-CIO denounced the guest-worker program, which it said would give employers a ready pool of labor that they can exploit to drive down wages, benefits, health and safety protections for everyone else. Two Democratic senators tried to gut the program. One failed to abolish it entirely; another succeeded in slashing it from 400000 to 200000 people a year.Employers like the idea of more legal migrants but worry that the new system will be cumbersome. Many object to the idea that they will have to check the immigration status of all their employees. The proposed federal computer system to sort legal from illegal workers is bound to make mistakes. Even if only one employee in a hundred is falsely labelled illegal, that will cause a lot of headaches. And the points system has drawbacks, too. Employers are better placed than bureaucrats to judge which skills are in short supply. That is why the current mess has advantages illegalimmigrants nearly always go where their labor is in demand.Other groups have complaints, too. Immigrant-rights groups say that the path to citizenship would be too long and arduous and too few Hispanics would qualify. Nancy Pelosi, the Democratic speaker of the House, fretted that the new stress on skills would hurt families, adding that her party is about families and family values. Some people worry that House Democrats will kill it to prevent Mr. Bush from enjoying a domestic success.Despite the indignation, public opinion favors the underlying principles. At least 60% of Americans want to give illegals a chance to become citizens if they work hard and behave.(1) .Ted Kennedy is mentioned in the first paragraph toA introduce the main topic of immigration law reforming.B remind the Senate that they have an awesome responsibility.C stress the importance of securing the border and easing skills shortage.D emphasize the fact that even a Senator is a descendant of immigrants.A. VB.C.D. 解题思路 目的细节题。文章开头讲到的任何故事、人物都是以引入文章的主题为目的的。而本文重点讲 的就是移民法改革问题，因此 A 可以直接入选。(2) .Which of the following is true about the present bill?A The bill is widely supported by various political strips.B The bill will impose severe punishment on illegal immigrants.C The bill is designed to improve American immigration system.D The bill will ensure that no illegals are knowingly hired.A.B.C. VD. 解题思路 判断题。定位在文章第二段。该段首句就说明：如起草的那样，该法案要以几种方式去修补美 国破烂移民体系的漏洞。也就是说要“改善美国的移民体系”。(3) .The word stoned (line 1, paragraph3 ) most probably meansA stiffened. B constructed. C criticized. D supportedA.B.D. 解题思路 含义题。第三段首句说“该法案刚刚亮相，就受到了来自各方的 ”，因此，推测该词的词义要从下面的论据中寻找。下面各方所用的动词分别为： denounce 谴责； deride 嘲讽。由此可以判定， stone 在这里是“批评”的意思。(4) .It can inferred from the passage thatA the common citizens in the US tend to accept well-behaved illegals.B the democrats would do anything to prevent Bush from achieving success.C employers are the only group that enthusiastically support the new bill.D illegal immigrants always know where their skills are in great demand.A. VB.C.D. 解题思路 推理题。依据点在文章最后一段：尽管都很气愤，公众还是喜欢该法案背后的准则的。至少 60%的美国人想要给予非法移民一个成为公民的机会，如果他们愿意努力工作并遵纪守法的话。 说明美国的普通公民倾向于接受行为良好的非法移民。 干扰最大的就是 D 选项，它错误的原因在于偷换了原文的概念， 原文第四段尾句说“非法移民几乎总是涌向最需要他们技能的地方”；而选项 D 变成“非法移民总是知道 哪里最需要他们的技能”。(5) .The authors attitude towards this immigration reform seems to beA supportive. B objective. C confused. D optimisticA.B. VC.D. 解题思路 态度题。本文作者引入移民改革话题以后，提到各个方面的观点，有反对的，有支持的，而在 结尾没有提出自己的观点，因此他的态度是“客观的”。六、Text 3 ( 总题数： 1，分数： 10.00)If American investors have learned any lesson in the last 25 years, it is to buy shares on thedips. The slide in 2000-2002 may have been longer and deeper than they were used to but normalservice was eventually resumed, driving the Dow Jones Industrial Average to a record high onOctober 1st.AmongAmerican financial commentators, it is almost universally accepted that shares always rise over the long run. And one ought to expect shares (which are risky) to deliver a higher return than risk free assets such as government bonds.Nevertheless, investors ought also to remember the worlds second largest economy, Japan. Itsmost popular stock-market average, the Nikkei 225, peaked at 38,915 on the last trading day ofthe 1980s; this week, nearly 18 years later, it is still only around 17,000, less than half itspeak. Buying on the dips did not work either.Professionals of the London Business School examined the record of 16 stock markets which werein continuous operation over the course of the 20th century. In itself, this selection showedsurvivorship bias by excluding the likes of Russia and China. The academies found that only three other countries could match the American record of having no 20-year periods with negative real returns.Other investors were far less lucky. Japanese, French, German and Spanish investors all suffered instances where they had to wait 50-60 years to earn a positive real return. It was no good following the famous advice to put the shares in a drawer and forget about them; the furniture would not have lasted that long.Besides survivorship bias, there is another problem with the belief that stock markets must always go up. Investors will keep buying until prices reach stratospheric( 稳定的 ) levels. That clearly happened in Japan in the late 1980s, and after seven years, it is still not much more than half its peak level.A significant proportion of the return from equities in the second half o