初中常考近义词辨析2含答案及详解

初中常考近义词辨析2Say speak talk tell.1. He to me, “I m going to see a film. ”2. “ May _Ito Jack? ”“ Hold on a mome nt, please! ”3. They with each other, but I don t know what they about.4. He me he was not at home last ni ght.5. Some Can adia ns canboth En glish and Fren ch.6. It s a bad habit tolies.7. I have nothing to8. I can t the differenee between the twins.答案：l.says; 2.speak; 3.talk; 4.told; 5.speak; 6.tell; 7.say; 8.tell注释：四个词都有“说”的意思，say强调说话的内容；speak to sb.跟某人说话（常用用于电话用语 中，如句2），speak还可表示说某种语言；talk to/ with sb.和某人聊天/谈话；tell “告诉”，常见句型 tell sb. sth告诉某人某事，在句8中表示“分辨，辨别”的意思。Hundred hundreds of thousand thousands of million millions of1. There are sixpeople on the playgro un d.2. birds are in the park.3. butterflies are dancing.答案：1.hu ndred/ thousa nd/ milli on; 2.hu ndreds of/ thousa nds of/ milli ons of; 3.h un dreds of/ thousa nds of; millio ns of注释：hundred “百”，thousand “千”，million “百万”，都是数词，在表示具体数量时没有复数形式； hundreds of “数以百计的，成百上千的” ，thousands of “数以千计的，成千上万的”，millions of “数百 万的”What who1. is he? ” f He is a teacher.”2. does he do? He is a teacher.3. is he? He is our En glish teacher.4. do your pare nts do? They are both teachers.5. do you thi nk the lady is? Maybe she is a nu rse, I thi nk.答案“ l.what; 2.what; 3.who; 4.what; 5.who注释：who询问某人的身份，常用于句型”who + be +某人？ ”，即“某人是谁？” ； what询问人的身 份或职业，用于句型”what do/ does/ did +某人+ do?”，即“某人是干什么的？”High tall1. The tall boy jumps very2. He lives in abuild ing.3. There aremountains around my hometow n.4. Yao Mi ng is 2.26meters5. There is atree in front my house.6. Look! Some birds are flyingup in the sky.7. price/ speed/ temperature.答案：1.high; 2.tall/ high; 3.high; 4.tall; 5.tall/ high; 6.high; 7.high注释：high, tall都有“高”的意思，high只能指物高，tall能指人高也可指物高；高价格（速度，温 度）山高都用”high”.Mustn t neednt don t neetbdon t have to1. You mustn take this book out of the library. You can read it here.2. Must I do my homework now? No, you needn t.3. Do I have to fi nish the work today? No, you don t have to.4. You must help your mother with the houseworkmustn you?5. Need you go to see a doctor? No, I needn t.6. You can go home now; you d）n t need clean the classroom.答案：注释：must nt “不准”，表示命令；needn = don tn eed to “不必，没必要”，前者中的need是情态动 词，否定直接在其后加not，后者中的need是行为动词，否定要在其前加否定的助动词 “ dont/ does nt/ did nt”； don have to “ have to不得不，必须”的否定形式Something anything nothing everything1. Is there anything wrong with this computer?2. There is nothing wrong with this computer.= there isritanything wrong with the computer.3. She likes to do something different4. How is everything going? Everything goes well.5. She is beautiful, I agree. But beauty is not everyth ing.6. I want something to eat, anything will do.7. He decided to go there. Nothing can stop him from doing it答案：1.a nything; 2.nothing/ any thi ng; 3.somethi ng; 4.everyth ing/ everyth ing; 5.everyth ing; 6.somethi ng/ anything; 7.no thi ng注释：someth in g “某事，某物”，常用于肯定句中，用于句型 ” would you like somethi ng to do? ”中，表 示希望得到对方肯定的回答；anything “任何事物”，用于肯定句，疑问句和否定句中；nothing “什么 也没有” ；everything “一切事物”，可用于任何句式。注意，修饰something, anything的形容词必须放在它们的后面，做后置定语。Don t doesn t not to not isn twon t1. The teacher told mebe late for school aga in2. Will you pleasedraw on the wall?3. Pleasego across the road now.4. The cake must be more delicious,?5. Whygo out for a walk? = Whyyou go out for a walk?6. You d bettersleep in class.7. He d rathergo to the party8. He decidedgo on a pic nic with his class.9. If itrain tomorrow, we ll have a sports meeting.10. forget to bring your homework to school. No, I.11. He will really work in the coun try,he?答案：1.not to; 2.; 3.dont; 4.isnt it; 5.not/ dont; 6.not; 7.not; 8.not to; 9.doesnt; 10.dont/ won ;11.wo nt注释：句1句8，tell sb. not to do sth.叫某人别做某事；句3否定的祈使句都用助动词 do的否定形 式 ” do nt ”开头；句 5 句 6，句型why not do sth? = why donyou do sth.? “为什么不-”（表建议）/ you better not do sth.“最好别做某事”；句 7would rather not do sth.“宁愿不做某事”；句 8，decide not to do sth. “决定不做某事”；句9，if引导条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时表将来； 句10，前半句是否定的祈使句用” do nt”开头，后半句的意思是“是的，我不会（忘的）”；句11,反 义疑问句中陈述句部分是肯定句，疑问句部分要用“相应动词的否定形式+主语”的句式，因为该句子中的动词是情态动词will，所以疑问部分要用其否定形式” wo nt ” +主语。Few a few little a little1. Is there any milk in the bottle? Yes, there is 2. Sorry, I cant answer your question.knI ow about this subject.3. That film is not interesting, so people like it.4. Do you speak Japanese? Yes, but only 5. Ive study Japanese for only months.6. Tom was ill yesterday, but he feels better now.7. All the students are busy, so of them will go to the cinema.8. Mr. White is very lonely. He has friends, but he likes dogs and he has in his house .he sayshis dogs eat much and drink 9. He is a man of words, that is, he talks 10. In the past years, there have been a lot of changes in my hometown.11. There is milk in this glass than in that one.12. I picked apples than you, but mine is better than yours.答案： 1.a little; 2.little; 3.few; 4.a little; 5.a few; 6.a little; 7.few; 8.few/ a few/ little; 9.a few/ little; 10.a few; 11.less; 12.fewer注释：few “不多，很少”，修饰可数名词复数（比较级 fewer/最高级fewest） ； little “数量少到几乎 没有”修饰不可数名词（比较级less/最高级lest）； a few “几个”，修饰可数名词复数；a little “一点， 少量”，修饰不可数名词，此外， a little 还可以放在形容词比较级前，通常翻译成“ 一点” ，例如：a little better 好了一点 / a little smaller 小了一点。Borrow lend keep1. You can this book from the library.2. I ve my bike to Li lei.3. You mustn_tthis book to others. 44. You can this book for two weeks.5. May I your pen?6. How long may I this book?7. Will you me your bike? = will you your bike to me?8. I have no money, can you me some?答案： 1.borrow; 2.lent; 3.lend; 4.keep; 5.borrow; 6.keep; 7.lend/ lend; 8.lend 注释：这三个词都有“借”的意思， borrow 指借进某物，常见搭配 borrow from ，从 借进（某物）;lend指借出某物，常见搭配lend sth to，把某物借给；要表示某物借多久，则用keep,它是延续性动词，其他两个词都为瞬间动词。And or1. A man a woman is going to give us a talk.2. He is too young to know how to read write.3. Hurry up, well be late for school. = if we donthurry up, wellbe late for school.4. Think hard, youllknow the answer to the question. = if you think hard, youllknow the answer tothe question.答案： 1.or; 2.and; 3.or; 4.and注释：and “并且，和”，表示一种并列关系，连接两个并列主语，动词用复数形式，有时也可表示顺 承关系，如句4，此时and通常不翻译；or “或者”，表示“两个当中有一个”的意思，连接两个主语， 动词用单数形式，此外它还有“否则”的意思。Take bring carry fetch lift1. It gsing to rain, Peter. YoUd betterthis umbrella with you.2. Thank you. It very kind of you. I llit back when I come next time.3. Look! The woma n isa baby in her arms.4. Shall Iyou some tea? No, tha nks. I like coffee better.5. Waiter, pleaseme some bread and a glass of milk.6. Whe n you go shopp ing, you mustsome money with you.7. He is ill. We musthim to hospital at on ce.8. Sorry, I left my homework at home. Iit here tomorrow.9. One fin ger canta stone.10. The drunken man is lying in the middle of the road. Letshim to a safe place.答案：1.take; 2.bring; 3.carrying; 4.fetch; 5.fetch; 6.take; 7.carry; 8.bring; 9.lift; 10.carrybring “带来”，指把某物从 carry； fetch “取来（某物），quick “快的，迅速的”注释：take “拿走，带走”，指把某样东西从一个地方带到另一个地方去; 别的地方带过来；carry “搬，抬”，通常在表示抱着某人（物）时，也用 接（某人）”；lift “举起，抬起”。Quite quiet quick1. He drewa nice horse.2. Keep, please.3. I dontagree with you.4. Let have ameal.答案：1.quite; 2.quiet; 3.quite; 4.quick注释：这三个词形似义不同，quite “非常地，相当地” ；quiet “安静的”So- as as-as the same as1. This car isexpe nsivethat one.2. This car isthat one.3. Tom did ntgo to schoolearlyKate.4. This shirt issizethat one.5. You havemuch moneyshe.6. You usedicti onaryshe does.7. There aremany flowers in this gardenin that one.8. I like to have frie nds who areme.as答案：1.as - as-; 2.the same as; 3.as - as -; 4.the same - as -; 5.so - as ;6.the same ;7. so as; 8.the same as注释：Town city1. He lives in a tall buildi ng in theof Toron to.2. Shan ghai is the biggestin china.3. Living inis less healthy than living in the country.4. He was born in a smallnot far from theof Chan gsha.答案：1.city; 2.city; 3.tow n; 4.tow n;注释：town指城镇；city指城市Another the other other others1. I don like this one. Will you show meone?2. All herfrie nds are wait ing outside the door.3. There are three books on the desk. One is mine,two are yours.4. Would you likepiece of cake?5. The post office is onside of the street.6. There are many visitors in the park. Some are ridi ng camels,are tak ing photos.7. Many stude nts are in the classroom. Some are clea ning the win dows,are sweep ing the floor.8. You must ntle nd this book to. You can read it yourself.9. We had fish, chicke n, and somedelicious food for dinner.10. three bottles of beer, please. = Threebottles of beer, please.答案：1.a no ther; 2.other; 3.the other; 4.a no ther; 5.the other; 6.others; 7.others; 8.others; 9.other; 10.a no ther/ other.注释：an other “另一（个），再一（个）” other “其他的”，泛指；the other “其他的”，特指在某个 具体范围内其他的某人或某物（试比较句 3和句6）; others “其他人，别人”。In front of in the front of in font1. The teacher is speak ing to usthe classroom.2. The teacher is speak ing to usus.3. a lot of cars are park ingthe school whe n there is a pare nts meeti ng.4. Six stude nts are sta ndingthe classmates.5. The driver was driv ingthe bus whe n he saw a cowthe bus.6. There is a tall treethe house.7. On the first lap, class three is.答案：1.i n the front of; 2.i n front of; 3.i n the front of; 4.i n front of; 5.i n the front of; 6.i n front of; 7.i n front 注释：in front of “在的前面”，指的是在某物以外的前面或在某人的前面，如句6因为树是长在屋外的，所以用in front of； in the frontof “在-的前面”，指的是在某物内部的前面，如句 3汽车是停在学校里面的，所以用in the front of ； in front “在前面”后不能接某人或某物，用在 be动词后 表方位。Careful carefully care1. You must be more. That car n early hit you.2. We must liste n to the teacherin class.3. She is agirl and does everythi ng4. You must take goodof your thin gs. Put them away.5. Take , and wish you a gook journey home.答案：1.careful; 2.carefully; 3.careful/ carefully; 4.care; 5.care注释：careful仔细的，小心的”，是形容词，可用在名词前做定语也可用在 be动词后做表语；carefully“仔细地，小心地”，是副词，用在动词后修饰该动词；care “照顾，照料；小心”，此处用作名词， care做动词时是“关心，在意”的意思，句 4中“take care of”是固定搭配，“照顾，照料（某人/某 物）” “take card是动词短语，“小心，当心”。