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牛津英语7B unit1-8语法汇总及练习Unit1基数词与序数词一表示数量或数目多少的数词叫做基数词，可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。A、基数词的构成（1）0-12独立成词，一个一个单独记。zero one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve（2）1319teen来结尾，13.15和18，需要特殊记。thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen（3）几十以后+ty。特别注意20,30,40,50,80.的变化。twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety（4）几十几的情况，先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字符。twenty-one(21) thirty-two(32) forty-three(43) fifty-four(54) sixty-five(65) （5）几百几十几的情况，先说几百注意“百”不能加s,百位数与十位数中间用and连接。one hundred and twenty-one(121) four hundred and fifty-six(456) （6）1,000以上，先从右往左数，每三位数加“，”，第一个“，”前为thousand，第二个“，”，前为million，然后一节一节的表示。five million one hundred and twenty-three thousand four hundred and fifty-six(5,123,456)注意：英语中没有“万”和“亿”这两个单位，只有“百万（million）”和“十亿（billion）”；因此“一万”是用10个千，也就是“ten thousand”来表示的，“一亿”是用“one hundred million”来表示的。B、基数词的记忆口诀基数词，不难记，找出规律很容易：零至十二形各异，一个一个单独记。后加-teen为“十几”，thirteen，fifteen看仔细，eighteen只有一个t。表示“几十”要加-ty，twenty，thirty是特例；forty，fifty更厉害，和eighty一起搞例外。表示数字“几十几”，连字符号要切记。要表“几百几”，and 常把百、十系；还有一点需注意，“几百”后别把-s立。C、 基数词的主要用法(1)与可数名词连用，表示数量、重量、距离、价格等。He has four dogs.他有四只小狗。The school is three kilometers from my home.学校离我家三千米远。These oranges are 3 dollars.这些橙子共3美元。(2)表示年份 1758年 读作：seventeen fifty-eight(3)表示年龄 The girl is fourteen.这女孩14岁。注意：ten-year-old girl 10岁的女孩 ，基数词-year-old作形容词，修饰名词(4)表示加减法，用基数词Five plus ten is fifteen.5加10等于15。(5) 基数词可以用来表示时间。例如：7:30 seven thirty / half past seven6:45 six forty-five / a quarter to seven 8:00 eight oclock(6)基数词可以用来表示事物的编号。例如：第209房间 Room 209 第三部分 Section 3/Part 3南京路308号 308 Nanjing Road 电话号码3698688 TEL 3698688(7)two hundred students基数词百/千/百万可数名词复数 hundreds of students 百/千/百万sof可数名词复数 (8)翻到多少页是page+基数词二、表示事物顺序的数词叫做序数词，作用相当于名词或形容词，可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。A、序数词的构成（1） 一般在基数词后加thfourfourth，thirteenthirteenth（2） 不规则变化 onefirst，twosecond，threethird，fivefifth，eighteighth， nineninth，twelvetwelfih（3） 以y结尾的十位整数，变y为ie再加th twentytwentieth， fortyfortieth， ninetyninetieth（4） 从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为 序数词。twenty-first，two hundred and forty-fifth注意：一般来说，序数词前要有定冠词the，也可以是形容词性物主代词my, your等。B、基数词变序数词的口诀基变序，有规律，词尾加上th一、二、三特殊记，结尾字母t,d,d（first second third）八去t九去e（eighth ninth），ve要用f替（fifth twelfth）ty将y改成i，th前面有个e，若要碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。C、序数词的缩写first-1stfourth-4thseventh-7thtenth-10thsecond-2ndfifth-5theighth-8thtwenty-first-21stthird-3rdsixth-6thninth-9thseventieth-70th总结：其中1st,2nd,3rd为特殊形式，其他的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。D. 序数词的用法（1）序数词的前面一般要用定冠词the表示第几的意思。You are the second one to know the way. 你是第二个知道方法的人。（2）表示日期The summer holiday starts from the first of July.暑假从七月一日开始。（3）序数词在名词的前面经常作定语修饰名词，但是当名词的前面已经有了物主代词的时，序数词的前面不再用定冠词the。 例如：This is my third question. 这是我的第三个问题。（4）表示分数的时候，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1的时候，分母用复数形式。例如：2/5 two fifths（5）表示楼层I live on the eleventh floor.我住在12层。注意：在英式英语中。建筑的楼层与街相齐的是一楼。注意：表日期、楼层的时候，序数词前面要加上定冠词the（6）表示顺序Sandy always comes first in her class.桑迪总是她们班第一个到的。This is my first computer。这是我的第一台电脑。（7） 表示编号的时候，经常把基数词放在名词的前面表示顺序，相当于the序数词名词，也可以用“名词+基数词”。例如：Lesson Fivethe fifth lesson 第五课。 选择题1. There are _ days in a year.2. A. three hundreds and sixty five B. three hundred and sixty five 3. C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred sixty-five4. How do you say 15,858?5. A. Fifteen thousands, eight hundred and fifty-eight 6. B. Fifteen thousand, eight hundreds and fifty eight.7. C. Fifteen thousand, eight hundred and fifty-eight8. D. Fifteen thousand and eight hundred and fifty-eight. 9. Please turn to Page _ and look at the _ picture in this unit .A.twentieth ;one B. twenty ;one C. twentieth; first D Twenty ; first 5. _ people in Yangzhou went to see Liu Qians performance when he came there . A. Ten thousands B. Ten thousands of C. Thousands D. Ten thousand 6. This is _ English class. I hope you can enjoy English . A. our the first B. The our first C. our first D .first the our 7. Wednesday is the _ day of a week.A. fifth B. fourth C. forth D. third8. _ tourists come to visit the Great Wall every year . A Millions of B Million of C One million of D Millions9. Do you know Shijiu Lake well?Sure. This is my _ to visit the lake.A. three times B. the third time C. third time D. the three times10. How old is your daughter?_. We had a party for her _ birthday last Sunday.A. Twelve; twelfth B. Twelfth; twelve C. Twelve; twelve D. Twelfth; twelfth11. -How many students are there in your school? -_.A. There are two thousands, two hundred and fifty-two B. There are two thousand, two hundred, fifty-twoC. There are two thousand, and two hundred fifty-two D. There are two thousand, two hundred and fifty-two 12. The Changjiang River is about_ .A. 6,300 kilometers long B. 6,300- kilometers- long C.6,300 -kilometer-long D. 6,300 kilometer long 13. They are reading _ lesson on Page _.A.thirteen; Thirteen B.thirteen; Thirteenth C.the thirteenth; Thirteen D.thirteenth; Thirteen14. One hundred thousand, two hundred and sixty is _.A.10,206 B.1,026 C.126 D.100,26015. I visited this city three years ago so this is my_ time here.A. first B. second C. third D. fourth16. 一How many hours do you sleep every night? 一About _ hours. From 9 ; 00 p. m. to 6 : 00 a. m.A. nine B. nineteen C. ninth D. ninety17. 一Have you heard of TFBOYS?Certainly. About _ teenagers love them very much in our school. A. hundreds B. two hundreds of C. two hundreds D. two hundred18. There are _ months in a year. December is the_month of a year. A. twelve; twelve B. twelfth; twelfth C. twelve; twelfth D. twelfth; twelve19. Please turn to page_ and take a look at the picture on it.A. the eightieth B. eightieth C. eighties D. eighty20. How many friends will come to your _birthday party? About_ .A. twelve; twelfth B. twelveth ; twelve C. twelfth; twelve答案：CCDDCBACADACDBADCDB 23Unit2一般将来时一般将来时口诀一般将来时，将要发生事。谓语不一般，will加动原（动词原形）。要变疑问句，will放在主语前。否定句，也不难，will后面not添。“be going to”的用法口诀be going to, 表打算，准备、计划将干。表可能，有必然，通过现象来推断。使用它，要注意，疑问形式be提前。否定句，更简单，not放在be后边。to之后，动原形，be的形式看人称。下列词，要注意，come go和离去（leave）进行时，表将来，牢牢记住莫忘记。一般将来的概念：一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的发生动作或状态， 一般将来时或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。一般将来时由助动词 shall（第一人称），will（第二、三人称）+动词原形构成。will+V.原 美国英语则不管什么人称，一律用will。 be going to形式可以在任何情况下使用。 shall 和 will 常常缩写成 ll ,紧接在主语之后。其否定式 shall not 和will not 的缩写式分别为 shant 和 wont。 【中考要求】1熟练掌握一般将来时的构成和基本用法。I will go to visit Disneyland next holiday.下个假期我将去参观迪士尼乐园。Tom and Mike will visit Mr.Black tomorrow 汤姆和迈克明天要去拜访布莱克先生。一般将来的构成（一）:肯定句：I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They Will go. 否定句：I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They Will not go. 疑问句：Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go? 简略回答：(肯)Yes,主语shall/will (否) No,主语 shall/will not 特殊疑问句：一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将特殊疑问词放在句首，后接一般疑问句（就主语提问时，以疑问词who开头的疑问词除外） - why will you be here on Sunday?（周日你为什么将要在这儿？） -I will have a meeting on Sunday（我将要在周日举行一个聚会） （对特殊疑问句要进行具体回答）否定句： We wont have two more classes after we put up the flag.一般疑问句：Will we have two more classes after we put up the flag?对划线部分提问：How many classes will we have after we put up the flag?一般将来的构成（二）:肯定句：主语+（am, is , are )+going to do . 否定句：主语+ （ am, is , are )+not+ going to do 疑问句: (am, is , are) 主语+going to do简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语 (am, is , are)(否) No,主语(am, is , are ) not 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。Were going to meet outside the school gate. 我们打算在校门口见面。否定句： We arent going to meet outside the school gate.一般疑问句： Are we going to meet outside the school gate?对划线部分提问： Where are we going to meet ?一般将来的构成（三）:表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等），可用现在进行时表示将来时。如： 1. Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。 2. Theyre leaving for Beijing. 他们即将前往北京。 一般将来的用法：1.将来：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。 例如：I will(shall) arrive tomorrow. 我明天到。 2.表示计划、打算、准备做的事。例如： We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。 How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过？ 3.在“祈使句+andor+句子”这个结构中，“句子”用 一般将来时。Use your head and you will find a way用用脑子你就会找到方法。 Hurry up or we will be late for class.快点否则我们将迟到了。一般将来的标志词：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening next year/week/month/hour in+段时间 in the future this afternoon/Sunday/evening from now on one day, someday （未来的）某天 Soon Be going to 和will 的区别：1).Be going to 表示眼下要发生的事，will表示 的将来时间则较远一些：2).Be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。3).Be going to 表示计划的意思，will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。注意. 在时间、条件状语从句中， 如果主句是将来时，用willI will come if it doesnt rain如果明天不下雨我就来。 You will call us as soon as you get to Hung Kong你一到香港就给我打电话好吗？一、用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空1. Who _ (sing) at the party tomorrow? Miss Wang is. 2. The children _ (have) a picnic this weekend. They are getting ready for it. 3. Follow me, please, or you _ (lose) your way. 4. _ Millie _ (go) shopping with you? No, she wont. 5. There _ (be) a meeting this weekend. Do you know, Tina?6. _ he _ (play) basketball the day after tomorrow? Yes, he is. He is a member of our school basketball team. 7. Dont worry. The bus _ (come) soon. 8. The children _ (visit) the park tomorrow, arent they?9. _ we _ (go) to the park this afternoon? Good idea. 10. How long _ (take) to get there by bus tomorrow?二、单项选择1. I am sorry I have no money with me. Dont worry. I _ it to you. A. am going to lendB. will lendC. lend D. lent2. Will there _ a volleyball match on Sunday? Yes. There _ two volleyball matches on that day. A. be; are going to be B. have; are going to beC. have; are going to have D. be; are going to have3. Which team do you think _ the match? _ Im not sure. The final match will be held next week. A. wonB. are going to winC. will winD. wins4. Hes going _ a doctor when he grows up. A. beB. beingC. to beD. to do5. Do you know when Mrs White _ for dinner this evening? No, but I think she _ when she is free. A. will come; will come B. will come; comesC. comes; will come D. comes; comes6. Jack, with his friends, _ watch a film in the cinema tomorrow. A. is going toB. goes toC. are going toD. go to参考答案：1. is going to sing 2. will/are going to have 3. will lose4. Will; go 5. will/is going to be 6. Is; going to play7. is coming 8. are going to visit 9. Shall; go10. will; take .1-6 BACCAAUnit3名词所有格和物主代词一、名词所有格名词所有格用来表示人或物的所有和所属关系,包括 s所有格和of所有格两种形式。1.s所有格表示有生命的人或物的名词所有格,单数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加“s”。myelderbrothersbike我哥哥的自行车students books学生读物【拓展】(1)如果所指人或物为两个人或几个人所共有,则只在最后一个名词后加“s”。LilyandLucysmotherisadoctor.莉莉和露西的妈妈是一名医生。(2)如果所指人或物为两个人或几个人各自所有,则应在每个名词后都加“s”。LilysandLucysmothersarebothdoctors.莉莉的妈妈和露西的妈妈都是医生。2. of所有格无生命事物名词的所属关系,常用“of+名词”来表示,即of所有格。thecapitalofChina中国的首都thenameoftheriver这条河的名字二、物主代词1. 物主代词的定义及分类所谓物主代词, 就是表示所有关系的代词，即表示“我的”“你的”“他的/她的/它的”“我们的”“你们的”“他们的/她们的/它们的”的词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两大类。其人称及数的变化如下:(1)形容词性物主代词单数复数第一人称my我的our我们的第二人称your你的your你们的第三人称his他的, her她的, its它的their他们的/她们的/它们的(2)名词性物主代词单数复数第一人称mine我的ours我们的第二人称yours你的yours你们的第三人称his他的, hers她的, its它的theirs他们的/她们的/它们的2. 物主代词的用法(1)形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,在句中用作定语,后面必须接名词。Thisismybike. Yourbikeisoverthere.这是我的自行车。你的自行车在那边。(2)名词性物主代词具有名词的特性，后面不能再接名词。它相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。Excuseme, isthisnicekeyringyours? 打扰了，这个漂亮的钥匙扣是你的吗?(3)“of+名词性物主代词”可以作名词的后置定语。Thegirlisafriendofhis.那个女孩是他的一个朋友。Unit4语法1：方位介词用法解析介词是表示句子结构中词与词或句子成分之间关系的一种虚词。它是各地中考英语常考的一个词类，所以大家一定要掌握好介词的相关知识。常用介词用法歌诀in在里面on在上，by和beside在近旁；above表示在上方，below恰好为反向。若表正上用over，under表示正下方。in front of表在前，反义behind在后面。从里穿过用through，表面通过across。进到里面用into，落到上面用onto。from表示自何方，to和towards表朝向。小小介词用处大，反复实践掌握它。一、表示方位的介词on意为“在的上面”；over意为“在（垂直）的正上方”；above意为“在（不一定垂直）的上方”；under意为“在（垂直的）正下方”；below意为“在（不一定垂直）的下方”；near意为“在附近”；next to意为“紧挨着”；round / around意为“在周围”；by意为“在旁边”；表示两者的位置关系时in表示“在同一区域内或同一范围内”；on表示“接壤；相邻”；to表示“相离；相隔”，两者不属同一范围，也不接壤。介词意 义例 句on在上His book is on the desk.under在下The football is under the chair.in在里There is a pencil case in the schoolbag.in front of在前There is a tree in front of the house.behind在后He is standing behind me.二、表示运动方向的介词 across意为“从表面穿过”，或沿某一条线的方向而进行的动作；through意为 “从内部穿过”，past和by表示“从旁边经过或路过”。如： Please be careful when you go _ the street. Look! The mosquito is trying to fly _ the window. We often go _ a bakery on our way to school.语法2：冠词用法解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，对名词进行限定。冠词与名词的关系密不可分，就好像“鱼儿离不开水”一样。冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词两种，它们在英语中使用率极高，也是历年来中考的考查重点。冠词分为不定冠词a / an和定冠词the，在具体使用时可分为用不定冠词、定冠词和不用冠词三种情况。它的基本用法我们可以用以下口诀来记忆：泛指用a/ an，单数可数；特指用the，不特不the。【注】（1）泛指用a / an，单数可数泛指的可数名词单数前要用a / an。如：I want an apple.（2）特指用the如果是特指，那么无论是可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词前均要用the。如：The pencil is mine. / I dont like the pencils on the desk.（3）不特不the不特指则不用the，包括泛指的可数名词单数前用a / an，泛指的可数名词复数前不用冠词，泛指的不可数名词前也不用冠词三种情况。如：I like monkeys. / I dont like bread.一、不定冠词的基本用法1. 第一次提到的人或事物：2. 表示有某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物：3. 表示一类人或事物中的任何一个：4. 虽然有“一”的含义，但不强调数量：5. 用于表示时间、长度、价格等的单位名词前，表“每一”，相当于every。6. 习惯用法：a few、a little、a lot of、a number of、have a rest、take / have a look、make a face、in a hurry、for a while、记忆口诀不定冠词a或an，表“一”但不强调“一”；人或事物首次提，单位名词前“每一”；表示有人、有某物，何人何物不具体；强调类别任一个，习惯用法记心里。二、a和an用法巧记1. a用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，an用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。注意：要看读音是元音开头还是辅音开头，而不是根据字母。如_（一个小时），_（一把雨伞）等。如果名词前有修饰语，那么用a还是an取决于该修饰语的第一个音素是辅音还是元音。如：_（一本有用的书），_（一个诚实的男孩），_（一个不高兴的女孩），_（一个不寻常的故事）等。2. a, e, i, o, 这四个元音字母，以及f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x这八个辅音字母单独使用时，因其发音均以元音开头，所以要用an。我们可以用一句话来概括前面用an的所有字母，Mr. Li has one fox.（李先生有一只狐狸。）3. 用8, 11, 18, 80, 800等阿拉伯数字组成的短语前要用an，其他用a。如：That is an eight-meter-wide bridge.He is only an 11-year-old boy.I had a talk with an 80-year-old man on the street yesterday.三、定冠词的基本用法1. 用在“特指”谈话双方都知道的某个人或某些人或物前。如：2. 用在上文已提到的人或事物前。如：我能看见一只猫，那只猫是露西的。3. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：4. 用在序数词或形容词最高级前。如：5. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：6. 用在一些习惯用语中或乐器名词前。如：记忆口诀特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独一无二，序数最高级，某些专有名，习语及乐器。四、零冠词的用法1. 名词前已有作定语用的this, that, these, those, my, your, his, her, our, their, some等限定词时，不用冠词。如：this eraser, her pencil-box, some boxes, those women等。2. 泛指的不可数名词前一般不用冠词。如：meat, rice, water, bread, tea, milk, juice等。3. 复数名词表示泛指时，不用冠词。如：The people in the room are doctors. 房间里的那些人是医生。4. 在表示学科的名词前一般不用冠词。如：Chinese, English, maths, physics, history等。5. 在三餐饭和球类运动名词前一般不加冠词。如：have breakfast/ lunch/ supper, play basketball / football等。6. 在季节、节日、星期、月份前不用冠词。如：autumn, summer, winter, spring, Teachers Day, Childrens Day, Sunday, February等。7. 在表颜色、语种和国家名词前不用冠词。如：white, brown, French, Australia等。8. 在表示称呼语的名词之前，以及职务、头衔的名词前不用冠词。如：Doctor Green is a scientist. 格林博士是位科学家。记忆口诀代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，复数名词表泛指，学科球类三餐饭，季节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。五、有无定冠词意思迥异 英语中有些名词，如bed, class, hospital, school, church等，当不强调这些词所表示的场所，只强调它们的专门作用时，前面不带定冠词；否则要加定冠词。如：1. at table在进餐 at the table在桌旁2. at desk做读书或做作业 at the desk在书桌旁3. at school在上学，在求学（是学生） at the school在学校里（不一定是学生）4. at sea在海上航行 at the sea在海边5. in class在上课 in the class在班里6. in prison坐牢 in the prison在监狱7. in bed卧床，睡觉 in the bed在床上8. in front of在的前面 in the front of在的前部9. go to bed去睡觉 go to the bed到床边或床前10. go to hospital入院治疗 go to the hospital去医院（不一定是病人）11. go to church去教堂做礼拜、做祷告 go to the church去教堂（为了别的目的）12. go to school去上学（不强调场所） go to the school到学校去（开家长会等）专项练习根据句意用适当的词填空A. 用适当的冠词填空,不需要的地方填 “/”。1. Shanghai is _ biggest city in _ China. 2. I like to play _ football, but he likes to play _ piano. 3. _ Greens will come to see you tomorrow.4. Do you want _ orange or _ tomato?5. I usually go out for _ walk in _ evening. 6. His father is _ English teacher and he works in _ middle school. B. 从方框中选择适当的词填空, 每词限用一次。across, through, over, up, round, down, along, outside1. The cat is climbing _ the tree. It wants to catch the bird in the tree. 2. A thief got into my neighbours home _ the open window last night.3. Our plane is flying _ a mountain at the moment.4. My uncle is good at swimming. He can swim _ this river within five minutes. 5. The dog is running _ its master and barking. It must be very hungry. 6. Dont wait _ . Come in. It is so cold. 7. Lets go _ the hill now. The bus is waiting for us at the foot of the hill. 8. We usually take a walk _ the river after supper. 单项选择1. Wolf Warriors II is such _ exciting film that I have seen it three times. A. AB. an C. theD. /2. Mr Wang is _ 80-year-old man and he lives on _ Eighth Street. A. a; theB. an; theC. an; /D. a; / 3. Can you see any birds _ the tree? No. But I can see some red apples _ the tree. A. in; onB. in; inC. in; aboveD. on; over4. After playing _ football, I feel thirsty. Now, I want to drink _ orange juice. A. /; /B. a; anC. the; /D. the; a5. Will you get there by _ underground? No, Ill take _ taxi. A. /; aB. a; theC. /; /D. the; a6. The boat is going _ the bridge _ the river. Some students are walking _ the bridge. A. through; over; across B. through; across; overC. under; on; through D. below; above; across参考答案A.1.the; /2./; the3.The4.an; a5.a; the6. an; aB. 1. up 2. through 3. over 4. across5. round6. outside 7. down8. alongBCAAAA Unit5 -6一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；主语在过去时间段所具备的能力和性格。一般过去时句子最明显的现象就是常由表达过去时间的副词、副词短语或从句来界定。“过去”的概念并不仅指如“yesterday, last week, ”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。例如：He was here only a few minutes ago.仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。I came home just now. 我刚回到家。“this + 时间，today”等时间副词常用于修饰一般现在时，但是只要句子的本意是“与说话时的现在”对立，即使句子中有“this + 时间，today”等时间副词，也必须使用一般过去时。例如：I got up very early this morning.今天早晨我起床很早。He was late for school again today.今天他又迟到了。强化理解：1.一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时刻或时期所发生的事情，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时只说明过去的事情，不强调动作对现在的影响。I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。 He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。2.表示过去一段时间里经常或反复的动作，常与always，never等连用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。(只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞)I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。(不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒)3.表示过去连续发生的动作时要用一般过去时。这种情况下句子中往往没有表示过去的时间状语，通过上下文来表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain, and then died.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。4.有些句子虽然没有表示过去的时间状语，但实际上发生的动作或存在的状态是指过去，也要用一般过去时。这一点我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！I didnt know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。(因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you were here.)I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。(这句话应是在说话之前我以为你病了，但是现在我知道你没病)5.在谈到已死去的人的情况时多用过去时。Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷锋是个好战士。6.一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语连用。大体可分为如下几类：yesterday、the day before yesterday (前天)、the other day (前几天)、in the old days (在过去的日子里)just now (刚才)、this morning/afternoon/eveningago (a while ago方才、
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