表语从句讲解及练习

表语从句1. 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。2. 引导表语从句的关联词的种类：(1)从属连词 that。在从句中不做成分。女口： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。The reason was that he was late for school.(2)从属连词 whether,as,as if 。如： looked just as he had looked ten years before. questi on is whether they will be able to help us. 他们是否能帮我们。注：从属连词if 一般不用来引导表语从句，但All this was over twenty years ago, but it 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。The key is whether we can solve the problem. 词 be, seem, look ， sound 等。如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before. It sounds as if some one is knocking at the door.他看起来还与十年前一样。问题是 as if却可引导表语从句，如：s as if it was only yesterday.注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动他看起来还与十年前一样。连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。女口： The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。The problem is who we can get to replace her.我想问的是谁离开了。My question is who left.连接畐U词 where, when, how, why 。What I wo nder is whe n he left.我想知道他是何时离开的。This is where they once lived.这就是他们曾经住过的地方。That is why he did nt come here.The questi on is how he did it.(3) 连词because可引导表语从句。如：I thi nk it is because you are doi ng too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。Its just because he does nt know her.Thats because he did nt un dersta nd me.那是因为他没有理解我 .(Thats because.强调原因)Thats why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。(Thats why. 强调结果)(4) 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：My suggesti on is that we (should) start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。、系动词分类:1根据系动词后所跟结构，我们可以把英语系动词分为两大类：完全系动词（其后只能跟表语的动词，如 be, seem）和半系动词（其后既可跟表语作系动词用法，也可跟宾语或状 语作实义动词用，如look）例如：1） He looked sadly at the boy.（看着，实义动词用法）2） He looks a clever boy .（看起来”，系动词用法2、根据系动词的意义，我们把英语系动词分为四类：A. 五大感官系动词B .状态系动词 C.动态系动词D .双谓语系动词A 五大感官系动词，描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来，都是半系动词。1. look 看起来像是”，后接 adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。Thegirl bit her lips and looked2. smell“闻起来”，后接adj.分词。3. sound“听起来”，后接分词。耳。4. taste“尝起来”，后接分词。The flowers smell sweet.The music sounds sweet.The apples taste very good.thoughtful.这位女孩咬着嘴唇，看上去若有所思。这些花气味真香。这首诗听起来真悦这些苹果很好吃。5. Feel“摸起来，给感觉”；“觉得”，后接adj./.You will feel better after a nights sleep.睡上一晚，你会觉得好些。B. 状态系动词:1. be, “是”，属完全系动词。I am a student.我是一个学生。2. seem, “似乎，好像，完全系动词。They seem quite happy.他们似乎很快乐。3. appear, “显得，看起来好像”，半系动词。It appeared（to be）a true story.看来 这是一个真实的故事。4. keep, “保持的状态，半系动词，后接adj或介词短语。You d better go to bed and keep warm.你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。5. remain, “仍是”，半系动词。Iremained silent.我仍然缄默。6. stay “保持（某种状态），半系动词，后接adj.、过去分词。The window stayed ope n all the ni ght.“证明是”，半系动词，后接adj.n.这种疗法证明是成功的。The treatme nt proved to be successful.C. 动态系动词：都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。1. get “变成，变得起来”，后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。白天变得越来越长了。The days are gett ing Ion ger and Ion ger.2. fall “进入（某种状态），成为”，后常接以下形容词:asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat.The old men, un able to express himself, fell sile nt.那位老人说不清自己的意思，就不做声了。My father fell ill and died.我的父亲生病死了。3. grow “渐渐变得起来，长得”It s growing warm.天气渐渐暖和起来了。4. turn “转变成（新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质），变质（色）”。Maple trees turn red in autu mn.枫叶在秋天变红了。It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine. 今天早上是阴天，幸好已经转晴了。5. go,“变成（某种坏的状态）”The material has go ne a funny colour.这料子的颜色变得奇怪了。go 之后常接的 adj. 还有：bad, blind,wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red,with, an ger, white, pale, blue, grey.6. become变成，成为（好坏均可的情况）”I became in terested in drawi ng.我开始对素描感兴趣了。He became angry with me.他对我生气了。They became good frien ds.他们成了好朋友。7. come,变成为（已知的状态），证实为”，后常接形容词或前缀un-的过去分词作表语，表示状态或情况的变化。His wish to become a pilot has come true.他想当飞行员的愿望实现了。If you look into the matter, everything will come clear.如果你调查一下这事，一切都会清楚。后面常接的形容词还有：apart, dear （昂贵），n atural, ope n, short, right（好了），un stuck （没有粘住），un tied （松开）。8. run,变成”，后接 adj. The price ran high.价格上升了。9. make,达到某种状态 后接形容词，女口 sure, certain, merry, bold, freeWe must make certai n of facts.我们一定要弄清事实。D. 双谓语系动词此类系动词既有系动词的功能，后接表语，又保留原实义动词本身的含义。例如：The run rose red.太阳升起红艳艳。She stopped and stood quite still.她停下来然后一丝不动地站着。The snow lay thick on the ground.雪厚厚地堆积在地上。He married you ng. 他结婚很早。Lei Feng died young. 雷锋早逝。He contin ued sile nt.他继续沉默不语。A.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。B.False:The questi oniswhe ncan he arriveatthehotel.Right:The questi oniswhe nhe can arriveatthehotel.B. 不可以用if，而用whether连接表语从句（as if例外）。引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether位于介词后要用 whether位于句首时要用 whether。引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether。False:The questi onRight:The questi onisisif the enemy is whether the en emymarch ing towards us.is march ing towardsus系动词巩固练习 What you have said.A. is sounded interestingB sounds in terest ingC. sound interestedD.liste ns in terested The class begi ns. Please keep.A. silentB . silenee C . the silenee D . silently Look! Several people in the crowd seemed.A to be fightingB to have foughtC being foughtD having fought How the song she sings sounds! I have never a better voice.A beautifully, soundedB beautiful, soundedC sweet, listened toD sweet, heard Her feeling about the marriage rather strange.Ais lookedBis seemed C seemsDis appeared The new shirt right.Adoesnt feelB isn t felt C isn t feelingD doesnttouch How happy it for me to be home again after twenty years abroad!A givesB feelsCis feltDis given John driver since two months ago.A became a B has become a C has turnedDhas been a He he felt very over the death of the boy.A seemed that, sadB seemed as if, sadlyC looked as though, sadD looked that, sadness The icethick on the river. Ais lainB .lay C .laid D .lie（其答案分别是： 15： BAADC，610：ABDCB）表语测试1. The question is we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. ifC. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is he was too careless.A. because B. that3. Go and get your coat. ItA. where B. thereC. for D. because of s you left itC. there where D. where there4The problem is to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is I missed the bus.A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time.A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9. I fell sick!-I think it is you are doing too much.A. why B. when C. what D. because10. The reason why he hasn t come is .A. because his mother is illB.because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is illD. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how is Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why 13 your father wants to know is getting on with your studies.A. What; how are youB. That； how you areC. How； that you areD. What； how you are14. The trouble is we are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that15. America was was first called“ India ” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where16. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer .A. what it used to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be17. he really means is he disagrees with us.A. What thatB. ThatwhatC. What whatD. Thatwhat18. The energy is makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such19 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is thatyou had a few days off？A. why B .what C. when D. where20 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella I got wet through.A. It s the reasonB. That s whyC. There s why D. Its how21. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. what22. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?- Oh, that s .A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited23. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it.A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 答案15: DBACC610 :ACDDC1115:CBDBA1620: AACAB 2123: DAA