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UNIT 6EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGESModule 3 Culture and history自自 主主 预预 习习一、根据汉语写出英文单词一、根据汉语写出英文单词 1. 古代的 (adj.) _2. 巨大的 (adj.) _3. 笨的；傻的 (adj.) _4. 空的 (adj.) _5. 秘密的 (adj.) _6. 差别；不同 (之处) (n.) _7. 士兵 (n.) _8. 计谋 (n.) _ancienthugestupidemptysecretdifferencesoldiertrick9. 懂；理解 (v.) _10. 进来；进入 (v.) _11. （向某方向）拖；拉动 (v.) _12. 庆祝；庆贺 (v.) _13. 首领(n.) _14. 用武力夺取；攻占(v. ) _15. 主要的(adj.) _16. 午夜；子夜(n.) _understandenterpullcelebratecaptaincapturemainmidnight二、根据汉语写出下列词组二、根据汉语写出下列词组1. 将表演出来 _ 2. 拿开玩笑；以为笑柄 _ 3. 最后 _4. （用于命令）快；加油；加把劲 _ 5. (有)大量的；（有）许多的 _6. 成功做某事 _7. 除之外 _8. 放弃 _act outmake jokes aboutin the endcome on(be) full ofsucceed in doing sth.except forgive up9. 爬出 _ 10. 一个接一个 _11. 持续十年 _ 12. 通过一个计谋 _ climb outone by onefor 10 yearsthrough a trick三、根据汉语补全下列句子，每空一词三、根据汉语补全下列句子，每空一词 1. 现在他们已经放弃并划船走了。Now, they have _ _ and _ away. 2. 他们留下了一个巨大的木马。They have _ a huge _ huge horse. 3. 到了半夜，除了那个巨大的木马外，中心广场空荡荡的。 _ _ the main square was empty, _ _ the huge horse. givenupsailedleftwoodenBymidnightexceptfor4. 木马里满是希腊士兵。The horse was _ _ Greek soldiers. 5. 然而，一夜之间他们通过一个聪明的计谋成功地夺取了它。 However, _ _ _ they succeeded in _ it through a _ _ . 6. 去找人帮忙把它拉进来。Get some help and _ _ _ the city. fullofinonenightcapturingclever trickpullitinto7. 自从童年以来我从来没有这样笑过。 _ _ _ , I have never laughed _ _. 8. 他们锁上所有的大门，然后全都睡觉去了。They locked _ _ _ and all _ _ _. 9. 他们悄悄地一个接一个地爬出木马。They quietly _ _ _ the wooden horse _ _ _. my childhoodlikethisallSincethegateswenttosleepclimbedoutofonebyone10. 十年来，希腊人一直无法通过武力征服这个城市。 _ _ _ , the Greeks could not capture the city _ _. For10yearsbyfighting要要 点点 梳梳 理理【词汇精析词汇精析】【1】understand v. know sb. or sth. 理解理解; get the meaning of words,a language,a person,etc. 懂；理解懂；理解understand的过去式为understood，过去分词为understood。We should understand our parents. 我们应该理解我们的父母。【同根词】(1) misunderstand v. 误解My sister misunderstood me. 我的姐妹误解我了。(2) understanding n. 理解Thanks for your understanding. 谢谢你的理解。(3) misunderstanding n. 误解There is a misunderstanding between us. 我们之间有误会。【应用】(1) We need to have a talk in order not to _ (understand) each other. (2) I need your help and your _ (understand).misunderstandunderstanding【2】difference n. way in which two people or things are not the same 差别；不同（之处）差别；不同（之处）Whats the differences between the two cars？这两部车有什么不同?【同根词】(1) different adj. 不同的This bike is different from that one. 这辆自行车和那辆不一样。(2) differently adv. 不同地How could you have handled it differently? 你能以不同的方式完成它吗？【应用】They are twins, but they look _ (difference).different 【3】huge adj. extremely large 巨大的巨大的 There is a huge wooden horse in the square. 广场里有个巨大的木马。【拓展】huge=very large,多指面积、体积的巨大。There is a huge stone.=There is a very large stone. 有一块巨大的石头。【应用】( )The Sun is a huge star. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A. very small B. very wide C. very large C【4】celebrate v. enjoy oneself with festivals or parties for a happy or important day,event, etc. 庆祝；庆祝；庆贺庆贺 Dick celebrated his 60th birthday last Monday. 迪克上星期一庆祝了他的60岁生日。【同根词】celebration n. 庆祝There was a celebration in our house that night. 那天晚上我们在家里搞了个庆祝活动。【应用】He held a little_(celebrate) for his wifes birthday.【5】stupid adj. not clever,foolish or silly 笨的；笨的；傻的傻的Ill never do anything so stupid again. 我再也不会做这么愚蠢的事了。【拓展】stupid的近义词为foolish和silly。He is stupid.=He is foolish.=He is silly.他很笨。celebration【应用】( )I made a stupid mistake. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A. clever B. smart C. silly 【6】except prep. not including,but 除除之外之外 They were all there except me. 除了我以外，他们都在那里。【辨析】except, except for与besides (1) except意为“除了”，表示从整体中除去部分，主要用于排除同类。 CThey went to the park except me. 除了我以外，他们都去公园了。(2) except for意为“除之外”，表示于整体中除去部分，主要用于排除不同类。The movie was good except for the ending. 这部电影除了结尾之外都很好。(3) besides意为“除之外”，不是排除后面的部分而是包括后面的部分。Besides the two novels, I have bought two comics. 除了买了两本小说，我还买了两本漫画书。【应用】( )Your writing is good _ some spelling mistakes.A. except B. except for C. besides 【7】secret adj. something is known about by only a small number of people, and is not told or shown to anyone else 秘密的秘密的n. fact that is known by only a small number of people, and is not told to anyone else 秘密秘密 There is a secret door. 有一扇秘密的门。Dont tell the secret to others. 不要把秘密告诉别人。 B【同根词】secretly adv. 秘密地He went abroad secretly. 他秘密地出国了。【拓展】keep the secret 保守秘密You should keep our secret. 你要保守我们之间的秘密。【应用】They came into the city _ (secret). secretly【8】enter v. come or go in or into 进来；进入进来；进入 Knock before you enter. 进来前先敲门。【拓展】(1) enter=go into He entered the office.=He went into the office.他进入了办公室。(2) enter for=take part in 参加He entered for/took part in the 100-metre race. 他参加了100米短跑比赛。 【应用】(1) ( )They entered the city secretly. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A. came out of B. arrived C. went into (2) ( )They entered for the basketball game. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A. came out of B. arrived C. took part inCC【9】trick n. thing done in order to cheat or deceive sb. 计谋；统计计谋；统计v. cheat or deceive sb. 欺骗欺骗 It is just a trick. 这只是个小伎俩。【拓展】play a trick on sb.=play jokes on sb. 捉弄某人We should not play a trick on him.=We should not play jokes on him. 我们不应该捉弄他。【应用】( )It is impolite to play a trick on others. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A. play games with B. play jokes on C. play fun on B 【10】steal v. take something secretly without permission or legal right 偷；窃取偷；窃取steal的过去式和过去分词分别为stole, stolen。Thieves stole jewellery worth over 10,000. 窃贼偷走了价值1万多英镑的珠宝。【同根词】stolen adj. 被偷走的They found the stolen crown. 他们找到了被偷走的皇冠。【拓展】steal sth.from 从偷走He stole a book from the bookshop. 他从书店偷走了一本书。【应用】(1) The police finally found the_(steal) car. (2) ( )The thief stole some money _ the girl. A. from B. for C. to stolenA 【11】punish v. make sb. suffer in some way because they have done something wrong 处罚；惩罚处罚；惩罚My parents used to punish me by not letting me watch TV. 过去我父母常以不让我看电视来惩罚我。【同根词】punishment n. 惩罚You will get punishment if you do something wrong. 如果你做错了事，就会受到惩罚的。【应用】Too much _(punish) is useless. punishment 【12】in the end=at last=finally最后最后He tried various jobs and in the end became an account. 他尝试过各种各样的工作，最后当上了会计。【拓展】in the end=at last=finally 最后In the end, we succeeded.=At last, we succeeded.=Finally, we succeeded.最后，我们胜利了。【应用】( )They calmed down in the end. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A. finalB. at last C. at first B语语 法法 聚聚 焦焦【语法精讲语法精讲】现在完成时（二）现在完成时（二）1.带有since和for的现在完成时(1)我们可以在现在完成时的动词后加since+时间点或for+时间段。注意，只有持续性动词才能接since和for引导的时间短语，如live，keep，have等；短暂性动词则不能，如buy, borrow, die, join等。I have lived here for ten years.我住在这里有10年了。She has studied in this school since 2010.她从2010年开始就在这所学校中学习。He has bought the bike for a week.他买这辆自行车有一个礼拜了。(错误，bought应改为had)She has borrowed the book for two days.她借这本书两天了。(错误，borrowed应改为kept)(2)常见的短暂性动词与持续性动词间的转换。buyhave; borrowkeepdiebe deadopenbe open; closebe closedjoinbe in begin/startbe on go/leavebe away finish/stop/endbe overarrive/get to/come/reachbe in2. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别我们用现在完成时来描述过去发生的且对现在产生影响的事情；而一般过去时则只表示过去发生的事实。I have studied History for two years.我学了两年的历史了。I had a History lesson yesterday.我昨天上了历史课。I have learnt a lot about Greek history.我学了很多希腊历史。I read the story about the Trojan War last week.我上个星期读了个关于特洛伊战争的故事。 【直击中考直击中考】( )1. Among the four seas off the coast of China, East China Sea is the second _ .（2016广东）A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest( )2. There are _ many clubs in our school that I cant decide which one to enter.I _ a member of the dancing club over a year. Would like to join us?(2013深圳)A. such; have been B. so; have been C. such; have becomeD. so； have becomeCD( )3. Its said a pianist will perform at Poly Theater on Friday evening. Is it Lang Lang? Yes, it _ him. He _ for a week. (2012深圳)A. must be; has arrived here B. maybe; has been here C. must be; has been here D. maybe; has arrived hereC( )4. Have you ever _ an amusement park?Yes, I have. I _ Fun Times Amusement Park last year.(2014达州)A. been to; have gone to B. gone to; have been toC. go to; went to D. been to; went toD( )5. Are you going anywhere?I _ about visiting my sister, but I have changed my mind.(2014河南)A. thinkB. have thought C. will think D. thought( )6. I _ my home town for a long time. I really miss it. (2014黔西南)A. leftB. went away fromC. have leftD. have been away from DD【写作乐园写作乐园】 话题六话题六 描述特洛伊战争描述特洛伊战争【常用词组常用词组】1. leave sth.留下某物2. make mistakes 犯错误3. pullinto把拉进来4. go to sleep去睡觉5. be full of充满了6. climb out of从爬出来7. one by one一个接一个8. in one night一夜之间9. succeed in doing sth.成功做某事【精彩句型精彩句型】1. We made a big mistake. 我们犯了个大错误。2. The huge wooden horse was full of Greek soldiers.巨大的木马里满是希腊士兵。3. After the party, we locked all the gates of the city and went to sleep. 晚会之后，我们锁了所有城门然后就去睡觉了。4. They climbed out of the horse one by one secretly. 他们一个接一个偷偷地爬出木马。5. In one night, they succeeded in capturing the city through a clever trick. 一夜之间，他们通过一个聪明的计谋成功夺取了城市。【短文写作短文写作】假设你是特洛伊战争中的一名士兵， 多年后，你向你的家人讲述那晚发生的事情。请根据下面的要点内容，就此写一篇短文。内容包括: 1. 我们拉木马进广场； 2. 我们在广场庆祝； 3. 希腊士兵从木马中爬出来； 4. 希腊士兵打开城门，并夺取了城市。要求：语意连贯，条理清晰，不少于70词。_【写作指导写作指导】此篇作文以特洛伊战争为主线，主要谈论特洛伊战争的经历。写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标谈论特洛伊战争的经历。在写作过程中要明确以下几点：1. 主要用一般过去时态；2. 用第一人称；3. 适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、流畅。【范文赏析范文赏析】 The Greeks left a huge wooden horse outside our main gate. We made a big mistake. We pulled it into the square and celebrated at night. After the party, we locked all the gates of the city and went to sleep. We didnt know that the huge wooden horse was full of Greek soldiers. They climbed out of the horse one by one secretly. Then, they opened the main gates of the city and the Greek army entered the city. In one night, they succeeded in capturing the city through a clever trick.
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