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人教版英语精品资料（精修版）Unit 3 A Healthy Life第一部分教学设计说明About the topic and the structures单元话题和结构本单元的话题是“A healthy life/ 健康生活”，讲的是“吸烟、爱滋病、身心健康”等问题，目的是使学生理解“健康是一种完全的, 生理上的，心理上的和社会关系上的良好状态，不仅仅意味者没有疾病或者不虚弱。”本单元句法项目是“it的用法”。教学设计在单元课时划分上与课本保持一致，即“阅读课、知识课、运用课三课时/三课型划分”。但在实际教学过程中，我们建议教师依据学生基础、教学条件、学校安排的因素，对课本、对教学设计重新划分课时、裁剪、拼接使用我们提供的材料，以便“物尽所用”，达到最佳教学效果。教师也可以参照我们提出的“实际教学过程课时划分建议”进行教学。Period 1Reading 阅读课Warming Up 引导学生反思和分享他们对“健康生活”的看法，教师可以从环境健康、营养学、疾病预防和公共健康事务方面引导学生Pre-reading 要求学生回答几个有关“吸烟”的问题，教师可以补充：我国是世界上最大的烟草生产国和消费国，烟草生产量占世界总量的三分之一；目前有吸烟者3.5亿，占全球吸烟总人数的三分之一。人群吸烟率上升；青少年吸烟问题严重，烟民呈年轻化趋势；公众对吸烟危害的基本知识缺乏了解；被动吸烟率高；戒烟成功的比例非常低。烟草使用对我国居民的健康产生了严重的影响。目前每年约有100万人死于与吸烟相关的疾病，预计到2050年将增至每年300万人。Reading“爷爷的忠告”是篇书信。教师应当引导学生从形式和内容两方面阅读本文，提高对吸烟危害的认识。（根据WHO的估计，全球每年有500万人死于吸烟导致的肺癌，其中有100万人发生在中国，所以烟草是中国人民健康的主要杀手。）Period 2Learning about language 知识课Learning about language第一部分是词法训练，强化学生对本单元重点词汇、短语的掌握和实用；第二部分是句法训练，进一步强化学生对英语“it”的理解和运用。Period 3Using language运用课Using language重点是阅读“HIV/ 爱滋病：你处于危险中么？”，让学生明白：艾滋病就是人体免疫系统被一种叫做HIV（人类免疫缺陷病毒）的病毒所破坏，因此身体丧失了抵抗力，不能与那些对生命威胁的病菌战斗，从而使人体发生多种不可治愈的感染和肿瘤，最后致被感染者死亡的一种严重的传染病；爱滋病毒主要是经由性行为传染、血液传染及母子垂直感染，但爱滋病毒不会从一般公共场所或日常生活接触中得到，即使和感染者一起游泳，也不会感染。实际教学过程课时划分建议Period 1将Warming Up、 Pre-reading、Reading和Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。Period 2将Learning about language 和Workbook中的 USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS、USING STRUCTURES 整合在一起上一节“语言知识课”。Period 3将Using language 设计为一节包括听说读写单项技能或组合技能训练的“综合技能课（一）”。Period 4将Workbook 的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING整合在一起上一节“听说课”。Period 5将Workbook 的LISTENING TASK、READING AND WRITING TASK和 SPEAKING TASK整合为一节“综合技能课（二）”。第二部分教学资源说明Section 1Background 背景围绕单元话题“健康生活”我们提供了若干实用性背景材料。这些材料既可以作为教师教学参考材料为教师所用，也可以直接或改写、重组后作为课堂内外的拓展性阅读材料呈现给学生。Section 2Explanation解析重点针对“阅读课型”中的课文难句，我们提供了详尽的，就句论句的解析和翻译，并且以解析的焦点话题为线索，进行了一定的归纳、辨析和总结，以帮助教师更好地实施“语言形式”的教学。Section 3Vocabulary词汇按照课本单元词汇表顺序，我们重点提供动词、短语搭配的讲解。所提供的例句，经典、地道、实用、易懂，完全可以直接用于教学。第三部分教学测评说明围绕单元词法、句法项目，我们提供了长短不一的“单元教学测评”，并备有参考答案供教师使用。有些测评题目直接源于历年高考试卷，更具有说服力和实用性。Part 1 Teaching Design第一部分 教学设计Period 1 A sample lesson plan for reading(A healthy life)IntroductionIn this period, after the warming up, students will pre-reading the text by getting to know about the five keys for quitting. Then they shall be reading the text by a process of reading aloud to the recording, underlining and jotting down expressions, reading to decide on the type of writing and summary of the text and retelling the text. They will read beyond the text. And the class is to end by students having a test. Three “Warming Up” designs are presented in this book for teachers reference. Computer and overhead projector may be used to aid the teaching and learning. Objectives To help students learn to express prohibition, warning and permission To help students learn to read a letter about healthy life To help students better understand “living a healthy life” To help students learn to use some important words and expressions To help students identify examples of “it” in the textFocusWordsstress, manage, quit, weaken, kissExpressions due to, addicted to, accustomed to, decide on, in spite of, feel like doing, take risks, at risk, get into, stand forPatterns It may help you to stop.Its amazing thatIm still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon. By the way, did you know there are three different ways you can become addicted?But I did finally manage. I knew it was time to quit smoking.AidsMultimedia facilities, tape-recorder, photos, diagrams Procedures1. Warming up Warming up by discussing How are you, boys and girls? Today we shall read about smoking. Do you smoke? Do your parents smoke? Lets fall into groups of four and discuss about the health effects of smoking. Lets try to list all the possible problems that might be caused by smoking.Tobacco use plays a role in many diseases which ultimately lead to death or disability. With over 4000 chemical compounds present in the inhaled smoke, several of which are known carcinogens, its no wonder that the effects of smoking are so destructive.What are the two big diseases you think of being related to smoking? Chances are they are lung cancer and emphysema, neither of which is the number one killer of smokers. Heart disease holds first place. Researchers report that worldwide, there were 1,690,000 premature deaths from cardiovascular disease among smokers in the year 2000. In contrast, there were “only” 850,000 lung cancer deaths from smoking in the same year.Warming up by listing steps to living a long healthy lifeHow are you today? Not fine? Why? Then before we take this new unit A healthy life, lets first think and list some steps to living a long healthy life.Step 1: Give your body the energy it needs. Step 2: Stay physically active.Step 3: A healthy mind is part of a healthy body.Step 4: Keep your mind and body free of harmful drugs and alcohol.Step 5: Practice safe living habitsStep 6: Get regular health care. Warming up by going over the vocabulary listBe fore we read the text on page 18, we shall go over the vocabulary list for this unit on page 91. We shall make a story out of the words and expressions. 2. Pre-reading by getting to know about the five keys for quitting Before you read the text I shall tell you how I managed to quit smoking years ago. I think there are five keys for quitting smoking, that is: Get ready. Get support. Learn new skills and behaviors. Get medication and use it correctly. Be prepared for relapse or difficult situations.3. Reading Reading aloud to the recordingPlease turn to page 19. Read the four discussion questions first. Keep them in mind. Now listen to and read to the recording of the text ADVICE FROM GRANDAD 爷爷的忠告. Pay attention to your pronunciation, making your reading aloud as close to the readers as possible.Underlining and jotting down expressions Reading the text and jotting down useful expressions is a very effective way to learn English. Keep a running list of new expressions, and review it several times throughout the day. The key to learning vocabulary in a foreign language is review. Try using your new words and expressions or phrases with your classmates or teachers. Ask them to repeat the words you have learned, so you can get used to hearing the ways other people pronounce them. Now start reading the text and jotting down the expressions useful to you.Useful phrases from ADVICE FROM GRANDADbecome addicted to, become accustomed to., feel happy or relaxed, become bad-tempered, do the same thing over and over again, become mentally/ physically addicted to, know about harmful effects of smoking, do terrible damage to, become pregnant, affect the health of non-smokers, smell terrible, turn yellow, enjoy sport, be taken off, quit smoking, findon the Internet, decide on, make a list of, get benefits from, throw away the last packet of cigarettes, prepare oneself, smoke a cigarette, remindthat, break the habit, clean ones teeth, keep ones mind busy, feel nervous/ stressed, reach for, try deep breathing, learn some relaxation exercises, feel bad Reading to decide on the type of writing and summary of the textGo over the text once more for the type of writing, main idea of the text and main idea for each paragraph.Type of writingThis is a piece of narrative writing, a letter in fact. Main idea of the passageThe writer writes to persuade his grandson out of smoking and give him some advice found on the Internet. Main idea of 1st para.My long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.Main idea of 2nd para.There are three different ways you can become addicted to nicotine.Main idea of 3rd para.You can become physically, habitually and mentally addicted.Main idea of 4th para.Then I knew it was time to quit smoking.Main idea of 5th para.I am sending you some advice found on the Internet.Main idea of 6th para. (the advice from the Internet)How can I stop smoking?Prepare yourself; Be determined; Relax; Get help from others; Keep trying.Making a diagram of the textGo over the text again to draw a diagram to show its organization and its meanings. Advice from Grandadgrandsongrandadbecome addicted to cigarettes nowlive an active and healthy life nowonce addicted to smokingways to be addicted to smokingphysically addicted; habitually addicted; mentally addictedways to give up smokingrealize the harmful effect of smokingcant run fastyellow fingersmell terribleaffect the non-smokers healthhard to become pregnantbad for heart and lungsRetelling the text Retelling strengthening your understanding of the text and gives you a wonderful chance to practice communicating in English. Now lets go on to retell the letter with the help of the phrases and expressions underlined and jotted down. 4. Reading beyond the textNext I am going to show you an article from the Internet about teens smoking. Read and take notes of the facts useful to you.5. Closing down by having a testFill in the blank with one word to complete the summary of the text.It is said that there are about half 1_ people in China are smoking. Many young 2 _ and girls have the habit of smoking, 3 _ they are middle school students. As 4 _ all know, smoking does great harm to 5 _ beings. More and more people have 6 _ to realize how serious this problem is. But they 7 _ never bored with it. Some people think it is a 8 _ of fashion, some think it is of 9 _ fun and others think that smoking can refresh 10 _. Smoking causes many illnesses. A lot 11 _ people always cough because of smoking. 12 _ most serious illness caused by 13 _ is lung cancer. Meanwhile smoking is a 14 _ of money. Besides, careless smokers may 15 _ dangerous fires. In order to keep 16 _, we should get rid of the bad habit of smoking. Please stop smoking at once.（Keys: 1 of 2 boys 3 though 4 we 5 human 6 come 7 are 8 kind 9 great 10 themselves 11 of 12 The 13 smoking 14 waste 15 cause 16 healthy）Answer the following questions about smoking.Q. Whats the best way to quit smoking? A. The way that works! No two people are alike. Thats why you must find the method for quitting smoking that works for YOU. If every method or product worked for everybody, you probably would have quit by now.Q. What happens to my body when I quit? Will it ever heal to the point where my health is equal to a person who never smoked? A. Your body is a wondrous creation that has the ability to correct many of the harmful things you do to it. Read this short article in our information section for details on how quickly your body recovers.Q. Im concerned about gaining weight when I quit. What can I do to avoid weight gain? A. Weight gain is a problem for many quitters. However, smoking will probably do much more damage to your body and health than gaining a few extra pounds. Read the article, Avoiding Weight Gain When You Quit Smoking for tips to help you. Also, check out our various products to assist you in keeping the weight off.Q. How do I know when I have truly quit smoking? A. This is a very subjective question. Each person is very different so each person will have a different answer. If you have a very addictive personality you may find that the desire to smoke stays with you for years. Some ex-smokers report cravings years after quitting. On the other hand, some people just know that they have quit forever after only a couple of days, and they never look back.
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