牛津译林版英语 八年级下册Unit3-4 知识点学案 练习

牛津译林版英语 八年级下册Unit3-4 知识点学案 练习 牛津译林八年级下册Unit3-Unit4 知识点讲解+学习 知识点一 U3-4重要词汇知识点归纳 【知识梳理】 what to do with=how to deal with 如何处理. 疑问词在句中怎么做题？ 疑问词+to do where to go which one to buy (2) 疑问词+ 陈述语序 I dont know what you are making now. what to do how to do it as形容词/副词 原型as one can= as形容词/副词 原型as possible尽可能做某事as far as I could 尽我所能的远 Asas不如not as/so as the same as 与一样 the same size as. the same colour as. It is not as difficult as I thought 这没有我想象的那么难。 3. be tied to 被绑在. tie tying lie lying die dying 4.continue doing sth持续做某事continue to do sth go on doing sth =carry on doing sth = carry on with sth 5.manage to do sth设法做某事 = succeed in doing sth 6. tooto 太而不能 You are never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老 Sb + be +adj. +enough to do sth有足够的做某事 My grandma started using Weibo at the age of 80. She always says its never_ old to learn. tooB. soC. enough D. quite 答案：A They were _ busy _ with each other to remember the time. enough; talking B. enough; to talkC. too; talkingD. too; to talk 答案：C 7.have been to(次数) 曾经到过某地 have gone to (Where) 去了某地人不在 have been in (How long) 在某地呆了多久 8. be on business 出差 to run a business 经营一家企业 none of your business 不关你的事 support from local businesses 9. 搭乘直达航班take a direct fight to. a direct high-speed train to 直达的高铁 I will take a direct high-speed train to Hangzhou to see you tonight. further on 再往前走 further study持续深造 go aboard for further study 出国深造 cant walk any further 再也走不动了 far-farther (距离远近) further 程度 would you mind doing/sth? mind doing sthmind ones doing sth (介意某人做某事)mind not doing sth Would you mind my smoking here?你介意我在这儿抽烟吗？ 不介意 Of course not. 介意的 Of course.Youd better not. -Do you mind me_ in the dining hall? -Sorry. Its not_. A. smoking; allowedB. smoking; allow C. to smoke; allowD. to smoke; allowed 答案：A 【例题精讲】 例1.The young man kept _ the little boy _ away from the big dog. A.to warn, keepingB.to warn, to keepC. warning, keepingD. warning, to keep 例2.Excuse me, could you please help me carry the box? -_. A. Never mindB. With pleasureC. Of course notD. My pleasure 例3.The boy sleeping with his eyes _ is my _ friend. A. closed, closeB. close, closedC. close, closeD. closed, closed 例4.Anna dances, _, if not better than, Lily. A.so wellB.as well asC.so well asD.as well 例5.-I cant believe you have finished the work. -My friends helped me. Just as the saying goes, “_. A. Practice makes perfectB. Burn the candles at both ends C. Many hands make light workD. Put all your eggs in one basket 答案：DBABC 【课堂学习】 A.请依据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意，写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。 1.Miss Wu is always patient enough to spend her time _(解释) to the students after class. 2.The more books you read, the richer _ you will get. 3.Take my advice and you will _(prevent something bad from happening) causing problems. 4.-How was your last trip to Hainan? -It was _(wonderful, amazing). I enjoyed myself. 5.Im strongly _ smoking because its harmful to our health. 答案： explaining/knowledge/avoid/fantastic/against 知识点二 Grammar 【知识梳理】 一、疑问词加动词不定式 (1) 句法功能： “ wh-词不定式 主要用作宾语或者宾语补足语，跟在动词decide, forget, advise, discuss, remember, understand, think, teach等之后。 疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词。常用的疑问代词有：what;which;who;whom;whose. 疑问副词有：where,when,why;how e.g.: We must think what to do. I cant decide whom to invite. Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw. 除用作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语等。 e.g.: When to leave has not been decided.何时离开还没有决定。 The question is how to find him.问题是如何找到他。 (2) 注意点： 假设动词不定式的动词为不及物动词，必须要加上后面的介词。 e.g. Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book. I dont know who to turn to for help when I have problems. 原则上说，why后不接不定式： 误：Kitty explained why to be late for school. 正：Kitty explained why she was late for school. 不过假设不定式不带to，则可用why。 e.g.: Why not go there at once? Why argue with her? 但这类结构通常只用于谈论现在和将来，不用于谈论过去。 误：Why not clean the room yesterday? 正：Why didnt you clean the room yesterday? (3) how用于该结构的注意点： 有些动词后接“how不定式作宾语时，how可以省略： e.g.: Did you learn (how) to drive a car?你学过开车吗？ 但是，有些动词后面接“疑问词how不定式作宾语时，无论其中的how在汉语中无必须译出，但不能将how省略。 e.g.: He knows how to play the piano. He showed her how to swim. (4)“疑问词十不定式结构可以和复合句转换。 e.g.: He asked where he would go shopping after supper. He asked where to go shopping after supper. 二、be+adj.+enough+to do sth.表示“某人、某物足够做某事 例如：Im tall enough to reach the top of the tree. 【拓展句型】be+adj.+enough+for sb.+to do sth.表示对某人来说“某人、某物足够做某事 1. enough作形容词，意思是“足够的;充分的。作定语置于被修饰的名词前后均可，前置时强调enough，后置时强调被修饰词。如： Five men will be quite enough. I have enough books now. = I have books enough now. 2. enough作副词的意思是 “十分地;充分地;足够地;充足地，置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后，常与不定式或介词for连用 ，在句子中作状语，表示程度。如： Mum, I think Im well enough to get back to school. 【拓展】 enough作感叹词时意思是“够了;停止;住手;不要再持续了，用以表达不耐烦或恼怒。如： Youve been practicing the violin all afternoon. Enough! 三、too.to.结构和用法 (1). too. to.表示“太而不能。too 的后面接形容词或副词的原级，to 的后面接动词原形。too. to.句型是简单句。如： He is too young to join the army. (2). too. to. 结构表达肯定的意义 . too 前面含有表示否定意义的词，如: not, never, nothing等时，too. to. 结构不表示否定的意义。如： It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。(要学永远都不迟。) . too后接表示感情的形容词，如glad, pleased, happy, sad等时，too. to.句型不再表示否定意义，而表示的是肯定意义。例如： He is too sad to hear the bad news. (2)too. to. 结构与enough.to. 结构的互相转换 将too.to.结构转换为enough. to. 结构时，要注意： .enough 前的形容词或副词应是too前面形容词或副词的反义词； . enough. to. 句式须用否定式； 如：She is too young to do the work. = She isnt old enough to do the work. 四、It is +adj. +to do sth.做事怎么样 在此句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式部分，由于主语较长，为了避免头重脚轻，用it做形式主语。有时it还可作为形式宾语，代替较长的宾语部分。 如：It is great to be with you. I find it interesting to watch the action film. 拓展句型：It is +n.+to do sth. 如：It is a good idea to have a shower now. It is +adj. +for sb.+to do sth.对某人来说做事怎么样 此结构是一个陈述句, 表示说话人对客观事件的决断, 比较正式。这类形容词有difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous,(im)possible等。?如： Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. Its difficult for us to finish the work. It is +adj. +of sb.+to do sth.对某人来说做事怎么样 此句型在英语中运用较为频繁,尤其在口语中。该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、后悔、难过等感叹情绪，其实相当于感叹句。 如： Its very kind of you to help me. 该句型中用作表语的形容词常见的有如下几类: (1) 表示聪慧或愚蠢的形容词,有clever, wise, foolish, stupid, silly等, 如: Its silly of him to do such a thing. (2) 表示正确或错误的形容词,有 right, wrong, correct, incorrect 等, 如: It was right of her not to come here. (3) 表示好坏等品性的形容词,此类词较多,有 good, nice, kind, sweet, friendly, lovely等, 如: Its friendly of you to come and see me. (4) 表示褒义或贬义色彩的形容词,有brave, polite, careless, selfish等,如: It was brave of you to manage to do it. 【补充】of sb. 的句型通常都可转换为不定式作状语的句子。 ?Its very nice of you to offer me a seat. = You are nice to offer me a seat. 十分感谢你给我让座。 ?It is careless of him to lose so many things. ?= He is careless to lose so many things. 他丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了。 【例题精讲】 例1: The purpose of the talk is to teach the students rules of eating.(对划线部分提问) _ the _ of the talk? 例2:He also knew the truth.(改为否定句) He _ know the truth, _. 例3:The box isnt light enough for him to carry.(改为同义句) The box is _ _ for him to carry. 例4:Hes just back home, _ _?(改为反义疑问句) 例5:The film was very boring. I fell asleep at last.(合并为一句) It was _ a boring film_ I fell asleep at last. 答案：1. Whats, purpose 2. didnt, either 3. too heavy4.isnt, he5.such, that 课堂学习 请依据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。 success Germany ugly he polite -What language do _ speak? -They speak German. After the car accident, the young man found _ unable to move when he woke up. The Harry Potter series is _ translated into about 70 languages. The design is much _ than we expected. The little boy is not as _ as he used to be and he is willing to share everything with others. 答案：Germans/himself/successfully/uglier/impolite 请依据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。 tie not be wake join work Simon _ in Nanjing for ten years, but he has come back to Shanghai recently. If you _ careless, your mother will be happy. There is no need to turn off the radio. The baby _ up now. Daniel _ his books with ropes when I came into his room. -_ Lily _ our discussion this afternoon? -Yes, she is. 答案：worked/arent/has waken/was tying/Is going to join 首字母填空 Nowadays, WeChat is becoming more and more p_1_ in China. No matter where we are，we can send text or voice m_2_ to our friends. We can also find a stranger to talk to by s_3_ the phoneAnother funny function作用 is that WeChat can help to s_4_ for people nearby with the program on. Many people like this function, because it can help them to find more people who they may know. In my opinion. WeChat is really a u_5_ chatting tool. It can help people communicate with their friends more e_6_. However，it is also bad for people, especially for students. As you see, some people use WeChat for A too long. It is not healthy to them. So I have some advice to use it in a c_7_ way. First, we should not use it when we are studying. We cant focus on our study if we use it. Second, we must be careful. We should n_8_ show too much personal information nor trust 相信 strangers so much. We should learn how to use it p_9_. Remember that we should p_10_ ourselves when we use it. 1._2._3._4._5._ 6._7._8._9._10._ 答案：1.popular 2. messages3. shaking4. search 5. useful 6. easily7.correct8. neither 9. properly 10. protect 课后学习 单项选择题 1.-What do you think of _ film “Operation Red Sea? -Oh, what _ exciting film! Id like to see it again. A. the, a B. the, anC. a, theD. a, an 2.-Can I walk _ the road now, Mum? -No, you mustnt. You have to wait _ the light turns green. A. cross, forB. across, forC. cross, untilD. across, until 3.-_ will they do with the waste paper? -Oh, they are having a discussion about _ to reuse it. A. What, howB. How, whatC. How, howD. What, what 4.Sandy has _ for five years. Five years _ a long time. A. left home, isB. been away from home, is C. left home, areD. been away from home, are 5._ good advice she gave me _ how to make a book report! A. How, onB. What a, onC. What, aboutD. How, about 6.-Would you mind me _ here? -_. Let me take my bag away. A.to sit, Better notB. sitting, Im afraid not C. sitting, Not at allD.to sit, I hope so 7.-How do you keep in touch with friends? -We _ write to each other, but we _ on now. A. used to, are used to chatB. used to, are used to chatting C. are used to, used to chatD. are used to, used to chatting 8.I have spent _ on this job. I think I can finish it _ this afternoon. A. sometime, sometimesB. sometimes, some time C. some time, sometimeD.some times, some time 9.-Must I hand in my report now? -No, you _. You may _ tomorrow. A. mustnt, hand it inB. mustnt, hand in itC. neednt, hand in itD. neednt, hand it in 10.Its said that two years _ since the old man _. A. has passed, has diedB. has passed, died C. have passed, diedD. have passed, has died 答案：15: BDABC 610: CBCDB 第 18 页 共 18 页文章源于网络整理，侵权及时告知删除。（Word格式，可编辑）