高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 题型强化训练 专题二 完型填空 第2课时 夹叙夹议类完形填空课件

第第2课时夹叙夹议类完形填空课时夹叙夹议类完形填空怎么考夹叙夹议类完形填空的特点是：作者先叙述一个事件，然后提出自己的见解或揭示内含哲理，或是作者边叙述边议论，揭示社会现象等，耐人寻味。此类完形填空考查学生综合运用英语的能力，还考查学生理解全文、把握主旨、甚至文章内涵的能力。怎么学对于夹叙夹议类的完形填空，在平时的阅读训练中，学会抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理。同时还要把叙和议有机地结合起来，不可把叙述与议论分割开来，只顾选某个部分的答案，而没有注意到事件与论点之间的关系。怎么解1.通读全文，了解作者叙述的事件或人生经历，把握作者要揭示的真理。2.利用各种完形填空解题策略，理清逻辑，全面验证。策略二完形填空解题五技巧一、利用原词复现，寻找近义词语“词语同现”，也有人称之为“词场”。同现词之间有同义、反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等，如differently与in difference；different与same，similar；cruel与friendly；ill与pale，patient，doctor，operation等，根据此相关信息确定答案。完形填空试题中，有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。在阅读文章的过程中，有时也会发现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或近义词。因此要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理地推测判断，选出正确答案。【典例剖析】1.(2016全国卷)43(Yet) they feel they can know you 44(just) from the sound of your voice.Thats how powerful the_45_is.Powerful，yes，but not always 46(accurate).For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone.45.A.telephone B.voice C.connection D.impression答案A由上文中的just from the sound of your voice和下文中的only by telephone可知，人们可以通过电话了解你。2.(2015四川卷)I carefully extended a long_18_，with a keen eye on those teeth，and 19(before long)，there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit，both munching(津津有味地咀嚼)on carrots.18.A.squirrel B.rabbit C.peanut D.carrot答案Dsquirrel 松鼠； rabbit 兔子；peanut 花生；carrot 胡萝卜。根据下文的both munching(津津有味地咀嚼) on carrots可知选择D。3.(2015福建卷)Unfortunately，it took a horrible accident to change her 41(attitude).Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost 42(impossible) to deal with was that the day before the _43_，Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44(choice) of boyfriends，the way she was living，the way she related to her mother，and various other things she felt she needed to 45(express).43.A.occasion B.event C.accident D.adventure答案C根据上文可知，在这场事故之前，Kerry拜访了她的朋友。二、利用首句信息，通过“主旨大意”解题在完形填空的解题中，考生对主旨大意的理解十分重要，记叙文中情节发展的走向始终体现文章的中心思想。因此，对主旨大意的正确把握有助于考生对文章细节的正确理解，特别是对长难句的分析和突破，从而提高解题的正确率。【典例剖析】(2014福建卷)From my second grade on，there was one event I feared every year：the piano recital(独奏演唱会).A recital _36_ I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers.Each year I 37(would) ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this once”.And each year hed shake his head，muttering(嘀咕) 38(something) about building self-confidence and working towards a 39(goal).36.A.reflected B.explainedC.meant D.proved答案C该段一开头就提出了作者许久以来一直担心的事情是独奏音乐会，可见“From my second grade on，there was one event I feared every year：the piano recital.”是主题句。根据句中的feared可知，独奏音乐会意味着作者需要演奏令人厌烦无聊的音乐曲目，这个意思需要和该段的首句所表达的意思保持一致。这样，联系主题句是该题解题的关键所在。三、寻找暗示信息，重视语境意义完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解。所以考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑地推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有暗示，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。这种情况多出现在文章展开之后，这时前文已经含有丰富的语境信息，设空和前文有逻辑的或语境的联系，这样空前的信息就成为解题的根据。解题时一定要善于捕捉这些重要的信息，以达到解题的目的。【典例剖析】1.(2016全国卷)51(approaching) the vehicle，they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to stay _52_until the emergency personnel arrived，53(but) she thought the car was going to 54(explode).Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55(in case) she injured her neck.52.A.quiet B.stillC.away D.calm答案B由上一句中的was trying to get out of the broken window和55空之前的“should not move”这一信息词可以推断他们告诉这个妇女要保持静止不动(still)。2.(2014湖北卷)That evening，41(however)，we learned about the canyon 42(winds).They were strong and cold，rocking our little camping truck violently，and we lay _43_ in the dark until the winds died away.43.A.shaking B.quarrelling C.mourning D.aching答案A在完形填空的解题中，运用空前信息解题是最常用的解题方法之一。原文中空前的“They were strong and cold.”说明风很大很冷，由此推之，作者家人躺在黑暗里当然会因为寒冷而浑身发抖。四、识别语篇标志，理清逻辑关系语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志”。如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有firstly，secondly，thirdly，finally等；表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有thus，therefore，so等；表示改变话题的语篇标志语有by the way等；表示递进关系的语篇标志语有besides，whats more，furthermore等；表示时间关系的语篇标志语有before，so far，yet，meanwhile，later等；表示转折关系的语篇标志语有but，while，on the other hand，although等。在做完形填空时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。【典例剖析】(2013全国卷)For those people，he is “Gloves” Greenberg.How did he get that 38(name)？He looks like any other businessman，wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase(公文箱).But hes _39_.His briefcase always has some gloves.39.A.calm B.different C.crazy D.curious答案B逻辑推理题。前面一句提到他看起来像其他的商人，此处用but表示转折，暗示他和其他商人是不同的(different)。故选B。五、巧用背景常识，简化判断过程完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，有时渗透着相关的如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，应积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是要注意中西文化的差异。【典例剖析】1.(2015北京卷)Dario and his mother loved their new apartment.The living room was large enough for their piano.That night, the two of them _36_ side by side at the piano.36.A.sat B.stood C.lay D.walked答案A此处是指他们两人肩并肩地坐在钢琴旁，故选A。2.(2015重庆卷)When Alice was sixteen，I was the one who wanted to run away from home.It was _16_ to see the changes coming over her.She skipped school，and refused to communicate.I tried being firm，but it didnt 17(work).I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter.16.A.pleasant B.painful C.unwise D.inspiring 答案B家长看到女儿正在发生的变化逃学、拒绝交流自然是非常痛苦的。painful“痛苦的”，符合语境。3.(2013四川卷)When I was just 20 months old，I suffered serious 13(burns) after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head.I was_14_ to hospital and had to stay there for weeks，while the doctors_15_ to save my life.“Hollys very 16(lucky) to be alive，” they told Mum and Dad.“But shell be 17(left) with scars on her head，and of course her hair wont grow there.”14.A.rushedB.led C.invited D.forced答案A背景常识题。在孩子受伤之后，肯定会被快速送到医院去。rush急忙地送(到某地)，符合语境。lead带领，体现不出急迫程度；invite邀请；force强迫，都不符合语境。故选A。15.A.learned B.fought C.returned D.decided答案B背景常识题。急诊病人被送进医院，医生定会竭尽全力抢救。故选B。