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Unit 13 Were trying to save the earth!一、教学目标：1. 语言知识目标基本词汇：litter, advantage, bottom, fisherman, coal, ugly, cost, wooden, plastic, takeaway, bin, shark, fin, method, cruel. Harmful, chain, ecosystem, industry, law, scientific, afford, reusable, transportation, recycle, napkin, upside, gate, bottle, president, inspiration, iron, work, metal, creativity, 基本词组：be harmful to, at the top(of sth.), take part in, turn off, take action, throw away, put sth. to good use, pull down, bring back基本句型：Were trying to save the earth! The river used to be so clean. The air is badly polluted. No scientific studies have showed that shark fins are good for health. We should help save the sharks. 2. 技能目标： 能准确使用现在实行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和used to 句型。3. 情感目标： 有环境危机意识，学会注重环境保护环境。二、教学重难点： 1. 教学重点：（1）能准确使用现在实行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和used to 句型。 （2）保护环境的措施方法。2. 教学难点：能准确使用现在实行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和used to 句型。三、教学步骤：Section A 1 (1a-2d)I. PresentationShow the picture of the earth and tell students the earth is polluted now. For example： (1) The factories that burn coal pollute the air with a lot of black smoke.(2) Factories put waste into the river.(3) People should throw away litter in the bin. (4)There are more cars on the road.II. LearningHere are some words related to different kinds of pollution. Write them in the box below. Then add more words.loud music cars rubbish planes littering ships factories smoking building houses mobile phonesnoise pollution air pollution water pollution _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _III. Listening1. 1b Listen and complete the sentences.What was the problem?The river was _. Even the bottom (底部) of the river was full of _. There were no more _ for fishermen (渔民) to catch.What caused the problem?People are throwing _ into the river. Factories are putting _ into the river.How should the problem be solved?We should write to the _ and ask them to _ the factories. Everyone should help to _ the river.Keys: really dirty rubbish fish litter waste governmentclose down clean up2. Listen again and check () the sentences you hear.1) We could go fishing in the river.2) The river was really dirty.3) The river has always been the nicest river in this town.4) We should ask the teachers for help.Keys: 2 3 IV. Practice1. Role-play the conversation in 1c.Mark: The river was dirty. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.Tony: But it used to be so clean!Mark: Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river.Tony: Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up!2. Make conversations using the pollution in 1a.A: The river has always been the nicest river in this town.B: Yes, it used to be so clean.A: But I was there last weekend and the river was really dirty.B: What caused the problem?A: People are throwing litter into the river.B: What should we do?A: Factories are also putting waste into the river.B: Yes, everyone in this town should play a part.A: We should write to the government and ask them to close down the factories.B: What else can we do?A: Everyone should help to clean up the river.V. Language points1. Were trying to save the earth! 我们正在竭尽全力拯救地球! try to do =try ones best to do 努力去做某事。 e.g. Every student should try to study hard in order to study in a university.2. Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution. be related to 与有关 e.g.I am notrelatedtohim in any way. 我和他无任何关系。 3. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up! play a part in 在方面起作用 e.g. A good diet plays a large part in helping people live longer.play a part 在中扮演角色 e.g. He was invited to play a part in this TV play. 他被邀请参加这个电视剧的演出。4. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river.litter 和 rubbish 都可指“垃圾”，用作不可数名词。rubbish 指“没用的东西(被扔或将要丢弃的无用的东西)”不可回收。litter 指“(室内或公共场所)乱扔的废物(纸屑、不要的包装纸、废瓶等)”还可回收e.g. Throw the rubbish out. 把垃圾扔出去。 The room is full of rubbish. 房间里堆满了垃圾。 Pick up your litter after a picnic. 野餐后将废弃物收拾好。 VI. Listening1. 2a Listen to the interview. Circle the kinds of pollution that Jason and Susan talk about.A. land pollution B. air pollutionC. noise pollution D. water pollutionKeys: B A2. 2b Listen again and complete the sentences.1) The air is badly polluted because there are _ on the road these days.2) Factories that burn coal also _ the air with a lot of black smoke.3) There is also too much rubbish and waste. People _ things every day.4) People are also littering in _ like parks. This is turning beautiful places into ugly (丑陋) ones. Keys: more cars pollute are throwing away public places3. Listen and answer the questions.1) Who is the interviewer talking to?2) What are they talking?3) What other problems do they see?Keys: Susan and Jason.The environmental problems.Theres too much rubbish and waste in the streets.VII. Practice (2c)Use the information in 2a and 2b to role-play conversations between Jason and Susan.Jason: The air has become really polluted around here. Im getting very worried.Susan: Yes, I used to be able to see stars in the sky.Jason: The problem is that VIII. DiscussionAsk students what we should do to save the earth. Help students answer, turn off thelights when you leave a room; stop riding in cars; stop using paper towels or napkins; recycle books and paper.IX. Reading1. Read 2d and complete the chart.ProblemsSolving problemsair pollutionwaste pollutionwooden (木头的) chopsticks or plastic forksrubbish2. Role-play the conversation.Interviewer: Jason and Susan, what are your ideas for solving these problems?Jason: Well, to cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.Susan: Yeah, or ride a bike. There are other advantages (优点) of bike riding. Its good for health and it doesnt cost (花费) anything!Interviewer: Great ideas! What about waste pollution?Susan: Mmm, I think simple things like bringing a bag to go shopping can help. I started doing that a year ago.Jason: Me, too. Also, I never take wooden chopsticks or plastic (塑料) forks when I buy takeaway (外卖食品) food. I use the ones at home.Susan: And remember to throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone.Interviewer: So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future!X. Summary and language points1. This is turning beautiful places into ugly ones. turn into 把变成e.g. The icy rain seemed like to turn into snow. 渐渐地冻雨又变成雪花的模样。 2. Its good for health and it doesnt cost anything! cost v. 花费；使付出 指花费金钱，主语通常是物。cost的过去式和过去分词均为cost。 e.g. The new shirt cost Mr Wang 200 yuan. 王先生花了200元买了新衬衫。 How much does the new computer cost? 新电脑花了多少钱？take, spend, pay & costtake，spend，pay和cost都可以表示“花费”，但它们的用法各有不同。1) take多表示花费时间，常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.这一句型中，其中it作形式主语。 e.g. It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner.2) spend多表示花费时间和金钱，主语通常是人，常用于sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.和sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.两种句型。 e.g. David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine. My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day.3) pay多表示花费金钱，主语通常是人，常用于sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。 e.g. Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday.4) cost多表示花费金钱，主语通常是物，常用于sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money. 句型。 e.g. The new dress cost Linda 88 yuan.根据句意用take, spend, pay或cost的适当形式填空。1) That new car _them lots of money.2) Mona _ 50 yuan on the books just now.3) It usually _me an hour to do my homework.4) You should _some time practising your pronunciation.5) My brother _6, 000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.Keys cost spent takes spend paid3. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future! make a difference (to) 表示(对)产生影响或作用 e.g. Do you think his words would make any difference to the final decision?The new teacher always encourages little Tom. This has made a big difference to him.XI. Exercises用动词的适当形式填空。1) Were trying _ (save) the earth.2) There used to_ (be) clean and beautiful.3) There are too many _ for _to catch (fish).4) Its bad for environment to use _ (wood) chopsticks.Keys: to save be fish fishermen woodenXII. Think aboutThe earth is badly polluted. Please make a poster and think of what we can do.XIII. Homework1. Copy the new words and remember them. 2. Read the listening materials of 1b, 2a.板书设计教学反思Section A 2 (3a-3c)I. Revision(1) Role-play 2d.(2) Translate these sentences into English.甚至是河底都满是垃圾。这个小镇上的每个人都应该参加打扫。骑自行车有其它的优点。我买外卖食品从来不拿木筷子和塑料叉子。II. Lead in (1) Teacher tells students the earth is badly polluted. What should we do to save the earth? Lets take action. For example: Turn off the lights when you leave a room; Take buses instead of driving carsRecycle books and paper.(2) There are some animals are endangered. We should do something to protect the animals and the environment! III. Discussion (1) Have you ever seen a shark?(2) What do you know about sharks? IV. Reading(1) Sharks are endangered, read the passage and judge the sentences.Sharks fin（鱼鳍）soup is famous and expensive all around the world.We have to kill a whole shark to get a bowl of sharks fin soup.People cut off sharks fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.Sharks are in the bottom of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem.Wild Aid and the WWF are environmental protection groups in China.Sharks fin s are good for health.(2) Complete the fact sheet in 3a. Where shark fin soup is popularNumber of sharks caught and traded every yearHow much the numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen in the last 20 to 30 yearsTwo environmental groups which are against “finning”V. Practice (3b) (1) Read the passage and dill in the blanks with the words in the box.1. Many people do not realize they are killing a whole shark _ they enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup.2. Sharks are at the top of the food chain, _ if their numbers drop, the oceans ecosystem will be in danger.3. Many think that sharks are too strong to be endangered, _ they are wrong.4. _ there are no scientific studies to support this, a lot of people believe that shark fins are good for health.5. Sharks may disappear one day _ we do not do something to stop the sale of shark fins. (2) Retell the passage according to the words below.sharks fin soup, in southern China each time cut off no longer not onlybut also at the top drop be endangered the strongest around 70 million fallen by over 90 percent Wild Aid and the WWF develop laws scientific studiesVI. Language points1. A shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. 鲨鱼不能再游泳然后慢慢死掉。no longer意思是“不再” e.g. Im no longer a student. 我不再是个学生了。 有两个短语和no longer同义，即notany longer和notany more，但他们侧重的方面不同。no longer和notany longer侧重时间。 e.g. He no longer lives here.= He doesnt live here any longer. 他不在这儿居住了。(一个时间以前他住在这儿，过了这个时间，他就离开了。) notany more侧重侧重程度和数量e.g. You can drink no more. = You cant drink any more. 你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程度，不能再继续下去了。) 2. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.not onlybut also用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅而且”; 其中的also有时可以省略。e.g. 1) She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。 2) Not only men but also women were chosen. 不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的。 若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。e.g. Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。 not only放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构。 e.g. Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison.be harmful to 对 有害e.g. Smoking is harmful to the health. 吸烟有损健康。 Playing computer games much is harmful to students. 电脑游戏玩太多对学生有害。3. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem. 鲨鱼位于海洋生物系统食物链的顶部。at the top of 在.最高地位; 用最高最大的(速度, 声音等) e.g. I looked at the top of his head, his hair shiny and parted smoothly. He shouted at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard.4. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. 如果它们的数目降至过低，会给所有海洋生物带来危险。此句复数形式的number表达全海洋中鲨鱼的总量。当表示数值的高或低时，number要用high或low修饰。e.g. In that country, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in towns and village.在那个国家，城市儿童入学人数比乡镇及农村要高。常与number搭配的动词有grow, fall等。e.g. The number of families that own cars has been growing quickly recently.5. Environment protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. 1) 句中fin本为名词，指 “鱼鳍”。此句中的finning由动词化的fin（割鲨鱼鳍以获取鱼翅）的-ing形式转化而成，指课文中所陈述的 “猎翅”这一行为。2) WildAid和WWF组织WildAid（美国野生救援协会）是保护野生动物及栖息地环境的一个非盈利性的机构，1999年注册成立，其宗旨是保护及救助世界范围内的野生动物；WWF（世界自然基金会）英文全称为World Wide Fund for Nature，成立于1961年，是享有国际盛誉，全球最大的独立性非政府环境保护组织之一。VII. HomeworkWrite 5 measures to protect the environment.板书设计教学反思Section A 3 (Grammar Focus-4c)I. Revision1. Check if you know these phrases. 不同种类的污染 河底 把垃圾扔到河里 在中起作用 在中国南部 对有害 在顶部 海洋生态系统2. Translate these sentences into English. 甚至是河底都满是垃圾。 这个方法不仅残酷还对环境有害。 鲨鱼处于海洋食物链的顶部。 许多人相信鱼翅对健康有好处。II. Grammar FocusPay attention to the sentences.1) Were trying to save the earth.2) The river used to be so clean.3) The air is badly polluted.4) No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.5) We should help save the sharks.1. 现在进行时: Present Progressive定义：表示说话时（瞬间）正在进行的动作，也表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作。结构: be (am/is/ are) + v.-ing标志词：Look, Listen, now, right nowe.g. Look! The boy is crying.2. used to do与be used to doingused to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事, 而现在往往不做了, 后接动词原形。be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事。e.g. I used to get up at six oclock. Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning.3. 被动语态：Passive voice定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象的一种语态。结构：be + 过去分词e.g. A new school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day.4. 现在完成时: Present Perfect定义：表示动作已经完成, 但对现在造成影响; 或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的动作。 结构: has/have + 过去分词标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since, fore.g. I havent finished my homework yet.5. 情态动词1) 情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，但不能单独作谓语，只能与其他动词构成谓语。常见的有：can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。2) 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加not。个别情态动词有过去式形式, 可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。 e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala. Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old. You mustnt play with fire. It is dangerous.III. Practice1. Work on 4a. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Joe: _ you ever _ (take) part in an environmental project ?Eric: Yes, I have. I _ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was _ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city _ ever _ (have). Joe: How many people _ (take) part?Eric: I _ (think) more than 1,000 people _ (come) to help out.Joe: Thats fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _ (try) to improve the environment.Eric: Yes, we cant afford to _ (wait) any longer to take action! Learn some new words and expressions.2. Work on 4b. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box. The words are:can, would, could, have to, should, must, may/might People _ think that big things _ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you _ save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think its a great idea that you now _ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you _ ride your bike or walk. If its far, you _ take the bus. All these small things _ add up and become big things that _ improve the environment. Lets take action now!Learn some new words and expressions.3. Work on 4c. Make a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner. use public transportation (n.交通运输);turn off the lights when you leave a room;use reusable bags instead of plastic bags;ride your bike or walk to school or work;stop using paper napkins;recycle books and paper4. Discussion. A: I think that everyone should use public transportation.B: I disagree. Its difficult for parents with young children to use public transportationIV. Language points1. We cant afford to wait any longer to take action! afford v. 承担得起；提供, 给予 afford to do sth. (常与can, be ble to连用) 买得起；有足够的e.g. We cant afford to pay such a price. 我们付不起这个价钱。 Dancing affords us pleasure. 跳舞给我们带来快乐。2. save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. turning off 关掉 e.g. Please turn the television off before you go to bed. 睡觉前请关掉电视。拓展：turn相关短语turn around 转身 turn up 调高（音量）turn down 调低；拒绝turn into 变成；进入 turn on 打开，发动 turn off 关掉，关闭turn out to be 结果是turn over 移交V. HomeworkFinish the exercises in the workbook.板书设计教学反思Section B 1 (1a2e)I. Revision Role-play this conversation. A: I think that everyone should use public transportation. B: I disagree. Its difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation A: But we can do other things. For example, we can go to school on foot. B: You are right. We should turn off the lights when we leave the room.II. Leading in (1) Tell students we should do these things to protect the environment. Turn off the lights when you leave a room; Stop riding in cars; Stopping using paper towels or napkins; Recycle books and paper.Turn off the shower while you are washing your hair.You can help reduce pollution by putting that soda can in a different bin. Dont use paper napkins.(2)What can we do to help save the earth? Rank these items from the easiest (1) to the most difficult(5). (1a)_stop riding in cars _recycle books and paper _turn off the lights when you leave a room _turn off the shower while you are washing your hair_dont use paper napkins(3) Compare your answers in 1a with your partner. III. Listening 1c&1d(1) Listen and check ( ) the things that Julia and Jack talk about.(2) Check ( ) the things that Julia is doing now, the things she will do in the future and the things she would never do.(3) Check the answers with the whole class.Things Julia and Jack talk aboutThings Julia is doing nowThings Julia will do in the futureThings Julia would never do_ turning off the light_ turning off the shower_ stopping using paper napkins_ taking your own bags when shopping._ not riding in cars_ riding a bike_ recycling paper(4) Listen again and answer the questions below.Who read a book?Would Julia turn
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