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Unit 1 How can we become good learners?学习目标 认知目标： 1. Talk about how to study. 学会讨论各种学习方法和策略。 2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出适合自己的学习方法。 情感目标： 通过对学习方法的学习，培养学生用准确而科学的方法做事的水平，明白“一份耕耘，一份收获”。 技能目标： （1）熟练掌握下列词汇： aloud pronunciation discover repeat note pronounce increase speed partner create active connect review knowledge wisely born attention （2）熟练掌握下列短语： work with friends ask the teacher for help read aloud look up practice pronunciation connectwith pay attention to （3）掌握下列句型： How do you study English? I learn by working with a group. Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation. How can I read faster? You can read faster by reading word groups. How can I improve my pronunciation? One way is by listening to tapes.But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. 重点、难点（Key points and difficulties） 1. 学会使用how来询问做事方式 2. 学会使用by + doing的结构表达做事方式。by 介词，表示“通过方法或途径”，译成“靠、通过”。by后面能够加名词或动名词短语。 3. 动名词的构成： 动词后加动名词doing，相当于名词，在句子中能够做主语、宾语、表语定语等。课时划分Period 1 Section A 1 (1a-2d)Period 2 Section A 2 (3a-3b)Period 3 Section A 3 (Grammar Focus4c)Period 4 Section B 1 (1a-2e)Period 5 Section B 2 (3a-selfcheck)Section A 1 (1a-2d)Step 1 Warming up T： How do you study English? Do you study English by the following ways? (Show some pictures and present the important phrases.) T： How do you study English?S： I study English by _. by working with friends.by making word cards.by asking the teacher for help.by reading the textbook.by working with a group.by listening tapes.Step 2 1a Check the ways you study English. Then add other ways you sometimes study._ a. by working with friends._ b. by making word card._ c. by reading the textbook._ d. by listening to tapes_ e. by asking the teacher for help.Step 3 Listening 1) Listen. How do these students study for a test? Write letters from 1a above.2) Check the answers: b (Meiping); e (Peter); d (Tony)Step 4 Guess Show some pictures. Guess: How does he/she study English? He/She studies English by How do they study English? They study English byStep 5 Pairwork 1c Make conversations about how you study for a test. A: How do you study for a test? B: I study by working with a group. A: How do you study for a test? B: I study byStep 6 Listening 2a Listen and check the questions you hear.1 _ Does anyone learn English by watching videos?2 _ Do you have conversations with friends in English?3 _ What about listening to tapes?4 _ What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?5 _ Have you ever studied with a group? Answers: 1, 2, 4, 52b Listen again. Match each answer below with a question above. a. Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way.b. Oh, yes. It really improves my speaking skills.c. I do that sometimes. I think it helps.d. No. Its too hard to understand spoken English. Answers: d, b, c, aStep 7 Pairwork1. 2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b A: Have you ever studied with a group? B: Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way. Show some pictures.1) A: Do you learn English by watching movies? B: Yes, its a very interesting way. C: No, its too hard to understand spoken English. 2) A: What about writing letters to a pen pal in America? B: Yes, it helps to improve my writing skills and know a lot about America. 3) A: Do you have conversations with friends in English? B: Of course, we can talk about plenty of things like school, pets, movies, and our parents. 2. 2c Role-play the conversation.Step 8 Summary How do you study English? 1. by working with friends2. by watching English movies. 3. by making word cards. 4. by reading the textbook.5. by listening to tapes. 6. by asking the teacher for help. 7. by reading aloud. Step 9 Language points 1. I study by working with a group. 我通过小组活动来学习。 by作为介词，用法很多。请仔细观察下面的例句，分析by的用法，然后补全结论部分所缺的内容。【例句】1) Come and sit by us.2) Peter goes to work by bus every day.3) Tony will come back by 10:00 pm.4) English is spoken by lots of people.5) My brother studies history by working with a group.【结论】1) by可表示位置，(1) “_”，如句1。也有“从旁边（经过）”之意。2) by可表示交通、传递等的方式，如句2。3) by可表示时间，“到（某时）之前；不迟于”，如句3。4) by可用于构成(2) _，“被，由”，如句4。5) by可表示方式或手段，(3) “_”结构在句中作方式状语，“通过方式（方法）”或“借助手段”，如句5。 Answers: (1) 在旁边 (2) 被动语态 (3) by + V-ing形式 【运用】根据提示，用含有by的短语完成各句。1)AnniewenttoBeijing_ (乘火车)yesterday.2)Hisgrandfathermadealiving_ (靠卖水果)inthepast. 3)Thescientistshavetoarriveatthevillage_ (八月以前).4)Allengoes_ (经过邮局) on his way to school every morning.5)Thebookwaswritten_ (由几个工程师). Answers: 1) by train 2) by selling fruits 3) by August 4) by the post office 5) by several engineers 2. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? 大声朗读来练习发音怎么样？辨析aloud, loud和loudlyaloud出声地；大声地。常与read/ call等词连用, 不用于比较级。 e.g. Dont read aloud in the library. 不要在图书馆大声朗读。 loud 大声地；喧闹地。指说话声和笑声，常与talk/ speak/ laugh/ sing等词连用, 常用比较级。 e.g. We cant hear you. Please speak louder. 我们听不到你的声音。请再大声点。loudly 高声地；喧闹地。可以和loud互换，含有“吵闹”的意思，不悦耳。 What about/ How about? 后跟名词，代词或v.-ing。用于征求意见。 e.g. What about a cup of tea? 喝杯茶怎么样？ How about you? 你呢？ What /How about going to the zoo this afternoon? 今天下午去动物园怎么样？ 3. Its too hard to understand spoken English. 句中的it是形式主语, 不定式短语to understand spoken English是真正的主语。该句句型为: Its+too+adj.+ (for sb.)+to do sth. 意思是“(对某人来说)做某事是的”。如： Its too important to keep healthy. Its difficult for him to learn two languages.【链接】 too . to . 结构常表示“太而不能”, too后面接形容词或副词, to后面接动词原形。如： The room is too dirty to live in. He walks too slowly to get there on time.【运用】 将下面的句子翻译成英语。 1) 孩子们在那条河里游泳是危险的。 Its dangerous for the children to swim in that river. 2) 晚饭后散步太有必要了。 Its too necessary to take a walk after supper. 3) 水太烫, 不能喝。 The water is too hot to drink.Step 10 Exercises . Choose the best answer.1. He goes to school _ bike. A. by B. on C. in D. at 2. How do you study English so well? By _ lots of books. A. read B. look C. watching D. reading Answers: A, D . Complete the following sentences.1. 大声朗读来练习发音怎么样？ What about _ to practice pronunciation? 2. 她通过读课本来学习英语。 She studies English _ the textbook.3. She improves her English _ (通过加入英语俱乐部). Answers: 1. reading aloud 2. by reading 3. by joining an English club . Translation.1. 老师要求我大声朗读课文。 2. 不要这么大声。婴儿在睡觉。 3. 我爸爸经常开车去上班。 Answers: 1. The teacher asked me to read aloud the text. 2. Dont talk so loudly. The baby is sleeping. 3. My father often goes to work by car.Step 11 HomeworkHow do you study English? What about physics and Chinese?Make a list. Section A 2 (3a-3b)Step 1 Revision Give the students some pictures, then let them talk about: How do you study English? I study by _.Step 2 Reading 1. Warming up Look at the picture on page 3, then let the students talk about:The girl is Wei Fen. What is she doing? Can you guess how she studies English ? 2. ReadingFinish 3a: Read the passage about Wei Fen and answer the questions.1) Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?2) What did she do in English class?3) What is the secret to language learning?secret n. 秘密; 秘诀 adj. 秘密的; 保密的Answers:1) The teacher spoke too quickly and Weifen did not understand her most of the time, but she was afraid to ask questions of her poor pronunciation.2) She hid behind her textbook and never said anything.3) For Wei Fen, the secret to language learning is listening to something interesting. Finish 3b: Complete the sentences with what Wei Fen learned from watching movies. Use words and phrases from the passage. 1) I can understand the meaning by watching their _ and the _ on their faces.2) I can get the meaning by listening for just the _.3) My pronunciation improved by listening to the _ in English movies.4) I learned _ sentences like “Its a piece of cake” by watching the movies.5) I can find the meaning of the new words by looking them up in a _.Answers: body language expressions key words conversations useful dictionaryexpression n. 表情; 表示; 表达方式Step 3 Language points 1. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English? find it difficult/hard to do sth. 发现做某事很困难 【find用法归纳】 find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事 find it + adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事很find it + adj. to do sth.中的it是形式宾语, adj.做宾补, to do sth.是真正的宾语。同类的动词还有think, feel, consider等。 【活学活用】1) I found it _ (interest) to talk with my grandfather2) I found it hard for me _ (improve) spoken English.Answers: interesting, to improve 2. But I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事 【afraid用法归纳】 be afraid of sth./doing sth. 害怕做某事(担心出现某种不良后果) be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事(“怕” 或“不敢”去做某事) be afraid +that 恐怕(礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事) 【活学活用】 Tina is so shy that she is afraid of _ in front of a group. A. to speak B. speak C. speaking D. spoke Answer: C3. Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. called=named 叫做 【call用法归纳】 call sb.=telephone sb. =phone sb. =give sb. a call =ring sb. up 给某人打电话 call on sb. 拜访某人 4. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. discover v. 发现; 发觉 指偶然或经过努力发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物。 e.g. Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。 5. I also learned useful sentences like “Its a piece of cake” or “It serves you right.” a piece of cake和serves sb. right是英语中的两个习惯用语, 也可称作习语idiom(s)。同汉语中的成语类似, 习语是人们在长期的语言运用中约定俗成的一种固定表达方式, 其意思往往不是字面所表达的含义。如: a piece of cake表示事情非常简单、易于解决, 相当于汉语的“小菜一碟; 小事一桩”; serves sb. right则相当于汉语说某人“活该”。6. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary. look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅; 抬头看 【look用法归纳】 look after 照顾 look like 看起来像 look out 当心, 小心 look through 浏览 look for 寻找 look forward to 期待 look around 向四周看 have/take a look 看一看 look over 检查 Step 4 Summary 发现做某事很难 find it difficult to do sth.语言学习的秘密 the secret to language learning害怕做某事 be afraid to do sth.爱上 fall in love with肢体语言 body language脸上的表情 the expressions on the faces关健词 key words对感兴趣 be interested in 语言学习的秘密 look up the word in the dictionaryStep 5 Homework 1. Recite the important sentences in the passage on page 3.2. Remember the words and phrases in this lesson.Section A3 (Grammar Focus4c)Step 1 Free talkTalk about the ways you learn other subjects. You can use the following phrases and sentences.How do you learn Chinese/ math /physics/chemistry?Do you learn history and geography by_?Step 2 4aAnswer the questions. Then match the questions and answers.1. How do you practice speaking?2. How do you learn new words?3. How do you improve your writing?4. How do you practice listening?5. How do you improve your pronunciation?6. How do you learn grammar?a. By watching English programs.b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud.c. By having conversations with friends.d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.e. By making word cards.f. By writing e-mails to my pen pals.Step 3 4bComplete these statements. Use information that is true for you.match physics chemistry Chinese history geographye.g. I usually practice my English by taking notes / reading books and newspapers / speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns.a. I usually practice my math by_.b. I usually practice my physics by_. c. I usually practice my chemistry by_.d. I usually practice my Chinese by _.e. I usually practice my history and geography by _.Step 4 4cCheck what you do to learn English . Then interview your partner.A: Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises?B: Yes, I do.A: How often do you do them?B:I learn English byMy partner learnsEnglish by yesnohow oftenyesno how oftendoing grammar exercises.taking notes in English.reading English magazines.keeping a diary in English. using an English dictionary.Step 5 Grammar How do you learn English? I learn by studying with a group.Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, 1 do. It helps my pronunciation.How can I read faster? You can read faster by reading word groups.How can I improve my pronunciation? One way is by listening to tapes.动名词定义: 它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式: V-ing作用: 动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词的基本用法1. 用作主语所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。e.g. Playing with fire is dangerous.注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。 1) It is no use/ good / useless + doing2) It is a waste of time + doing 3) It is fun + doing 在以上结构中常用动名词作主语。e.g. Its no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收） There is no joking about the matter.It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 2. 用作宾语1) 作动词的宾语 常见的此类动词有：practise, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, depend on, think about, succeed in, worry about, be used to, get used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。e.g. How do you practice speaking? I have to finish reading a book and give a report.2) 作介词的宾语 1. I learn English by doing grammar exercises.2. Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 3. He was late again because of getting up late.4. Lock the doors and windows before going out. 5. What/How about the two of us playing games？活学活用1. She cant help _ (cry) after _ (hear) the bad news.2. Do you feel like _ (have) a break?3) 既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表达的意义不同。e.g. I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了) I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生) remember/forget/ regret to do 动作尚未发生 doing动作已经发生try to do 设法、努力去做，尽力doing 试试去做（看有何结果）mean to do 打算做（主语一般是人）doing意味着（主语一般是物）regret to do 对将要做的事抱歉doing 对已经发生的事感到后悔stop to do停下去做另外一件事doing停止做手头的事情3. 作表语 动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。 e.g. Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。 (Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 动名词有时态和语态的变化。动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例） 时态语态一般时完成时主动语态writing having written 被动语态being written having been written 注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing 动名词的复合结构：动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结构Would you mind _（我开窗户吗）？Would you mind my / me opening the window?my/ me 称为动名词的逻辑主语。I cant understand Jack /Jacks leaving his wife.I cant understand his/him leaving his wife.Jacks/ His leaving his wife is unbelievable.Step 6 Exercises 1. My watch needs _, but I have no time to go to town to have it _. A. to repair; repaired B. to be repaired; repairing C. repairing; repaired D. being repaired; repaired2. You should apologize to your sister for _ her the truth. A. telling B. not telling C. telling not D. not tell3. -The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot _ it off. A. turning B. turn C. to turn D. having turned4. Hearing the bad news, the mother couldnt help _. A. to cry B. crying C. cry D. cries5. Our teacher told us to spend some time _ English every day. A. to practise speaking B. practising speaking C. to practise to speak D. practising to speak6. It is no use _ without doing.A. to promise B. promising C. promise D. to be promisedStep 7 HomeworkWrite a short composition about how to learn English.Section B 1 (1a-2e)Step 1 DiscussionDo you have difficulty in learning English? What things are difficult for you?1a Learning English can be difficult. What things are difficult for you? Read the list. Check () the statements that are true for you. _ I cant pronounce some of the words._ I cant always understand spoken English._I dont know how to increase my reading speed._I cant spell some English words._I often make mistakes in grammar.注解: 1. Icantalways understandspokenEnglish.【解析】speak spokespokenv.说【注意】部分动词的过去分词也可做该词的形容词：spoken口语的 broken坏掉的written写作的2. Idontknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.【解析】“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语【注意】whattodo后不需要跟宾语 howtodo后必须跟宾语【拓展】“疑问词+动词不定式”结构：know，tell,wonder,ask, findout,learn+what,which, when,where,how+动词不定式（todo）1b What other things are difficult for you? Make a list.1. I dont know enough words to write well.2._3._Step 2 Listening and speaking 1c Paul finds it difficult to learn English. Listen and complete the learning challenges he talks about.Challenges1. He cant get the _ right.2 He _ a lot of new words.3. He cant always _ when people talk to him.4. He doesnt get much _ practice. Answers: pronunciation, forgets, understand, writing1d Listen again. Complete the solutions.Solutions1. _ can help.2. He can always _ in his notebook and study them at home.3. He can _ to practice speaking.4. He should find a _ to practice writing.Answers: Listening, write the new words, join an English language club, pen pal1e Role-play conversations using the information in 1c and 1d. A: I dont have a partner to practice English with.B: Maybe you should join an English club.注解: Maybeyoushouldjoin anEnglishclub.【解析】join/joinin/takepartin(1)join=beamemberof参加, 指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。 jointhearmy/party入伍/党 jointheclub加入俱乐部joinin后接活动名称 joinsb.加入到某个人群之中(2)takepartin参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。Step 3 Discussion2a What good learning habits can you think of? Make a list and discuss them with your partner.Step 4 Reading 2b Read the passage quickly. Which four habits of successful learners are mentioned?2c Read the passage again and answer the questions. 1. Does the writer think that everyone is born with the ability to learn well? Do you agree? Why or why not? 2. Why is it a good idea to connect some
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