PETS3级写作必备词汇

PETS31作必备词汇（分类整理版）（一）关于教育1. awareness n. 意识。environment awareness环保意识2. cultivate vt. 培养，培育。cultivate a sense of competition/ responsibility竞争意识 / 责任意识;cultivate criticalthinking 培养辩证思维3. physical adj.身体的；物质的。physical exercise体育锻炼；physical sciences自然学科4. mental adj.心理的；精神的。mental Health心理健康；mental State精神状态5. creative adj. 有创造力 的。creativity n. 创造力。 creative thinking skills创造性思维6. scholarship n. 奖学金7. acquire vt. 获得。同义词：gainAcquire/gain a better understanding of对更力口了 解Acquire/gain knowledge/skills/hand-on experience获得知识 / 技能/亲身经验8. discipline n.2己律。school discipline 校纪，学校纪律； abide strictly by discipline严格恪守纪律9. scope of knowledge 知识面;enlarge ones view拓展眼界;broaden ones horizons拓展视野10. multimedia teaching多媒体教学11. enrich the teaching method丰富教育手段12. enlighten vt. 启迪，启发。enlighten us about creativity 启发创造力13. inspire vt. 激发，鼓舞,唤起。to inspire enthusiasm in somebody激发某人的热情14. exam-oriented education应试教育15. compulsory education义务教育16. quality Education素质教育17. vocational education职业教育18. distance education 远程教育19. develop our creative mind培养我们创造性思维20. access n. 接近，接触。have quick and easy access to new things迅速容易地接触新鲜事物21. rote learning 死记硬背22. grasp n. 掌握，熟知。Have a solid grasp of computer skills熟练掌握计算机技能23. stimulate vt. 激发，刺激。stimulate ones interest 激发了 的兴趣；stimulate sb to study hard激励某人努力学习24. cultivation of innovative talents创新人才培养25. tap ones potential挖掘某人的潜能（二）关于环境1. car exhaust fumes汽车尾气2. acid rain 酸雨；industrial waste工业废料3. ozone hole 臭氧层空洞4. emissions of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳排放； reduce the emission of greenhousegases 减少温室气体排放； greenhouse gases 温室气体5. human activity 人类行为，人类活动6. global warming 全球变暖； climate change 气候变化7. discharge v. 排放，流出。wastewater discharges/effluent discharge污水排放；8. exert vt. 发挥，施加影响，运用。exert profound impacts on people and future generation对人类及后代产生了深远的影响9. worsen vi/vt. 变坏，恶化。同义： deteriorate v. 恶化 environmental deterioration环境恶化10. environmental degradation 环境恶化11. protect/ preserve/conserve the environment保护环境12. environmentally-friendly 环境友好的13. clean energy 清洁能源； renewable energy 可再生能源； solar energy 太阳能； windenergy 风能； nuclear power 核能14. fossil fuels 化石能源； coal 煤炭； petroleum/oil 石油； natural gas 天然气15. energy-saving lamp 节能灯；节能save energy 节约能源16. means of transport 交通方式； public transportation vehicles 公共交通工具17. the consciousness/awareness of environmental conservation环境保护意识18. energy-efficient 节能的可编辑依法严惩19. punish severely by the law20. keep ecological balance保持生态平衡21. plastic bags塑料袋；ban on free plastic bags禁止提供免费塑料袋limiting the use of plastic bags限制塑料袋使用22. adopt several strong measures to do采取积极措施23. sewage treatment污水治理24. battery cars 电动汽车(三)关于科技1. scientific invention科学发明2. sophisticated equipment 尖端设备3. a double-edged sword 双刃佥 U4. technical innovation科技创新5. on a global scale在全球范围内6. Virtual Reality T echnology(VR) 虚拟现实技术7. earth-shaking changes翻天覆地的变化8. change with each passing day 日新月异9. milestone 里程碑10. portable便于携带的11. usher in 引领12. negative effects负面影响13. potential hazards潜在危险14. over-commercialized过渡商业化的可编辑15. a heated discussion热烈的讨论可编辑16. accelerate 加速17. substitute 取代；be replaced by 被所取代18. make progress取得进步19. give a great push to the economic growth极大地推动了 经济发展20. potential market潜在市场21. a pillar industry支柱产业22. provide convenience for为提供便禾 1（四）关于社会1 .urbanization城市化，城镇化；industrialization 工业化2 .centralization 集中化； urban crowding城市人口集中；populationexplosion/boom人口 爆炸；family planning/birth control 控制人口城乡差距3 .imbalance 不平衡； the disparity between the city and the countryside4. optimize allocation of resources优化资源配置5.1 nfrastructure construction 基础设施建设 ;urban construction城市建设6 .booming economy促进经济发展；繁荣的经济；经济蓬勃发展7 .tertiary industry 第三产业； service sector 服务业8 .tranquility 宁静；pastoral life 田园生活9 .revenue 税收;government spending 政府开支commercialization 商业化11 .traffic congestion/jam交通拥挤水短缺12 .water scarcity/shortage13 .the environmental pollution 环境污染 ; hazy weather 雾霾天气14.over-industrialization 过度工业化15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16.unemployment rate 失业率17. distribution of wealth 财富分配18.social unrest 社会动荡19 . traffic volume 交通量，交通流量20 .population explosion 人口激增21 .a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22 . skyscrapers 摩天大楼23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会导致人与人之24 .a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活； create alienation between people间疏远25 .stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病26. high cost of living 高额生活费用27. city planners城市规划者28. short-sighted policy 缺乏远见的政策29.social welfare社会福利disposable income 可支配收入30 . job/employment opportunities就业机会31 .urban sprawl 城市扩张32 .convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具33 .better medical services 更好的医疗服务34 .pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力35 . stress-included disease由于压力导致的疾病36 . a feasible measure一种可行的措施37 .on the brink of处于边缘38 .pollutant 污染性物质；waste disposal废物处理39 . poverty-stricken/impoverished 贫穷的40 . wealthy/ affluent/well-off 富裕的41 . vicious cycle 恶性循环42 .ways of consumption消费方式43 .suffer heavy losses遭受重大损失44. breed crimes滋生犯罪45. help-the-poor programme扶贫计戈 U;Poverty Relief Office 扶贫办公室（五）关于旅游1. tourist attractions/spots旅游景1点;cultural heritage文化遗产2. attract tourists 吸引游客3. carry forward national cultural弘扬民族文化4. promote cultural communication促进文化交流5. create employment opportunities创造就业机会6. first-hand experience亲身体验7. seclude/isolate the tourists from the locals把游客和当地人隔离8. tourist traps欺骗游客的手段9. over-commercialized过度商业化的可编辑大都会10. metropolitan city/metropolis11. tourist season 旅游旺季12. a well-known historic and cultural city历史文化名城13. souvenirs 纪念品14. travel agency 旅行社15. wondrous spectacle 天下奇观 ; famous scenic spots and places of historicalinterest 名胜古迹 ; ancient architectural complex 古建筑群 ; summer resort 避暑胜地16. forced purchase 强迫购物17. historical relics 历史文物18. natural landscape 自然景观PETS3 写作必备短语1. exert profound impacts on对产生深远影响同义： exert an influence on ; have an effect on2. promote /stimulate the sustainable development of促进一 的可持续发展3. benefit from 从中受益反义：be afflicted by 受到 .折磨suffer from遭受 .；do harm for 危害”4. make a proposal 提建议，提方案同义： make a suggestion ; give advice5. invest in对.投资同义：fund sth 资助 .sponsorsth 赞助6. cultivate sth 培养.cultivate awareness, morality, interest .培养意识，道德，兴趣等7. have a solid grasp of 牢固掌握 .8. have access to 获取.，使用.,接近同义： be easily accessible to .可以被人们方便的获取9. shoulderthe responsibility承担责任同义：be responsible for10. help sb to do 帮助某人做.11. increase/enhance/improve efficiency of .提高 的效率12. enable sb to do 使某人有能力做.allow sb to do 允许某人做 .13. endow sb with .赋予某人.14. relieve the stress/burden on sb减轻某人的压力 /负担反义：imposeaheavyburdenonsb 给某人添加了沉重的负担；put pressure on给某人带来压力15. achieve ones aim 实现目标同义：realize the goal ; come true 实现16. unlock/develop/tap your potential开发潜能反义：constrain/limit/restrict sbs creativity限制创造力宣布对 . 的禁令17. announce a ban on .反义： lift a ban/ nullify a prohibition 解除禁令18. rely on/ depend on 依赖，依靠反义：be independent of 不依赖； reduce dependence on减少对的依赖19. layasolidfoundationfor 为 打下坚实的基础同义： lay the groundwork for 为一 ：打下基石paveawayfor为 铺千道路20. offer sb sth提供某人.同义： provide sb with sth21. be laden with anxiety 忧心忡忡同义：be extremely worried about22. take part in 参与.同义：participate in doing反义：be indifferent to sth对漠不关心23. strengthen contacts /ties/links with加强与.的联系反义： weaken24. result in 导致.同义： lead to ; bring about ; give rise to25. prevent sth/ sb from doing 阻止某人做某事反义：encourage sb to do鼓励做give sb an incentive to do给某人动力做 .26. as time goes on 随着时间的推移同义： With the passage of time27. With the advent of the computer age , .随着计算机时代的来临随着的发展With the rapid development of28. take steps 采取措施同义： take action ; adopt measures29. adapt oneself to the development of适应的发展30. be accustomed to sth/doing 习惯于做某事同义： be used to doing 习惯于做某事31. Faced with/ be confronted with/in the face of面对.（位于句首）同义：face ； confront32. be impartial to 公平的同义：treat sth/sb fairly公平对待某人某事33. widen the gap 增大差距同义：gap=difference=discrepancy反义：narrow the gap between the rich and poor34. used to do过去做.（现在不做丫注意：区分be used to doing 习惯于做某事35. live an unhealthy lifestyle 生活方式不健康36. be addicted to .对一 .上瘾37. be exposed to暴露于./接触.38. put the blame on .归咎于同义：.is to blame ; be attributable to .归因为39. be vulnerable to temptation 易于受到诱惑40. give special care to 给予特殊关照同义：care for . 关心41. give priority to 优先考虑同义： A take priority over B A 比 B 更优先42. in the long run 从长远角度而言同义： From a long-term perspective43. lay more emphasis on把重心放在一同义：emphasize the important role of . 强调一 .的重要性44. compared to/with与相比45. conflict with 与相冲突46. make a concerted effort to do 联合行动同义： take joint action to do 联合行动； make concerted effort 共同努力47. take a skeptical/positive/negative attitude to.持有怀疑的 /积极的 / 消极的态度48. disagree with sb 与某人意见相左同义： have a different view, disagree in opinions49. satisfy/meet the needs/demands of满足一 .需求50. achieve/maintain a balance between man and nature保持人与自然之间的平衡51. value A over B 把 A 的价值看得比B 还高52. be reluctant to do 自愿做某事53. facilitate sth 使某事便利54. .has been on the rise in recent years 近年来，的发生越来越多同义： the rate of has been increasing in recent years.55. overcome/ get over the difficulty of克月艮；.困难从根源上解决tackle the problem 解决问题； address the root cause of56. fight against 与.作斗争同义： combat sth57. pose a threat to对 .构成威胁同义：threaten sth 威胁到.58. impose a ban on sth禁止.同义： prohibit sth59. pay the price 付出代价同义：do sth at the expense/cost of .做某事付出代价60. Recent weeks have seen tentative signs of recovery,.最近几周开始出现回暖迹象，（位于句首）同义： show no sign of improving 没有出现改善迹象61. from the point of viewof .从一 .角度来看同义： from the perspective of从一.角度来看from an economic perspective 从经济的角度来看62. a variety of 多种多样的同义： a wide array of ，a wide range of63. There are plent y of evidence to confirm that足够的证据证实一.反义： there is little evidence to confirm that几乎没有证据可以证实64. place strict regulations on sth 对.进行严格的规范管理65. play a key role in sth/doing sth 在 . 中起到重要的作用66. go against/ in conflict with socialist core values与社会主义核心价值观相悖67. be viewed as . 被视为是同义： be regarded as ; be considered as68. take sth into account 对某事加以考虑同义： take sth into consideration; think it over可编辑