2015年电大《绩效与薪酬实务》专科期末备考复习题及参考答案资料

生命赐给我们，我们必须奉献生命，才能获得生命。电大绩效与薪酬实务期末备考复习题及参考答案一、单项选择题（在各题的备选答案中， 只有1项是正确的，请将正确答案的序号填写在题中的括号内，每小题2分。）1. （ B ）环节设定绩效指标和绩效标准。A.绩效考核B.绩效计划C.绩效实施D.绩效反馈2. （ C ）理论认为，人的行为受到内在需求的激励。A.赫兹伯格的双因素理论B.强化理论C.马斯洛的需求层次理论D.期望理论二、多选选择题（在各题的备选答案中，有2个或2个以上的答案是正确的，请将正确答案的序号填写在题中的括号内，多选或错选均不得分）1 .平衡计分卡法从（A ）、内部流程、客户、（D ）四个方面衡量绩效。A 财务B 服务C-组织行为D 组织学习2 .下列选项正确的是（C、D ）。A 绩效加薪、一次性奖金计入基本薪酬，会引起劳动力成本的长期上涨。B 计件工资、佣金操作复杂，管理成本较大。C .一次性奖金、特殊绩效奖金、计件工资、佣金以客观的绩效指标为依据，能够比较准确、全面地体现员工的工作表现。D .计件工 资、佣金使员工过分关注个人绩效，忽视了一些对组织重要的、但对员工个人绩效没有 直接关系的方面。3 .企业福利资金的筹集方式有（ABD）。A 组织自己筹集福利资金B .通过组织和员工共同承担福利费用筹集C.向社会募集D .通过员工承担某些福利的全部资金筹集4 .薪酬调查的目的包括（ABCD ）A. 了解劳动力市场和竞争对手的薪酬状况，有针对性地制定本组织的薪酬水平，增强本组织薪酬水平在劳动力市场上的竞争力。B 了解竞 争对手的薪酬结构状况，为调整本组织的薪酬结构提供依据。C.学习竞争对手的薪酬管理经验，提高本组织的薪酬管理能力。D.评估竞争对手的劳动力成本，有效控制本组织的劳动力成本。三、判断题（在你认为正确的命题的括号里打在错误的命题的括号里打“ X”）1 .在绩效计划环节，要设计绩效指标和绩效标准。（V ）2 .绩效管理就是绩效考核。（X ）3 .基本薪酬以岗位为依据决定。 （X ）4 .大多数福利具有普惠性。（V ）四、名词解释1 特征法特征法把人格特征作为决定绩效的重要因素，通过界定有利于带来高绩效的人格特征，评价员工在多大程度上具有这些人格特征，以此 来推断员工的绩效。2、津贴津贴是指为了补偿员工额外或特殊的劳动消耗，保证员工的工资水平不受特殊条件影响而支付的报酬。 五、简答题2 .简述技能薪酬模式的优势。技能薪酬模式的优势体现在以下五个方面：第一，能够激励员工学习技能，形成高水平技能；第二，技能薪酬模式有利于提高员工应对环境变化的 能力；第三，技能薪酬模式为员工全面、深刻地认识业务系统功能提供了机会；第四，技能薪酬模式有利于降低劳动成本；第五，技能薪酬模式有 利于新技术的引进。3 .简述绩效考核的原则组织在绩效考核中应遵循以下四个原则：（1 ）绩效考核内容与工作绩效一致原则；（2）绩效考核指标的可观察原则；（3）绩效考核体系的结构性原则；（4）绩效考核指标的独立性原则。4 .薪酬调查的主要内容有哪些？应该如何做好薪酬调查？ 薪酬调查的项目主要包括基准岗位描述、最低小时工资、平均小时工资、中位数小时工资、最高小时工资、基本薪酬及其结构、奖金、其他绩效薪 酬、各种补充福利计划、薪酬政策等。薪酬调查的程序：（1 ）确定薪酬调查的目的与方法；（2）选择调查岗位；（3）选择调查范围；（4）确定调查项目；（5）设计调查问卷及实施调查；（6）分析调查结果；（7）绘制市场薪酬曲线。重要名词解释及简答题精汇：1 .绩效标准：衡量绩效指标实现程度的尺度，包括绩效实现程度的等级以及各等级的定义。2 .利润分享计划：以盈利状况作为员工所在部门或整个组织绩效的衡量指标，以超过盈利目标的部分作为奖金基数，以现金或公司股票形式，在全 体员工之间进行分配的制度。3 .福利：组织为了吸引、保留和激励员工，以员工及其家庭为对象，在工资等基本工作条件以外的生活条件方面，提供的法定或非法定的报酬。4 .简述绩效管理的主要环节及作用：(1)绩效管理的主要环节包括绩效计划、绩效实施、绩效考核、绩效反馈。(2)绩效计划是绩效管理的开始环节，其任务是设定绩效指标和绩效标准。绩效实施是实现绩效指标和达到标准的过程。绩效考核环节要对员工的工作结果和工作行为进行评价。在绩效反馈环节，要将考核得到的结 果反馈给两个方面：一是反馈给员工本人，二是反馈给其他的管理程序。5 .简述长期绩效薪酬的主要形式及优点。(1)长期绩效薪酬是指薪酬衡量周期超过一年的绩效薪酬。它一般以股票或股权作为激励员工的手段，是员工分享组织所有权和未来收益权的一 种形式。长期绩效薪酬的常见类型有员工持股计划、股权激励计划和延期薪酬计划。(2)对组织来讲，第一，它能够促使员工关心组织的财务价值，引导员工提高绩效。第二，它能够吸引和留住高绩效员工，第三，长期绩效薪 酬不计入员工的基本薪酬，并且都有期限，因此不会长期影响组织的劳动力成本，第四，长期绩效薪酬计划在有的国家可以得到减免税收的优惠， 第五，长期绩效薪酬计划有资本积累和资金筹集功能，第六，让员工持有本组织股份有利于防止恶意收购。对员工来说，第一，能够体现员工对组织的贡献，满足员工参与管理的需求，第二，向员工提供了股票投资机会，为其提高收入、累积财富创 造了条件，第三，不要求员工支出资金或者只需支出部分资金，员工在股票分配之前也不需要付税。重点案例分析资料汇总：1. 高兴在一家合资公司工作将近5年了，他是一个比较“内向”的人，出了工作上的问题，不愿意，也不好意思同他的上司交流。几年来，这家公司依靠自己拥有的资源，公司发展得很快，但是，一直不是很重视绩效考评。去年，公司从外部引进了一名人力资源总监，至此，公司才开始正式施行绩效考评制度，大多数员工也开始知道了一些有关员工绩效管理的具 体要求。在这年年终考评时，高兴的上司要同他谈话，高兴很是不安。虽然他对一年来的工作很满意，但是不知道他的上司对此怎么看。这整个谈话过程是令人愉快的。高兴在谈话中，上司对他的表现总体来讲是肯定的，同时，指出了他在工作中需要改善的地方。高兴也同意此 看法，他知道自己有一些缺点。离开上司办公室时感觉不错。但是，当他拿到上司给他的年终考评书面报告时，高兴感到非常震惊，且难以置信，书面报告中写了他很多问题、缺点等负面东西，而他的成 绩、优点等只有一点点。高兴觉得这样的结果好像有点“不可理喻”。高兴从公司公布的“绩效考评规则”上知道，书面考评报告是要长期存档 的，这对高兴今后在公司的工作影响很大，他感到很不安且苦恼。请结合本案例回答下列问题： 1 )绩效面谈在绩效管理中有什么作用？( 2 )经过绩效面谈后高兴感到不安和苦恼，导致这样的结果其原因何在？怎样做才能避免这种问题的产生？参考答案：(D说明员工绩效面谈的作用：使考评者与被考评者对绩效管理有更加全面深入的认识。通过绩效面谈，使得考评者对绩效管理的目标、考评方法、程序有进一步的认 识，有利于下一轮绩效考评工作的开展。 将员工绩效考评的情况的反馈给员工。考评者要将员工绩效的真实信息反馈给员工本人，对员工的成绩、优点进行表扬，要指出员工的问 题、缺点，使之改正。 依据考评结果制定绩效改进计划。制定绩效改进计划是考评者与被考评者共同的事情，考评者要给被考评者一定的指导。(2)分析问题产生原因表面上看，是“绩效面谈”使得高兴感到苦恼和不安。实际上，产生这样问题的原因可能有下列几种情况：公司绩效考评系统：公司上下对绩效管理目的不清；高兴的上司对高兴有偏见； 高兴的上司没有很好的绩效面谈技巧，不敢对高兴谈论问题与缺点。提出解决问题的时策： 考评前绩效目标制定要明确、客观、量化。 考评过程中要公正、公开、公平、考评者要注意员工绩效信息的收集。 考评结束后要注意考评结果的反馈，考评者与被考评者要就考评的最后结果达成一致，共同制定员工的绩效改进计划。2. A公司的高层领导为本公司能够更好地发展，去迎接新的挑战，支持公司的人事部门全面修订了考评制度，重新编制了考评表，并开始实施，如 下：公司对普通员工的考评分为自我考评、上级考评和人事部门考评；对部门经理的考评分为自我考评、人事部门考评和下级考评。 每月初，部门经理在员工考评表上列出员工本月应当完成的主要工作，将考评表发给员工。考评表除了列出本月的工作要求外，还有固定的考评项 目，如工作态度、工作品质、纪律性、协调能力、团队精神等，每项都说明了含义和分值，考评项目满分为100分。月末员工填写考评表为自己打 分，交部门经理。部门经理在同一张考评表上为员工打分，交给人事部门。人事部门对员工进行最终的考评和分数汇总，并向员工通报当月的考评 成绩。员工对考评结果如有疑问，可直接向人事部反映。普通员工的考评自评占30%，人事部门评分占10%，部门经理评分占60%，部门经理的考评自评占30%，下级考评占20%,，人事部门占10%,上级考评占40%。 请根据案例回答下列问题：(1)请指出该公司绩效管理方面存在的问题？(2)请说明运用绩效分析方法确定培训需求和培训对象的主要内容步骤。1 参考答案：主要问题 员工只参与评价，没有参与目标制定。 参与人员的评价权重不合理，一般而言，绩效评价应以上级评价为主。 人力资源部考评角色定位有问题，人事部不应直接参与考评，而应对整个考评的流程进行监督。 考评期限不合理，部门经理的考评期限不宜太短，应按季度或年度考评。 考评反馈应由员工的直接上级进行，人力资源部可以负责分数的汇总，但不能直接把结果反馈给员工。 2、参考答案：主要步骤通过绩效考评明确绩效现状。 根据工作说明书分析绩效标准。确认理想绩效与实际绩效的差距。分析绩效差距产生的原因。在根据绩效差距原因分析基础上，确认培训需求和培训对象。针对培训需求和培训对象拟定培训计划。3、某公司是山东一家著名企业。该公司在2007年由人力资源部主持开发和实施了一套绩效评估系统，试图使人力资源管理工作走上正轨和高效。然而运行一年多来，效果并不理想：(1)绩效评估往往以HR经理或直线经理与员工之间的非正式谈话为基础。 (2)绩效评估的标准相当模糊，导致绩效评分主观经常不正确。(3)该绩效评估系统无法向员工提供公司对其期望的信息，使员工对于要获得有利评分而需要将工作做到什么程度一无所知。(4)晋升、激励、调动和薪酬决策等缺少可靠的信息和数据。该公司的人力资源部总监想改善这一状况，然而又苦于无从着手。请根据案例回答下列问题：(1) 一个有效的绩效评估系统具有什么作用？( 2)该公司要有效地实施上述绩效评估系统，通常要进行哪些工作？1参考答案：一个有效的绩效评估系统的作用引导和激励员工的行为趋向于组织的目标。约束和监督员工行为以确保组织的目标得以实现。良好的绩效评估系统会提供一个系统的约束和监督员工工作绩效的方法。为人力资源管理实践提供决策的信息和数据。2参考答案：该公司要有效地实施上述绩效评估系统，通常要进行一下三方面的工作： 获取对该系统的支持。 选择评定者。很多企业认为绩效评估是人力资源经理负责的，而实际上，绩效评估必须由人力资源经理、部门经理或者同事共同进行。人力资源 部经理主要负责评估系统的开发、监督实施、培训和批准备案等工作；而部门经理是最熟悉员工的人，所以绩效评估工作的98%是部门经理来完成 的。确定恰当的评估时间安排。4、某公司自从2007年7月份开始实行目标管理，到现在运行了将近一年的时间了。然而，它的执行过程并不顺利， 每个月目标管理卡的填写或制作似乎成了各个部门经理的任务或者说是累赘，总感觉占了他们大部分的时间或者说是浪费了他们的许多时间。每个 月都是由办公室督促大家写目标管理卡。该公司目标管理的程序如下：(一)目标的制定1.总目标的确定前一年年末，公司老总在职工大会上作总结报告，并向全体职工讲明下一年度大体的工作目标。然后，在年初的部门经理会议上，总经理和副 总经理、各部门经理讨论协商确定该年的目标。2.部门目标的制定每个部门在前一个月的20日之前确定出下一个月的工作目标，并以目标管理卡的形式报告给总经理，总经理办公室留存一份，本部门留存一份。 目标分别为各个工作的权重以及完成的质量与效率，由权重、质量和效率共同来决定。最后由总经理审批，经批阅以后方可作为部门的工作最后得 分。3.目标的分解各个部门的目标确定以后，由部 门经理根据部门内部的具体的岗位职责以及内部分工协作情况进行分配。（二）目标的实施 目标的实施过程主要采用监督、督促并协调的方式，每个月月中由总经理办公室主任与人力资源部绩效主管共同或是分别到各个部门询问或是了解目标进行的情况，直接与各部门的负责人沟通，在这个过程中了解到哪些项目进行到什么地 步，哪些项目没有按规定的时间、质量完成，为什么没有完成，并督促其完成项目。（三）目标结果的评定与运用1 .目标管理卡首先由各部门的负责人自评，自评过程受人力资源部与办公室的监督，最后报总经理审批，总经理根据每个月各部门的工作情况，对 目标管理卡进行相应的调整以及自评的调整。2 .目标管理卡最后以考评得分的形式作为部门负责人的月考评分数，部门的员工的月考评分数的一部分来源于部门目标管理卡。这些考评分数作为 月工资的发放的主要依据之一。但是，在最近部门领导人大多数反映不愿意每个月填写目标管理卡，认为这没必要，但是明显地在执行过程中，部 门员工能够了解到本月自己应该完成的项目，而且每一个项目应该到什么样的程度是最完美的。还有在最近的一次与部门员工的座谈中了解到，有 的部门员工对本部门的目标管理卡不是很明确，其中的原因主要就是部门的办公环境不允许把目标管理卡张贴出来（个别的部门），如果领导每个月不对本部门员工解释明白，他们根本就不知道他们的工作目标是什么，只是每个月领导叫干什么就干什么，显得很被动”可是部门领导如今不愿 意作目标管理这一块，而且有一定数目的员工也不明白目标管理分解到他们那里的应该是什么。目前人力资源部的人数有限，而且各司其职。面对以上存在的问题，人力资源部应该怎样处理？请根据案例回答下列问题：（1 ） 该公司的目标管理总体上存在哪些问题？（2） 假设你是该公司的人力资源经理，你会采取哪些措施？1参考答案：问题目标的设置没有下属的参与，主观性较强，且缺少应有的层次。上下级缺少有效的沟通，各级员工对目标体系不甚了解。为各部门设置目标难以把握。考核的结果没能公开，员工不知道自己的前景怎样，该向什么方向前进。2参考答案：措施取得公司高层领导的支持。 充分沟通，让各部门经理及全体员工进一步详尽地了解“目标管理法”。 在确立目标和考核时，必须有下属充分参与，这样可以提高员工的工作积极性，降低决策失误的风险。 执行目标管理，必须要向下属充分授权，授予下属完成目标所必须的权力，下属在目标的引导下开展工作。 努力营造积极的组织环境，创造良好的工作氛围，提倡充分而公开的信息交流，让员工了解考核的结果，使员工明确什么使被组织承认的和如何努力得到组织承认，MBOf向绩效管理鼓励通过团队的努力实现目标，注重在目标牵引下的个人能力的成长。希望是本无所谓有，无所谓无的。这正如地上的路；其实地上本没有路，走的人多了，也便成了路。请您删除一下内容，O（n_n） O谢谢！ ！ 2015年中央电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备小抄,电大考试必过小抄 Shanghai s Suzhou Creek has witnessed much of the city histdrys Zhou Wenting travels this storied body of water and finds its most fascinating spots. Some lucky cities can boast a great body of water, like London with the river Thames and Paris with the river Seine. Shanghai is privileged enough to have two great bodies of water: Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek.Huangpu River became famous when colonists established clusters of grand buildings on its banks on what became known as the bund. Today, the bund overlooks the breathtaking skyline of Lujiazui financialstrict. Shanghai 1 s other body of water, however, Suzhou Creek, has beensomewhat overshadowed. Suzhou Creek links the inland cities of Jiangsu province with Shanghai. When the British colonists, whoarrived in the city after it was opened as a commercial port in 1843 found they could reach Suzhou, Jiangsu province, via the it creek, they named the Suzhou Creek. Thanks to its location, a large amount of cargo and travelers were transported via rail links were established. But aftercreek before and labor, the became acentury of being utilized as a waterway to transport goods creek grew dark and smelly. Industrial factories were established along banks. In the 1990s it of the city government to clean the creek. Suzhou Creek, which snakes 17 km from the iconic downtown to the outer ring road in west Shanghai, maps the changing periods of the city imprints of the concessions, the beginning of industrialization and the improvement in people Where the Bund began In-between the s history, shopping street of East Nanjing Road and the Bund, are a that give me the illusion that I am no longer insmodern Shanghai. The streets are narrow and old each other. Any old residential house may turn out tobe a former office of the British, constructed Pawnshops and hardware stores that are hard to find elsewhere, are plentiful here. This area, at the Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek, is called the Bund Origin. Countless tour buses stop at the site visitors from around world get off to see this place, the starting point of the concessions in the in 1872, when the former British Consulate General an the financial street of the East. Now the site of the translates to “the Bund Origin , to honor itskey task Waibaidu Bridge including the living conditions, cluster of streets and criss-cross in the 1880s. confluence of every day and city. It all starteda thethewas constructed and the Bund began its transformation into former consulate is called “No 1 WaitanyuanH , which beginnings. The entire complex of this historical site comprises General, the official residence of the consul, the former Union Shanghai Rowing Club. The size of the courtyard is equivalent of the former consulate is a two-storey masonry building on an The building is designed with a five-arch verandah on the while the facade features an entry portico beneath a where dinner and afternoon tea are available. Visitors can magnificent gardens with nearly 30 ancient trees, historical site. The road has been revamped as a pedestrian best spots. Altogether, 14 old buildings, including those used and 1930s, remain. Today, it is a popular location for Church, or Union Church, stands at the intersection of church, designed in the style of the English countryside, has a the concession period but was converted into factory offices original burned down in 2007. There used to be an outdoorof five buildings, the former British Consulate Church, the church apartments and the former to that of four standard soccer fields. The building H-shaped plan in typical English renaissance style, ground floor with a raised terrace facing the garden, colonnaded loggia. It has been turned into a caf e choose to sit indoors or outdoors to enjoy the Yuanmingyuan Road behind the complex is also a shopping street and high-end brands have seized the for offices and residences constructed during 1920s commercial fashion photo shootsNew Tian* an Yuanmingyuan Road and Suzhou Creek. The capacity of 500 people. It was very popular during after 1949. The church we see today is a replica, theswimming pool, the first of its kind in Shanghai, beside the church but has been filled-in and is now a small garden. Bridge of romance There is perhaps no other place thatf s more representative of Shanghai than this bridge, which appears in quitmavixisodibout the city. Dozens of couples visit every day to pose for their pre-wedding photos on the bridge where Suzhou Creek begins and interconnects with Huangpu River. This is Waibaidu Bridge, or the Garden Bridge. The soon-to-be-wed couples pose in splendid attire on the bridge, leaning against the railing or sitting on the wooden floor. Some even risk walking into the middle of the road to get the perfect shot.Colorful lights illuminate the bridge throughout the night, making it a picturesque place for pre-wedding portraits and lovers to meet. Constructed in 1873 and designed by a British company, the 106-meter-long bridge was the first-ever major bridge in Shanghai. In 1856, thefirst large wooden bridge, toll led to complaints from citizens. So 17 tolls, was built. People called it Waibaidu, renovated as a steel truss structure in 1907. Creek, the bridge is no longer a traffic a tradition in Shanghai for a grandmother she reaches one month. This represents its journey will be safe and smooth best option because it s the icon of held by her grandmother was also taken Shanghai native who has a newborn waterfront by Suzhou Creek in Changning to Jiangsu Road. It has become a popular overpass at the intersection of Changning and a 3-km plastic runway on both sides of expat. vvJogging on the two sides gives aWells Bridge, was built over Suzhou Creek but the bridge years later, another wooden bridge, which did not require which means going across for free . The bridge was Because nearly 40 bridges have now been built over Suzhou artery but is more of an observation deck for tourists. It is to walk across a bridge with their grandchild when he or that the newborn has overcome all the twists and turns and throughout his or her life. nWaibaidu Bridge is always the Shanghai. The picture of my daughter when she was a baby here. It 1 s like a family tradition；* says Wang Xuefen, a grandson. Changning Riverside There is a 5-km stretch of district on Changning Road from the intersection of Hami Road place to take a walk and sunbathe on the lawn. There is an Road and Gubei Road for people to enjoy the view of the creek Changning Road, which attracts people of all ages, Chinese and different feeling because the north side is next to the creek, andt know it was pollution. We thought it was a red waterfall；1 says H-yBag-Qlid Shanghai resident. ,fSo thethe south side is adjacent to the residential highrises, which is like jogging in the jungle；* says Xiao Xu, a 27-year-old woman who lives nearby. The riverside used to be completely different. Dozens of textile mills, chemical plants and machine manufacturing factories were set up along the creek in the 1920s. They brought industrialization but also pollution. From the 1930s the creek could no longer be used as a source for tap water, and no living fish or shrimp could be found. f,Suzhou Creek in my memory is dark and smelly. I used to go to the riverbank to watch the sewage disposal running out from the chemical plants when I was a little girl. We didn residential houses along the creek were unpopular, and only migrants with low incomes would live in that area；1 she says. However, things have changed. The plants were closed and turned into riverside parks and the apartments in the new highrises, especially those facing the creek, are much sought after. East China University of Political Science and LaAThis is the famous former Saint John s University, Chinaever srfonsern institution of higher education established by missionaries from the United States in 1879. The buildings combine Chinese and Western elements. Address: 1575 Wanhangdu Road, Changning district The old residential area After you leave the university from its east gate you will enter a shabby neighborhood that retains its original look. The alleys are narrow and the houses are overcrowded. Some things have not changed for many generations, such as raising chickens at home. Address: West Guangfu Road Moganshan Road This is an artsy street that has become very popular among artists and fashionistas in recent years. Graffiti covers the walls on the winding street, where you can find a cluster of art galleries and creative industry offices. Sihang WarehoiFseur banks jointly funded the construction of this warehouse, so it is named sihang, or four banks. The warehouse, built in 1931, was used for the storage of food, first-aid supplies and ammunition during the years of war. The building, which is also a masterpiece left by the Hungarian architect Laszlo Hudec in the 1930s, has been recently transformed into a center of creative industry workshops. Address: 1 Guangfu Road, Zhabei district