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Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the worldBook 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world. Teaching goals Talk about festivals and celebrations Festivals ; how festivals began; how festivals are celebrated Talk about the ways to express invitations and thanks Learn to use Modal verbs Write a similar story with a different endingII. Functional items功能句式Talk about festivals:*Festivals are meant to celebrate important events.*Whats your favorite holiday of the year?*What festivals or celebrations do you enjoy in your city or town?*Do you like spending festivals with your family or with your friends?*What part of a festival do you like bestthe music, the things to see, the visit or the food?*Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere.*They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty.*Some festivals are held to honor the dead or satisfy and please the ancestors.*Festivals can be held as an honor to famous people or the gods.*The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.*Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.Invitations:I wonder if you are interested in Id like to invite you to Would you like?Could/Would you please.? Id love to, but Im looking forward to . ThanksThats very kind of you . Thank you so much/Thanks a lot. Its a pleasure.Dont mention it. You are most welcome.词汇1. 四会词汇beauty , harvest, celebration, starve, origin, religious, ancestor, Mexico, feast, bone, belief, trick, poet, arrival, gain, independence, gather, agricultural, award, rooster, admire, energetic, Easter, clothing, Christian, custom, daily, worldwide, fool, permission , parking, apologize, down, sadness, obvious, wipe, weep, remind, forgive 2. 固定词组take place, in memory of, dress up, play a trick, look forward to, day and night, as though, have fun with, parking lot, turn up, keep ones word, hold ones breath, set off, remind of语法Modal verbs: may/ might, can/ could, will/ would, shall/should, must/ can can and could Jin can speak English well. (ability) Could you please show me the way to Beihai Park? (request) may and might May we see the awards for the teams? ( permission; request) If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. (possibility) will and would The Spring Festival is the most fun. The whole family will come for dinner. (promise; agreement) Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals.(past habit; custom) shall and should The harvest festival begins on Saturday. We shall be there with our friends.(promise) You should arrive at the airport two hours before he goes.(advice) must and cant Wang Feng wins an award every year. He must win next year.(prediction) You must be joking. That cant be true.(guessing)重点句子1. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time. (P1)2. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn.( P1)3. Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. (P2)4. They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. (P2)5. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.( P2)6. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. (P2)7. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds. (P2)8. It was the last day of school, but the teacher said that we could not leave early. (permission) (P5)9. The hunters have been lost for days. They could starve.(possibility) (P5)10. It was Valentines Day and Hu Jin had said she would meet him at the coffee shop after work. (P7)11. She said she would be there at seven oclock, and he thought she would keep her word. (P7)12. I dont want them to remind me of her. So he did. (P7)III. 教材分析与教材重组1. 教材分析本单元以节日为话题，介绍古今中外节日的种类、由来、意义以及人们的活动和习俗，旨在通过本单元的学习使学生不但了解我国的节日，而且对外国的节日也有所了解，进而拓展社会文化背景、增加跨国文化知识；使学生复习和巩固运用请求和感谢的表达法，掌握情态动词的用法；并尝试根据阅读的文章写一个不同的结局，能表达自己的观点和想法。1.1 Warming Up 旨在通过表格引导学生讨论并列举出五个我国节日的日期、庆祝内容和民俗。可以刚刚过去的春节为话题导入对节日的讨论；使他们由自己的经历谈起，扩展到别的节日以及外国的重要节日，激发学生的兴趣，激活他们关于节日的背景知识，为本单元的学习做准备。1.2 Pre-reading是Reading 的热身活动。主要通过两个问题引导学生思考并讨论自己最喜欢的节日及欢度方式，进而了解学生对节日的认识，以便为阅读作好铺垫。1.3 Reading 的五篇小短文分别介绍古代节日、亡灵节、纪念名人的节日、丰收节、春天的节日等，使学生了解各种节日的由来及其存在的意义。此部分载有Festivals的重要信息，还呈现了大量的词汇和主要的语法-情态动词的用法。处理时应作为重点、整体处理，通过上下文来教词汇、语法，并引导学生分析长句、难句和复杂句。1.4 Comprehending是考察对阅读内容的进一步理解, 该部分设置了六项练习。练习1：表格列出了四种类型的节日，要求学生依据课文内容，填写相应的节日名称和国家，主要检查学生对课文整体内容的理解情况。练习2：要求学生根据课文内容回答若干个问题。练习3：表格填充练习，要学生先在两人小组内讨论，然后按照课文内容列出不同节日的共同点，以及节日对世界各地人民意义重要的原因。 练习 4：要求学生以两人小组的形式讨论“哪些节日最重要，哪些最有趣”，然后填写表格，填充内容是节日的类型，具体实例和选择这些节日的个人理解，共同合作，完成任务。1.5 Learning about Language 分词汇学习和语法学习两部分。其中Discovering useful words and expressions是本单元单词的英文释义练习和用文章中的词汇的适当形式填空；Discovering useful structures 是以文章内容为载体在语境中练习语法，掌握情态动词。由此可以看出本教材已明显地由结构为特征的传统语法训练转变到以交际功能为特征的功能语法训练，充分体现了新教材话题、功能、结构相结合的特点。1.6 Using Language 是英语听说读写的全面运用的练习。 1.6 Listening 是课文的延伸，通过听几位学生参加Trinidad Carnival 节日游行的两段对话，使学生体会参加节日游行的真实情景，既训练听力一通过问题训练了他们的分析能力。1.6 Speaking 分为两步。第一步，通过电话突出交际用语功能的训练；第二步，让学生编对话，可以按自己的想象、经历为内容，训练思维和表达能力。1.6 Reading 是发生在情人节的一个令人伤心的爱情故事，其中又插入了一个“七巧节”的故事。阅读后的讨论不仅帮助学生理解文章主旨大意，更重要的是让学生学会寻求解决问题的方法。1.6 Writing 的任务是写一个与文章结尾不同的结局。旨在让学生通过思考写出自己的想法，尝试自己解决问题。总之，通过本单元的系统学习，让学生了解世界各国的节日及民俗，学习有关节日的词汇，并能够丰富语言知识，提升用英语表达观点的能力。2. 教材重组2.1 可将Warming up，Pre-reading，Reading，Comprehending整合成一节阅读课。2.2 将Learning about Language与Workbook中的Using words & expressions Using structures结合成一节语言学习课。2.3 可将Workbook中的 Listening task与Workbook 中的Reading task整合在一起上一堂听读课。2.4 将Using language 中的Listening and speaking，整合成一节听说课,旨在启发学生讨论、思考关于节日的话题。2.5. 泛读 可将Using Language中的Reading &Writing上成一节 读写课。3. 课型设计与课时分配 (经分析教材, 本单元可以用五课时教完。)Period 1 Warming up and reading Period 2 Learning about languagePeriod 3 Listening and reading Period 4 Listening and speakingPeriod 5 Reading and writingIV. 分课时教案Period 1 Warming up and readingTeaching goals1. To get the students to talk about festivals2. To learn about how festivals begin and how to celebrate festivals so as to enable them to learn more about different cultures while learning different language3. To develop the students reading skills : skimming, scanning, summarizing, and finding out details.4. To arouse the students interest in festivals, cultures, especially those in China，thus promote their culture awareness.Important points1. Comprehension of the reading part.2. Knowledge accumulation of festivals and cultures.3. Useful words and expressions concerning festivals.Teaching aidsA computer, a projector, courseware, a tape-recorderTeaching procedures1. Lead-in1) Greetings: T: Good morning, girls and boys. Happy New Year. Ss: Good morning. Happy New Year.2) Talk about winter vacation:T: Did you have fun/enjoy yourselves in the winter vacation? What did you do? Whod like to tell us something about your winter vacation? Lets share.S1, S2, T: well, girls and boys, most of us seem to be happy during the winter vacation, old or young. The whole country was filled with joy and excitement. Can you tell me why?Ss: Because of the Spring Festival.2. Warming-up 1) Show some pictures about the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival. Ask them to talk about what they did during the two festivals.T: Did you have fun during the Spring Festival/ the Lantern Festival? What do people do? What do people eat? What does it celebrate?2) Show some more pictures of festivals, ask students to guess what festivals they are.T: Look at the pictures, can you tell us which festival is it about? When does it take place? What do they celebrate? What do people do? Discuss with your partners. The Dragon-boat Festival, Mid-autumn Day, and the Double Ninth Festival.3) Well-done. In fact, there are plenty of festivals throughout the world, and different festivals take place in different cultures. Here you are given a quiz:FestivalsTime of Year/dateWhat it celebrateWhat people doMid-autumn Festivalautumn / fallThe beauty of the full moon, harvest , time with family and friends.Give/Eat mooncakes and watch the full moon with family and friends.Spring FestivalJanuary / FebruaryThe end of winter, arrival of spring, Lunar New Year, reunion with family and relatives.Give money in red paper to children; see dragon dances; eat fish. prawns and dumplings; visit family members.National DayOctober 1The founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949.Take time off work; travel to visit family or to see other parts of China or the world; go shopping.Dragon Boat Festival/Duanwu FestivalThe fifth day of the fifth month in lunar calendarThe memory of the beloved poet Qu Yuan who died in 278 BC.Eat Zongzi; watch dragon boat races; throw rice wrapped in reed leaves into water in memory of Qu Yuan; put herbs on doorways for good health3. Reading1) Fast readingT: Got it. You seem to know many festivals of China. But do you other festivals in different countries and how these festivals began? What do people do to celebrate? Luckily, the passage provides you much information. Read the passage quickly and find out the festivals mentioned here:Festivals of the Dead; Festivals to Honour People; Harvest Festivals; Spring Festivals2) Now, lets get to know more about these festivals, listen to the tape and find out the information accordingly to fill in the form and answer the questions:Kinds of FestivalsNames of FestivalsCountriesFestivals of the deadObonDay of the deadHalloweenJapanMexicosome Western countriesFestivals to Honour PeopleDragon Boat FestivalColumbus DayFestival to honour GandhiChinaUSAIndiaHarvest Festivalsharvest/Thanksgiving festivalsmid-autumn festivalsEuropean and other countriesChina and JapanSpring FestivalsSpring FestivalEaster and related holidaysCherry Blossom FestivalChinasome Western countries JapanParagraph 1:*When did ancient people celebrate? at the end of winter When good weather returned a good harvest animals caught When they wanted a year of plenty*What about festivals now?have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or eventsParagraph 2: Festivals of the deadFestivalsWhereWhenWhat to doWhat to eatObonJapanIn July or AugustClean the gravesLight incenseLight lampsPlay music/The Day of the DeadMexicoIn early NovemberPeople offer food, flowers and gifts to the deadFood in the shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on themHalloweenThe U.S and some other Western countriesOctober 31Go to neighboursDress up and try to frighten people/*Are there any similar festivals in China? What to do? What to eat? The Qing Ming FestivalParagraph 3: Festivals to Honour PeopleFestivalsCountryPeople honouredThe Dragon Boat FestivalChinaQu Yuan, the famous ancient poetColumbus DayThe USAChristopher ColumbusNational FestivalIndiaMahatma GandhiAny other festivals which are meant to honour people in China? Who is honoured?Tree-planting Day -Sun ZhongshanParagraph 4: Harvest Festivals1) Why are autumn festivals happy events?Because people are grateful and happy and a season of agricultural work is over.2) What do people do to celebrate it?In European countries, it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit; get together to have meals, win awards for their farm produce; admire the moon, enjoy mooncakes.Paragraph 5: Spring FestivalsFestivalsCountryWhat to doThe Lunar Chinese New YearChinaEat dumplings, fish and meatGive lucky moneyDragon dancesCarnivalsChristian countriesParades, dancing , loud music , colourful clothingThe Cherry Blossom FestivalJapanEnjoy the cherry tree flowersParagraph 6: What are the purposes of festivals?Festivals: To have fun with each other / To let us enjoy life / To be proud of our customs/ To forget our daily life for a little while / To honour the dead / To honour famous people / To celebrate harvest/To welcome a new year and look forward to the future / To ask people to pay attention to something4) Well-done. Since you have got to know the information related to these festivals, Id like you to have a quiz to check whether you have fully understood the text. Use the information from the reading passage to answer the following questions.Suggested answers to exercise 2:(1). Festivals of the Dead are for honouring or satisfying dead ancestors or others, who some people believe might return to help or harm living people.(2). Autumn festivals are happy events because people are thankful that food it ready for winter and the hard farm work is finished.(3). At spring festivals, people usually have dances, carnivals and other activities to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring. (4). It is important to have festivals and celebrations so we can enjoy life/ be proud of our customs / for get our work for a little while.(5). The Chinese, Japanese and Mexican festivals of the dead all have customs to honour the dead. The Chinese and Japanese go to clean their ancestors graves, and the Mexicans offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. However, there are some differences. The Mexicans eat special food that looks like bones, something the Chinese and Japanese do not do.4. Pair workBased on the reading passage, what do most festivals seem to have in common? Why do you think these things might be important to people everywhere? Talk with your partner and fill in the chart below.Three common thingsReasons why they are important to people everywhere1 23Three common things might be from the following: food, music, entertainment, being with family and friends, dance, lights or fires, remembering events or peopleReasons why they are important to people everywhere will vary.5. Group workDiscuss in pairs which festivals you think are the most important and which are the most fun. Then fill in the chart with your ideas.Type of festival Example of festivalReasons for your choiceMost importantMost funAnswers will vary.6. Homework1) Find out useful words and expressions, beautiful sentences and finish the exercises in Learning about Language accordingly.2) Write an introduction of the festival your group have created.7. Language points:1) Festival are meant to celebrate important times of years. 节日就是庆祝每年中重要时刻的活动。(1). mean doing sth.mean doing sth. 的意思是“意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）”, 其主语通常是指事物的词。(2). mean to do sth. mean to do sth. 的意思是“打算或企图做某事”，其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，其过完成式表示“本来打算做某事”。(3). mean sb. to do sth.mean sb. to do sth. 的意思是“打算让某人做某事”，也可以用于被动结构。(4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句mean 后接名词或副词，意为“表示；打算；存心”等意思；后接that 从句，意为“表示”。(5). be meant for该短语的意思是“打算给予；打算作用”。In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting2). Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time.讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间进行，庆祝的是什么事件，并说出人们那时做什么。 take place 发生；举行 The performance didnt take place after all.演出终于没有进行。 Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place?事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？Great changes _ in China in the last two decades. A. have taken place B. took place C. have been taken place D. are happening3. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. 世界各地从古时就有各种各样的节日庆典。 That kind of question is very difficult to answer. = Questions of that kind are difficult to answer. 那类问题是很难解答的。 We sell all kinds of shoes. = We sell shoes of all kinds. 我们卖各式各样的鞋。 You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo. = You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo.你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动4.or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. .取悦祖先, 使他们得到满足,以为(祖先们)有可能回来帮助他们,也有可能带来危害。1) satisfy vt. 满足,使满意; satisfy sb. satisfied a. 感到满意的; be satisfied with satisfying a. 令人愉快的 satisfaction n. 满意; to ones satisfaction satisfactorily ad. 满意地 satisfactory a. 令人满意的2) hurt, injure, harm, damage, wound的区别与用法 hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害,也可精神上, 感情上的伤害。 如:The girl hurt herself badly in the accident. 那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重。 injure比hurt正式, hurt多指伤痛, 而 injure则指损害健康, 成就, 容貌等, 强调功能的损失。 如:He injured his hand while playing basketball. 他在打篮球时手受了伤。 damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失, 这种损失 或因自然灾害所致, 或因人为造成。如： Several cars were damaged in the accident. 好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了。 wound 指枪伤, 刀伤, 刺伤等皮肉之伤, 是出血的, 严重的伤, 特指战场上受伤, 它可以指 肉体上的伤害, 也可指人们精神上的创伤。如: The bullet wounded his left leg. 子弹打伤了他的左腿。do harm to sb.=do sb. harm=harm sb.伤害某人 do more harm than good 弊大于利 Smoking will do you harm. Smoking will do more harm to you than good. If we solve the problem in this way, it may do more harm than good5 .For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. in memory or 纪念。如：They set up a monument in memory of the soldiers who died in World War II.6. They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. leadto领往；使得出(结论) lead to通向；引起，导致请把客人领到会客室去。Please lead the guests to the reception-room.你是如何得出这个结论的?What led you to this conclusion?条条道路通罗马。All roads lead to Rome. The path leads to the village.食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems7. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. award. n. 奖, 奖品 v. 判给, 授予 award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物辨析: award 和reward： award后接双宾语 award sb. a metal 授予某人奖章 reward 奖赏, 给报酬, 不能接双宾语; reward sb. for sth. 因 奖赏某人； reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人8. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 最富有生气而有最重要的节日就是告别冬天迎来春天的日子。 look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待着(做)某事, 其中的to是介词, 而不是动词不定式符号。 Children are looking forward to Spring Festival. 孩子们渴盼着过年。 Hes looking forward to hearing from his pen pal. 他期待着笔友来信。9. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. 整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。as though和as if没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。(1) 引导方式状语从句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。 当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又含有动词to be时, 可以把主语和to be一起省去。 He looked about as though (he was) in search of something 他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。(2) 引导表语从句 It looks as if its going to rain 看样子天要下雨了。as though和as if从句用虚拟语气,还是用陈述语气。完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反,或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。 The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。Period 2 Learning about Language
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