综合教程第二册unit2讲稿

Unit 2 ValuesText AGlobal Reading. Part Division of the Text PartParagraph(s)Main Ideas112The writers encounter with a boy who raised the question “Are you poor?”2312In search of an answer the writer finds that not having expensive possessions doesnt make him feel poor mainly because he enjoys life in many other ways.313In conclusion, the writer thinks hes grown to understand more about himself because of the boys question. Further Understanding For Part 1 Table Completion About the question the author was askedWho asked the question?A boy.What was the question?Are you poor?What was the authors reply?Well, I have more than some people, but not as much as others.What did the mother do after the question was asked?She scolded her son.For Part 2True or False1. The author has taken just two vacation trips in the past 35 years. (F)(=The author has taken just one vacation trips in the past 35 years.)2. One of his main sources of enjoyment is to talk with many actor friends. (F)(=One of his main sources of enjoyment is to talk with many interesting writer friends.)3. The author feels quite natural about not being focused on material goods. (T)4. Only a small part of people in the world would consider the authors lifestyle to be affluent. (F) (=Many people throughout the world would consider the authors lifestyle to be affluent.)5. The author has a sense of belonging as he put on the Salvation Armys red apron. (T)Questions and Answers1. How does the author think of attaining the material things? (=He thinks it is just a passing whim.)2. When does the author feel rich inside? (=He feels rich inside when he writes a beautiful line of poetry, or fabricate a funny joke.)3. How did the author think of the girl before he took her to his apartment? (=He thought the girl was so special that he could share life with.)4. What is something that the author feels deeply connected to? (=People helping people.)Detailed Reading. Difficult Sentences1. (LL. 12) It was early December 2003, my first season as a Salvation Army bell ringer, when I was confronted with the question.1. What does a Salvation Army bell ringer do?(=To ring the bell and ask people to donate money to help the poor.)2. Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=首次面对这个问题，是在2003年12月初我第一次为救世军摇铃募捐的时候。)2. (LL. 56) I can still see the confusion and curiosity in his eyes as he asked, “Are you poor?” 1. Why did the boy ask such a question?(=Because he was confused and curious.)2. How much did the boy know about the Salvation Army bell ringer?(=Obviously he knew nothing about that.)3. (LL. 78) “Well,” I stammered, trying to think, “I have more than some people, but not as much as other.” 1. How did the author think of the question?(=He thought it was difficult to answer.)2. What does the authors answer mean?(=This means he is neither poor nor rich.)4. (LL. 89) His mother scolded him for the social no-no .1. What is “social no-no”? (=Something that is socially inappropriate.)2. Why did the mother scold her son?(=Because the author looked poor, the question was socially inappropriate to ask.)5. (LL. 1314) Yet I feel nothing more than a passing whim to attain the material things so many other people have.1. What do many other people have?(=The material things.)2. Please paraphrase this sentence. (=However, I have only occasionally felt the urge to go after the material things so many other people have.)6. (LL. 1920) And I love the “can do” attitude that follows.1. What is the “can do” attitude?(=That is self confidence.)2. How do you understand this sentence?(=And I love the feeling of self confidence brought by brisk exercises.)7. (L. 31) Shortly after her visit, our relationship went straight south. 1. What was their relationship after her visit?(=Their relationship went sour. That is to say, they were no longer boyfriend and girlfriend.)2. Why there was such a change in their relationship?(=Because the girl actually paid much attention to material things although she claimed that she was interested in what was on the inside, and after she went to the authors apartment, she found he was really poor.) 8. (LL. 3538) There is a commercial on the radio that begins, “Everybody wants a high-end TV ” The pressure to purchase is real. It may be true that everybody wants a high-end TV. After all, nobody wants to be a nobody.1. What is “a high-end TV”? (=A TV that is expensive and of high quality.)2. What can be inferred from this part about what role commercials can play in society?(=Commercials can put people under pressure to purchase more than is really necessary.)9. (L. 49) December is the time of year I feel wealthiest. Why does the author think so?(=Because December is the time for him to work for the Salvation Army as a bell ringer, which gives him a genuine sense of belonging and brings him happiness in helping others.)10. (LL. 5051) Over the past four years, Ive grown to understand more about myself because of a single question from a curious child.1. How has the boys question affected the author?(=The boys question has helped him realize that, despite his lack of expensive possessions, he is rich in many other ways and should be thankful for that.)2. Translate this sentence into Chinese. (=由于一个好奇的孩子提了一个简单问题，我在过去的四年中对自己的了解进了一步。). Words and Expressions1. (L. 2) confront: vt. 1) (of a problem, difficulty, etc.) face (sb.) threateningly * The difficulties that confront us seem insuperable.* A major difficulty that confronts international students is how best to judge the quality of a program in a foreign university.2) (of a person) face and deal with (a problem, difficulty, etc.)军人必须面对危险和死亡。(=A soldier has to confront danger and death.)* Astronauts have to confront the unknown. be confronted with: be brought face to face (=The prisoner was confronted with his accusers.) * conclusions that can be confronted with experience2. (L. 3) donation: n. money or goods given for a good cause* The hospital receives a good deal of money in donations.他们对慈善事业慷慨捐助。(=They made a generous donation to charity.)Collocation:a blood donation献血make/give a donation 捐赠promise a donation允诺捐助3. (L. 5) confusion: n. a state of uncertainty about what sth. means, etc.* The enemy retreated in great confusion.他们的突然到来打乱了我们的计划。(=Their unexpected arrival threw our plan into confusion.)Collocation:covered with confusion非常慌张in confusion乱七八糟，处于混乱状态throw into confusion 使狼狈，使慌乱N.B.: 该词的动词为confuse，confusing意思是“令人困惑、迷惑的”， confused意思是“糊涂的、混杂的”。4. (L. 5) curiosity: n. a strong desire to know about sth. * Just to satisfy my curiosity, how much did you pay for your car?(=We burned with curiosity over what was in the box.)5. (L. 7) stammer: v. speak with a tendency to repeat rapidly the same sound or syllable* Its cruel to make fun of people who stammer.他结结巴巴地道了谢。(=He stammered his thanks.)6. (L. 10) deny: vt.1) say that sth. is not true * There is no denying the fact that Japan began to invade China as early as the early 1930s. 2) refuse to admit or accept(=He denied knowing anything about their plans.)7. (L. 10) fill out: add information such as your name and address in (a form or document)* It took me quite a while to fill out the questionnaire.请把附表填好。(=Please fill out the attached blank.)8. (L. 11) fall into: belong to (a particular group of things that have similar qualities) 理事会成员们意见相左，分成自由和保守两个阵营(=The council members disagreed, falling into liberal and conservative camps.) * All whales fall into two groups, those with teeth and those without.9. (L. 13) nothing more than: only, just(=Happiness is nothing more than good health and a bad memory.) 这只不过是个杜撰的故事而已。(=It is nothing more than a made-up story.)10. (L. 19) attain: vt. succeed in achieving, esp. after a lot of effort 我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。(=Im determined to attain my purpose at any cost.)* She attained her ambition of becoming a pilot.11. (L. 16) minimal: adj. very small in size or amount; as small as possible 暴风雨只造成极轻微的损失。(=The storm did only minimal damage.) * The Ford CEO offered to work for a minimal salary of one dollar a year. N.B.: 该词的动词为minimize。反义词为maximal。12. (L. 21) cherish: vt. love (sth./sb.) very much and protect them(=Riding horses with my mother when I was a kid has become a cherished memory.) * She cherished the child as though he were her own.13. (L. 21) fabricate: vt. make up (a story, a piece of information, etc.) in order to deceive people * Have you ever lied a little, or fabricated a story about yourself, to impress someone you meet the first time?她缺席的借口显然是瞎编的。(=The excuse for her absence was obviously fabricated.)14. (L. 22) tickle: v. 1) amuse and interest * The comedian tickled the crowd with his jokes. * It tickled her to think that her boss would dress up as a clown at the New Year party.2) move ones fingers on a sensitive part of anothers body in a way that makes them laugh * She tickled the boys feet and made him laugh. 婴儿喜欢轻轻呵痒和紧紧拥抱。(=Babies like to be tickled and hugged.)15. (L. 25) vital: adj. very important, necessary, or essential(=This point is vital to my argument.) * The leaders vital and cheerful manner filled his men with courage.Pattern: be vital to 对极为重要16. (L. 25) well off: rich, or having enough money to live well * The Communist Party of China will lead the Chinese people in building a well-off society. 如果他年轻时多努力一点，现在就能过得舒服些。 (=If he had worked harder when young, he would be well off now.)17. (L. 26) emotional: adj. connected with peoples feelings(=His emotional language reduced many of the audience to tears.)* Nature has programmed us all with both physical and emotional needs.18. (L. 26) pursuit: n. the act of looking for or trying to find 我们为追求幸福生活而努力工作。(=We work hard in pursuit of happy life.)* He exercises every day in pursuit of health.19. (L. 26) out of place: feeling uncomfortable or not suitable in a particular situation* Your jokes are out of place on such a solemn occasion.在正式的舞会上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。(=At the formal party I felt very awkward and out of place.)20. (L. 34) in contrast to: when a contrast is made to * In contrast to her sister, she is very tall.(=In contrast to his brother, he is always considerate of others.)21. (L. 35) consequence: n. a result of sth. that has happened * Jimmy experienced severe headache as a consequence of heavy drinking the night before. 这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。 (=Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disastrous consequences.)Collocation:as a consequence因而，结果in consequence因此，结果in consequence of的结果，因为的缘故，由于of consequence有势力的，重要的take the consequences自食其果，承担责任(Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.1. The dilemmas that parents find themselves in today is a _ of changes in society. (=consequence)2. I tried to persuade him, but with little or no _. (=effect)3. One of the _ of this illness is that you lose your hair. (=effects)4. It represents the _ of ten years labor. (=result)5. The high level of unemployment has produced harmful social _. (=consequences)22. (L. 36) commercial: 1. n. an advertisement on TV or radio* TV commercials today are more imaginative than they were 20 years ago.2. adj. relating to business * He left the commercial world to become a government official. 商业函件(=commercial correspondence)23. (L. 39) focus: v. concentrate (ones attention, etc.) on (sth.); concentrate (on sth.) (=You should focus your attention on your work.)* The only way to attain your goals is to stay focused and work hard.24. (L. 41) affluent: adj. rich enough to buy things for pleasure 自然资源丰富的土地(=land affluent in natural resources) * In an affluent society people can afford to strike a balance between work and life.25. (L. 43) genuine: adj. real, true 他真心诚意地愿意帮助我们。 (=He has a genuine desire to help us.)* It appears to be genuine, but I have my suspicions about it.26. (L. 45) go through: experience (sth. difficult or unpleasant)* Hes amazingly cheerful considering all that hes gone through. 孩提时代, 他经历了一个又一个的艰难困苦。(=When he was a child, he went through one hardship after another.) (Directions:) Choose the appropriate translation for the expression “go through” in the following sentences.A. 检查、审查、搜查B. 完成、做完C. 遭受、经历D. 看完D 1. How long will it take to go through the book?C 2. Im flattered that you went through all this trouble just for me.A 3.They went through our luggage at the customs.B 4. With great concentration she went through the movements.27. (L. 47) linger: vi. 1) last or continue for a long time * Before leaving Suzhou, we took a last lingering look at the beautiful view.(=The beautiful melody is lingering in my mind.)2) take a long time to leave or disappear * He lingered outside the school after everybody else had gone home.28. (L. 47) individual: 1. n. person considered separately from their society 个人权利 (=rights of individuals)* The welfare of the individual is bound up with the welfare of the community. 2. adj. of or for one person* A good coach knows how to take best advantage of the strength of each individual player on the team. * She has her own individual way of walking.29. (L. 52) tangible: adj. that can be clearly seen to exist; that you can touch and feel* Tangible assets refer to those assets that have a physical form, such as machinery, buildings and land.(=Sculpture is a tangible art form.)N.B.: 该词的反义词为intangible。 After Reading. Useful Expressions1. 面临，遭遇be confronted with2. 仰头向上看look up at3. 填写fill out4. 属于fall into5. 仅仅，不多于，不强于 nothing more than6. 转瞬即逝的念头a passing whim7. 磨损，损耗wear and tear8. 虽然，尽管in spite of9. 期望，盼望look forward to10. 富裕的，有钱的 well off11. 不自在，格格不入 out of place12. 陈旧的家具dated furniture13. 之后不久shortly after14. 走下坡路，失败 go south15. 转折点a turning point16. 与形成对比 in contrast to17. 对予以注意，致力于 focus on18. 归属感a sense of belonging19. 遭遇困难 go through a rough time20. 久不消逝的微笑 a lingering smile21. 为感恩 be thankful for22. 收入最低的档次 the lowest income bracket23. 创作才能 the gift of creativity24. 对物质财富的追求 the pursuit of possessions. Sentence Translation1. The pressure to purchase is real. It may be true that everybody wants a high-end TV. After all, nobody wants to be a nobody.(=购买这种电视机的压力千真万确。也许每个人真的都想要一台高档电视机，毕竟没有人想做一个无名之辈。)2. I was standing just outside the doorway of a Wal-Mart, offering a “thank you” and a smile to each person who dropped a donation into my red kettle. (=当时我就站在沃尔玛商场入口处门外，对每一位向我的红壶里投入捐款的人都报以一声“谢谢”和一个微笑。)3. My 1999 car shows the wear and tear of 105, 000 miles. But it is still dependable. (=我的汽车是1999年的产品，到现在开了十万五千英里，已经很破很旧了，但是它依然可靠。)4. But there is one vital area of my life where I am not so well off. In a society that spends so much emotional energy on the pursuit of possessions, I feel out of place. (=但是在我生活中，有一个重要方面我并不那么富有。在一个对物资财富的追求投入如此之多心力的社会中，我觉得很不自在。)5. 然而，想要得到其他那么多人都有的物质的东西, 对我来说，只不过是转瞬即逝的念头而已。 (=Yet I feel nothing more than a passing whim to attain the material things so many other people have.) 6. 五十三年来我一直非常健康。我不但不生病，而且精力充沛，情绪饱满。 (=Ive enjoyed exceptionally good health for 53 years. Its not just that Ive been illness-free, its that I feel vigorous and spirited.)7. 当我写出美丽的诗句，或编造出能把人逗乐的笑话，我内心感到很富有。通过写作而获得的洞察力，不断地令我惊奇。 (=When I write a beautiful line of poetry, or fabricate a joke that tickles someone, I feel rich inside. Im continually surprised at the insights that come through my writing process.)8. 她对我说，对她而言，最重要的是“一个人的内心”。我以为我找到了非同一般的生活伴侣。 (=What was most important to her, she told me, was whats on the inside. I thought I had found someone special to share my life with.)Text B. Culture Notes1. Rolls-Royce any of the large, expensive, comfortable cars made by the British company Rolls-Royce The company was formed in 1905-1906 by Charles Rolls (1877-1910) and Henry Royce (1863-1933). Rolls-Royce Motor Cars was sold to Volkswagen in 1998.2. dime store Its a store offering a wide assortment of inexpensive items, formerly costing five or ten cents, for personal and household use.3. Ford Motor Company a large US company that makes cars established in Detroit in 1903 by Henry Ford It has produced the Lincoln since 1922 and the Mercury since 1938. 4. Forbes Forbes is an American business magazine. It is noted for its lists of the richest men and women in business.5. Samuel Moore Walton Life time March 29, 1918April 5, 1992Identityfounder of the American retailer Wal-MartThe first Wal-Martopened on July 2, 1962 in ArkansasPioneering practice and recipes for success 1) The shelves were consistently stocked with a wide range of goods at low prices2) The store stayed open later than most other stores.3) He practiced discount merchandising to pass on savings to his customers and drive up his sales volume. . Language Study1. (para. 2) discount: n. amount of money which may be taken off the full price * Traditional retailers whove opened cyber-stores may offer special discounts to online shoppers. 尽管网上书店常有折扣，但不要期望能省多少。(=Although online bookstores usually offer discounts, dont expect to save much.)2. (para. 5) folk: n. people in general (You can refer to people as folk or folks.) * These are the folks from the local TV station. 他们结了婚，有了孩子，像其他人一样生活。(=They got married and had kids and lived like other folks.)3. (para. 5) get away with: do sth. wrong or risky without being caught or punished (In the text, it means “do sth. without experiencing any problems or difficulties”) * They claimed that they knew how to play the system and get away with it. 艾力克偷税漏税好些年，都没碰到麻烦。(=Eric has been getting away with tax fraud for years.)4. (para. 5) Only in America can a billionaire carry on like plain folks and get away with it. Paraphrase the sentence. (=Only in America can a very rich person live like ordinary people without experiencing any problems.)5. (para. 5) local: adj. of or for a particular place * The plane was to take off at 6 a.m. and land at 7 a.m. local time. 主办奥运会所需的四分之三的投资将由中央政府和当地政府承担。(=Three-quarters of the investment needed to host the Olympics would be borne by central and local government.)6. (para. 6) corporate: adj. relating to large companies * The two companies decided to merge to take advantage of similarities in their corporate cultures. 谷歌公司总部位于加州的山景城。(=The corporate headquarters of Google Inc. is located in Mountain View, California.)7. (para. 7) by all accounts: according to what everyone says * The Chinese football team will play the Koreans tonight. It should be a match worth watching, by all accounts. 大家都说汤姆是个很棒的老师。(=Tom, by all accounts, is a superb teacher.)8. (para. 7) blend: v. mix together * The singer is known for blending Latin pop and American mainstream pop in her songs. 我们早饭吃什么？混合了香蕉、草莓、椰枣和芒果的水果布丁。(=What do we have for breakfast? A fruit pudding of blended bananas, strawberries, dates and mangos.)blend in/into: If sb. bl