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锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷 管 electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管 hot-rolling seamless pipe 冷拔无缝钢管 cold-drawing seamless pipe 水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe 塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头baseelbowk 半径弯头 long radius elbow 短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径 180°弯头 long radius return 短半径180°弯头 short radius return 带侧向口的弯头（右 向或左向） side outlet elbow (righthand or left hand)双支管弯头（ 形） double branch elbow 三通 tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlettee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为 异径） reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通 口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为 异径） 45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通 (一个直通 口为异径 ) 45 ° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通 (一个直通 口及支管为异径)45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y 型三通（俗称裤衩）true “ Y ”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径） reducingcross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支 口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通 口及两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer 偏心异径管 eccentric reducer 锻制异径管 reducing swage 螺纹支管台 threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台 boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头 reducing coupling 活接头 union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（ 形） cross-over bend 偏置弯管（ 形） offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（ ?形）single offsetquarter bendS 形弯管“ S” bend单侧偏置 U 形膨胀弯管（ |?形）singleoffset “ U” bendU 形弯管“ U” bend双偏置 U 膨胀弯管 double offset expansion “U ” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管 3-piece mitre bend 折皱弯管 corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG ）整体管法兰 integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-onflange(SO); slip-on welding flange承插焊法兰 socket welding flange 松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange 对焊环 welding neck collar （与 stub end 相 似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级 pressurerating, pressure rating class 压力温度等级 pressure-temperaturerating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing 突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度 arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片 flat ring gasket 平金属垫片 flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝 加强的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片nongraphitedcompressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressedasbestos classgasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFEimpregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片 spiral-wound metalgasket with asbestos filler内环 inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket 波纹金属包嵌石棉垫 片corrugatedmetalgasket with asbestosinserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugatedchain operated full bore; full portreducing bore, reduced port,venturimetal double jacketed asbestos filledgasket双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flatmetaljacketedasbestosfilled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solidmetalserratedgasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket 环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket 八角环形垫片 octagonal ring gasket 椭圆环形垫片 oval ring gasket 透镜式垫片lensgasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门Valve阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭 outside screw and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seatring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、 杆等内件） trim 阀盘 disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖 welded bonnet (WB) 本体阀杆密封 body stem seal 石棉安全密封 asbestosemenen seal 倒密封 backseal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器powered operator电动操纵器 electric motor operator 气动操纵器 pneumatic operator 液压操纵器 hydraulic operator快速操纵器 quick-acting operator 滑动阀杆 sliding stem正齿轮传动 spur gear operated 伞齿轮传动 bevel gear operated 扳手操作 wrench operated 链轮 chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的 cylinder operated链条操纵的等径孔道异径孔道port短型short pattern紧凑型（小型） compact type 笼式环 lantern ring压盖gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)指示器 /限位器indicator/stopper注油器greaseinjector可更换的阀座环renewable seatring常用阀(1）闸阀gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat 开口楔形闸板 split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳 flexible solid wedge 整体楔形闸板 solid wedge塞型闸阀plug gate valve直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve(2) 截止阀globe valve球心型阀盘globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀throttle valve针阀needle valve(4)角阀 angle valve(5)Y 型阀（ Y 型阀体截止阀）Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve装有底轴的 trunnion mounted 耐火型 fire safe type浮动球型floating ball type防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem(7) 蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型） wafer type 凸耳式 lug type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve 连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve 旋塞 cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragmvalve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve 堰式隔膜阀 weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve, flap checkvalve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve 双板对夹式止回阀dualplatewafertypecheck valve无撞击声止回阀 non-slam cheek valve 底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-returnvalve活塞式止回阀piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀 tilting disc check valve 蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄 气阀 pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve 罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀solenoidvalve,solenoidoperated valve电动阀electricallyoperated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve 低温用阀 cryogenic service valve 蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open topbucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metalexpansionsteam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquidexpansionsteam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallicexpansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balancedpressurethermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap 脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap 放气阀（自动放气阀 ） air vent valve(automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用 ） 平板式滑动闸阀 slab type sliding gate valve 盖阀 flat valve换向阀 diverting valve, reversing valve 热膨胀阀 thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀 self-closing gate valve 自动排液阀 self-draining valve 管道盲板阀 line-blind valve挤压阀squeezevalve （用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀breather valve风门、挡板damper减压阀 pressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀control valve膜式控制阀 diaphragm operated control valve执行机构actuator背压调节阀 back pressureregulating valve 差压调节阀 differential pressure regulatingvalve压力比例调节阀pressure ratioregulatingvalve未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀blockvalve;shut-offvalve;stopvalve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阔jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve多通路阀multiport valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀 hand-operated valve; manually operated valve锻造阀forged valve铸造阀cast valve（水）龙头 bibb; bib; faucet 抽出液阀（小阀） bleed valve 旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve第一道阀；根部阀 primary valve 根部阀 root valve总管阀header valve事故切断阀emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件Piping Specialty管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器（锥型） temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器y-type strainerT 型粗滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow expansion joint 单波 single bellow 双波 double bellow多波multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节 pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节 axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨胀节（外加强环） self-equalizingexpansion joint带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节 universal type expansion joint 球形补偿器 ball type expansion joint 填函式补偿器 slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpackedslip joint管道特殊元件 Piping Special Element 软管接头 hose connection (HC)快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板 reinforcement pad特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel排液环 drip ring排液漏斗 drain funnel插板 blank垫环 spacer8 字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8blind限流孔板 restrictionorifice爆破片 rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接 End Connection法兰端 flanged end坡口端 beveled end (BE)对焊端 butt welded end平端 plain end (PE)承插焊端 socket welding end螺纹端 threaded end (TE)承口 bell end焊接端 welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊连接（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连 接 threaded joint,pipethreaded joint锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipethreaded joint承插焊连接（接头）socket weldedjoint承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint 环垫接头 ring joint (RJ)万向接头 universal joint软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevelforcombinedthickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的butt welded (BW)螺纹的threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连接branch connection焊接支管 branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓 hexagonal head bolt 方头螺栓 square headbolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉 头 螺 栓 countersunk (head) screw 地脚螺栓 anchor bolt; foundation bolt松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckleU 形螺栓U-boltT 形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉 maehine bolt 顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓 Jack screw 自攻螺钉 self tapping screw 膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt粗制的coarse精制的finished, fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonal nut方螺母square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈washer平垫圈plain washer 球面垫圈spherical washer 弹簧垫圈spring washer 方垫圈 square washer 斜垫圈slant washer 销轴 pinnedshan销 pin开口销cotter pin 定位销dowel pin 带孔销 pin with hole 圆锥销 taper pin 铆钉rivet键 key2.2螺纹左螺纹 left hand thread右螺纹right hand thread管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread直管螺纹straight pipe thread梯形螺纹trapezoid thread螺距 pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹 American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料黑色金属Ferrous Metal碳素钢carbon steel (CS)低碳钢low-carbon steel中碳钢medium-carbon steel高碳钢high-carbon steel普通碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢 high-quality carbon steel 普通低合金结构钢 general structure low- alloy steel合金结构钢 structural alloy steel 合金钢 alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢medium alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢heat resisting steel高强度钢high strength steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢spring steel 钼钢 molybdenum steel镍钢nickel steel铬钢chromium steel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢chromium-nickelsteel,chrome-nickelsteel不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless steel 马氏体不锈钢 Martensitic stainlesssteel 司特来合金（钨铬钴 台金） Stellite 耐蚀耐热镍基合金 Hastelloy铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20 合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢） Martin steel 镇静钢 killed steel半镇静钢semi-killed steel沸腾钢 rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻钢forged steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphiteiron生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁wrought iron铸件casting高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel 镀铬的 chromium-plated, chrome-plated 镀层plating锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造forging轧制rolling热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling挤压extruding冷加工cold working热加工hot working拔制drawing有色金属Non-ferrous Metal铝 aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminum bronze磷青铜phosphor bronze铝镁合金 aluminum magnesium 锰青铜 manganesebronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜 合金） Monel 镍铜台金 nickel copper alloy非铁合金nonferrous alloy钛 titanium铅 lead硬铅hard lead材料性能极限强度ultimate strength抗拉强度tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率percentage elongation抗压强度compressive strength抗弯强度bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限endurance limit布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness维氏硬度 Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness蠕变断裂强度 creep rupture strength 断面收缩率 reduction of area韧性toughess脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆cold shortness冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material塑料plastic丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素celluloseacetatebutyrate(CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride(CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidenefluoride(PVDF)缩醛塑料acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料 graphite phenolic plastics 聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 纤维增强热塑性塑料 fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料 thermosetting plastics 胶粘剂 adhesive溶剂胶接剂solvent cement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂polyester resin聚酯纤维polyester fibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋哺树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体 ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)合成橡胶synthetic rubber橡胶rubber丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber 氯丁橡胶 neoprene天然橡胶natural rubber乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel木材wood3.3 型材型钢 shaped steel, section steel, swage 角钢 angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或 H 钢 wide flanged beam T 型钢 T-bar方钢square bar扁钢flat bar角钢hexagonal steel bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板） web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestosrope, asbestoscord O 形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉 绳 asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflonimpregnated asbestos packing金属填料metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函 packing box, stuffing box 填料函压盖 stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1管道材料规定PipingMaterialSpecification管道等级 piping class; piping classification 管道等级号 class designation公称直径 nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公称压力nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别class (CL)低压low pressure(L.P.)中压medium pressure (M.P.)高压high pressure(H.P.)大气压atmosphere (ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operatingpressure;workingpressure设计压力design pressure工作温度 operating temperature 设计温度 design temperature环境温度 ambient temperature腐蚀裕量 corrosion allowance管道附件 piping attachment管道元件 piping element壁厚 wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH. No.) 加厚的，加强的extra heavy, extra strong 双倍加厚的，双倍加 强的double extraheavy, double extra strong通用连接组typieal installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）blockform数据库 data base文件 file4.2 材料统计 Material Take-off (MTO)汇总表 summary sheet材料表 bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidatedpipingmaterial summary sheet (CPMSS)统计材料准确度 accuracy of take-off材料情况报告 material status report (MSR)散装材料 bulk material编位号的itemized代码code number短代码short code数量quantity (QTY)重力weight净重net weight毛重gross weight5 设备布置及管道布置Plot Plan and Piping Layout,Equipment and Piping Arrangement5.1 设备名称Equipment Name容器Vessel(1) 塔 tower, column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower蒸馏塔distillation tower再生塔regenering tower造粒塔prflling tower汽提塔stripper脱气塔degasifier合成塔synthesis tower(2) 反应器reactor聚台釜polymerizer转化器，变换器 converter 脱硫反应器 desulphurization reactor 甲烷化器 methanator (3) 气柜 gas-holder 螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder 干式气柜 dry gas-holder (4) 槽罐贮罐tank; storage tank缓冲罐knock out drum球罐spheroid, spherical tank罐 drum接受槽receiver计量槽measuring tank加料槽feed tank排污罐blow down tank闪蒸罐flash drum汽包steam drum溶液贮槽 solution storage tank 地下槽 sloptank(5) 其它设备分离器 separator旋风分离器cyclone分子筛mol
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