中考英语《句子的成分》导学案 外研版

山东省高密市银鹰文昌中学中考英语句子的成分导学案 外研版句子的成分分为: 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语、主语：（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。能充当主语的词：名词、代词、动名词、不定式、从句1.The children didnt know about healthy food. （名词）2.We are very pleased with the competition. （代词）3.Learning a foreign language is boring. （动名词）4.It was hard work to persuade the children to try the new food. （不定式） 5. What he said is true. （主语从句） It was very funny that my camel kept lying down. （主语从句）谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。动词分为：行为动词和系动词1.The teenagers refused to eat the new food. 2.Jamie talked to the government.3.Jamie is a cook (whose ideas have changed school meals). 宾语有三种：1）动宾结构 （动作的承受者）I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词）I enjoy working with you.（动名词）I hope to see you again.（不定式） Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）2）介宾结构 （介词后的名词、代词和动名词）Children are looking forward to the Spring Festival. Are you afraid of the snake? 3）双宾语间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）He gave me a book yesterday. Please show me your menu. He told them they needed to ban junk food from schools.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。His father told him to get up early. （带to不定式）Dont let him do that. （省to不定式）We should keep our classroom clean. (形容词）Ill have my bike repaired. （过去分词）定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。 We need to eathealthy food. （形容词） He is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词） There are 47 students. （数词） The books on the shelf belong to Mr. Wang. (介词短语) The boys playing football are in Class 2.（现在分词） Books written by Mo Yan are popular now.（过去分词） We have enough food to eat. （不定式） He is the photographer who won the first prize.（定语从句）2