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Section Word power，Grammar and usageUnit 2Growing pains语法精讲语法精讲专项突破专项突破一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句点津点津（1）“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”中关系代词通中关系代词通常是：常是：which指物，指物，whom指人。指人。（2）介词的确定方法：结合句意，一看先行）介词的确定方法：结合句意，一看先行词，二看从句的谓语动词来确定介词。词，二看从句的谓语动词来确定介词。露西就读的这所学校很有名。露西就读的这所学校很有名。你认识记者正在与之交谈的那个男演员吗？你认识记者正在与之交谈的那个男演员吗？这本书打开了一扇能使我们看到外面精彩世这本书打开了一扇能使我们看到外面精彩世界的窗户。界的窗户。点津若定语从句中的短语是固定搭配，拆开点津若定语从句中的短语是固定搭配，拆开便失去了原来的意义，则介词通常不能前置便失去了原来的意义，则介词通常不能前置到关系代词之前。到关系代词之前。This is not the book that/which we have been looking for.这不是我们一直找的那本书。这不是我们一直找的那本书。（3）介词短语）介词短语+关系代词也可引导定语从句关系代词也可引导定语从句Towards the evening,we got to a mountain,at the foot of which was a large temple.接近傍晚的时候，我们到了一座山下，山脚接近傍晚的时候，我们到了一座山下，山脚下有一座大寺庙。下有一座大寺庙。二、关系副词二、关系副词关系词关系词先行先行词词从句从句成分成分例句例句备注备注关关系系副副词词whewhen n时间时间时间时间状语状语I will never forget the I will never forget the day when we met there.day when we met there.我永远都不会忘记我们在那我永远都不会忘记我们在那见面的日子。见面的日子。可用可用onw h i c hw h i c h代替代替WheWherere地点地点地点地点状语状语This is the house where This is the house where I was born.I was born.这就是我出生这就是我出生的房子。的房子。可用可用inwhichwhich代替代替whywhy 原因原因原因原因状语状语I canI cant imagine the t imagine the reason why he turned reason why he turned down my offer.down my offer.我想象不出我想象不出他拒绝我提议的原因。他拒绝我提议的原因。可用可用forw h i c hw h i c h代替代替关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，句中作状语，when,where和和why分别表示时间分别表示时间，地点和原因。，地点和原因。（1）when在从句中作时间状语。常用在从句中作时间状语。常用on which,in which,at which,during which等代替。等代替。April 1st is the day when people make fun of others.=April 1st is the day on which people make fun of others.4月月1日是人们捉弄别人的日子。日是人们捉弄别人的日子。（2）where在从句中作地点状语。常可用在从句中作地点状语。常可用in which,at which,on which等代替。等代替。Can you tell me the office where he works?=Can you tell me the office in which he works?你能告诉我他上班的办公室吗？你能告诉我他上班的办公室吗？（3）whywhy在定语从句中作原因状语，可用在定语从句中作原因状语，可用for which代替。代替。why不可引导非限制性定语从句。不可引导非限制性定语从句。This is the reason why he went away.=This is the reason for which he went away.这就是他离开的原因。这就是他离开的原因。三、一些需要特殊记忆的关系词的用法三、一些需要特殊记忆的关系词的用法（1）I dont like the way in which he looks at people.我不喜欢他看人的方式。我不喜欢他看人的方式。当先行词是当先行词是way且在定语从句中作状语时，除且在定语从句中作状语时，除了用了用in which，还可以用，还可以用that来引导定语从句来引导定语从句，此外，此外that还经常省略。还经常省略。Judging from the way he walked,I believed he was wounded in the leg.从他走路的方式判断，我认为他的腿受伤了从他走路的方式判断，我认为他的腿受伤了.（2）Finally came the day when he had to leave his hometown.最终他不得不离开故乡的那一天到来了。最终他不得不离开故乡的那一天到来了。当先行词为当先行词为time,moment,day等，并在从句中等，并在从句中作状语时，从句也可以用作状语时，从句也可以用that引导，引导，that常省常省略。略。It was the first time (that) we had stayed up so late.这是我们第一次熬夜这么晚。这是我们第一次熬夜这么晚。The moment (that/when) he sent the mail,John realized what a big mistake he had made.约翰约翰一寄完邮件就意识到他犯了个很大的错误。一寄完邮件就意识到他犯了个很大的错误。She was the only girl I went steady with during the four years (that/when) I was at university.她就是我大学四年唯一交往的女孩。她就是我大学四年唯一交往的女孩。（3）我们经常可以看到引导定语从句的关系）我们经常可以看到引导定语从句的关系代词代词whose和和of which相互替代，但是不是在相互替代，但是不是在任何情况下两者都可以替换，它们之间的区任何情况下两者都可以替换，它们之间的区别是什么？别是什么？whose既可以指人，又可以指物，而既可以指人，又可以指物，而of which只能用来指物。只能用来指物。of which除了可以表示所属关系外，还可以除了可以表示所属关系外，还可以用来表示整体与部分的关系，而用来表示整体与部分的关系，而whose不能。不能。.用关系代词、关系副词或介词用关系代词、关系副词或介词+关系代词完关系代词完成下列句子成下列句子1.Is this factory the_._ oneyou visited last week?2.I saw a house,the windows of_ were broken.thatwhichwhich3.I dont know the reason_ he failed to attend the party.4.She has two sons,both of_are doctors.5.The days_ black people could not travel without a passbook are gone forever.6.This is the place_ my father was born.why/for whichwhomwhen/in whichwhere/in which7.My birthday is a day_ I think about my future.8.I felt most angry about the way_Ive been treated.9.The scientist with_my father worked,went abroad last year.10.Let me think of a proper situation_this sentence can be used.when/on whichthat/in which)whomwhere/in which.完成句子完成句子1.让你们用来买狗食的钱已经不见了。让你们用来买狗食的钱已经不见了。The money_ you _ buy dog food was gone.2.还记得我们将这个家让你负责的那一天吗？还记得我们将这个家让你负责的那一天吗？Do you still remember the day_ we_ you_ of our family?with whichwere towhenleftin charge3.第一天，我坐在一个名叫第一天，我坐在一个名叫Diane的女孩身边的女孩身边.On the first day I sat _a girl _name was Diane.4.美术是我了解很少的一门学科。美术是我了解很少的一门学科。Art is subject _I know little.5.英语老师上课的方式很有趣。英语老师上课的方式很有趣。The way my_ English teacher had classes is interesting.next towhoseabout whichin which6.玛丽是一个（我）非常想和她交朋友的女玛丽是一个（我）非常想和她交朋友的女 孩孩.Mary is a girl_ I want to make friends_ .7.我小时候是和我爷爷生活在一起的。我小时候是和我爷爷生活在一起的。My grandfather is the person_ I stayed when I was young.who/whomwithwith whom.单项填空单项填空1.A booking office is a place_tickets are sold.A.WhenB.whereC.WhyD.which解析：选解析：选B。考查定语从句，先行词是。考查定语从句，先行词是a place,将其带入从句中作地点状语，所以用将其带入从句中作地点状语，所以用where。2.This is the person_I borrowed some money.A.WhoB.from whomC.from whoD.from which解析：选解析：选B。考查定语从句。先行词是。考查定语从句。先行词是the person,将其带入定语从句，将其带入定语从句，I borrowed some money from him。3.Bamboo grows best in the place_it is warm and rains often.A.WhichB.whereC.ThatD.as解析：选解析：选B。考查定语从句。先行词是。考查定语从句。先行词是the place,将其带入从句中作地点状语，所以用将其带入从句中作地点状语，所以用where。4.This is not the way_we did the test last time.A.with whichB./C.in thatD.which解析：选解析：选B。考查定语从句。先行词是。考查定语从句。先行词是the way,将其带入从句中作方式状语，此时连接词将其带入从句中作方式状语，此时连接词有三种：有三种：that/in which或省略。或省略。5.The way_was thought of by him_the experiment was similar to the way_you carried it out.A.that;doing;whichB.which;of doing;in whichC.what;to do;/D.it;of doing;in that解析：选解析：选B。考查定语从句。第一空将。考查定语从句。第一空将the way带入从句，作主语，所以用带入从句，作主语，所以用that/which；第二；第二空空the way to do或或the way of doing“做某事的做某事的方法方法”；第三空将；第三空将the way带入从句，作方式带入从句，作方式状语，用状语，用that/in which或省略。或省略。6.I dont like_you speak to her.A.the wayB.in thatC.WhichD.of which解析：选解析：选A。考查定语从句。先行词是。考查定语从句。先行词是the way，将其带入从句中作方式状语，此时连接，将其带入从句中作方式状语，此时连接词有三种：词有三种：that/in which或省略。或省略。7.Ill show you a store_ you may buy all_you need.A.where;whichB.in which;thatC.which;thatD.that;that解析：选解析：选B。考查定语从句。第一空先行词是。考查定语从句。第一空先行词是a store；将其带入定语从句，；将其带入定语从句，you may buy all you need in the store，所以用，所以用in which/where，第二空定语从句的先行词是不定代词，第二空定语从句的先行词是不定代词all，带入定语从句作宾语，用带入定语从句作宾语，用that或省略。或省略。8.We thought you were a person_ we could expect good decisions.A.of who B.of whomC.from who D. from whom解析：选解析：选B。考查定语从句。先行词是。考查定语从句。先行词是a person,将其带入定语从句，将其带入定语从句，we could expect good decisions of the person，所以选，所以选of whom.9.TVTurnoff Week,_millions of people around the world join every year,tries to encourage people to pay attention to life.A.in which B.on whichC.Which D.when解析：选解析：选A。句意：每年世界上有数百万人参。句意：每年世界上有数百万人参与关闭电视周，这一活动旨在鼓励人们注重与关闭电视周，这一活动旨在鼓励人们注重生活。从句中的谓语动词生活。从句中的谓语动词join作作“参加某种活参加某种活动动”讲时，常与介词讲时，常与介词in搭配，故选搭配，故选A。10.Internet crime is a subject_the world might argue for a long time.A.of which B.with whichC.about which D.into which解析：选解析：选C。句意：网络犯罪是世界各国争议。句意：网络犯罪是世界各国争议很久的一个话题。很久的一个话题。argue about“议论某事议论某事”，是固定搭配，故关系代词前面的介词用，是固定搭配，故关系代词前面的介词用about。本部分内容讲解结束本部分内容讲解结束按按ESC键退出全屏播放键退出全屏播放
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