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Module 8 Time off【语法】that引导的宾语从句一、基本用法概念：在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫做宾语从句。接宾语从句的三种情况：动词接宾语从句、介词接宾语从句和形容词接宾语从句。I believe that we can win the football match .He will give us some advice on how children learn English .He is glad that his friends will come to his birthday party .分类：可以分为三类一是that引导的宾语从句 二是whether/if引导的宾语从句 三是特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句They told me that they were doing some shopping at the supermarket .He wants to know if he can go camping with us .Do you remember when well meet tomorrow .That 引导的宾语从句(1)That引导的宾语从句表示陈述一件事，即由陈述句转化而来。He says ,“I am listening to the weather report .”=He says that he is listening to the weather report .(2)主句的谓语动词是say，tell，think ,know ,see, hear ,hope ,expect ,explain ,feel ,imagine ,promise ,wish ,remember ,forget ,guess等时，常接that引导的宾语I hope that he will be fine soon .(3)当主语是I ， 谓语动词是think，believe，hope，expect等动词时，经常否定主句部分，不否定宾语从句I dont think your answer is right .(4)主句含“系动词+形容词”构成的“系表”结构，常接that引导的宾语从句。这类形容词多表示感情，如happy，glad，pleased，sad，sure，afraid等Im afraid that he cant come .引导词本身的省略与不省略（1）连词that引导宾语从句，只起连接主、从句的作用，它本身无意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略He says (that) he begins to understand his parents .We know (that) its difficult to climb the mountain in such bad weather .(2)不可省略的几种情况1.从句的主语是that时，不可以省略We know that that is an interesting story .2.that 引导的宾语从句若再有复合句时，that不能省略I think that if you have lost the library book ,you have to pay for it .3.主、从之间有插入语时，that不能省略It says here ,in the newspaper ,that Chinese people are trying hard to make “Chinese Dream ”come true .二、特殊用法1.语序不论什么情况下，宾语从句都要用陈述语序，即“主语+谓语+其他”Do you think (that) the radio is too noisy ?2.时态(1)that引导的宾语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句可以用符合句意要求的任一时态。He says (that) they have returned already .He tells me that he was born in 1985.(2)如果主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时的某种形式（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）He said (that)he bought a new dictionary .I knew they were studying English .(3)如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等，尽管主句用一般过去时，从句也要用一般现在时。Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound .He said that time is life .【巧学妙记】宾语从句小口诀宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether ,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。【语法专练】同义句转化1.Hes so tired that he cant walk on .He says .He says _ hes so tired that he cant walk on .2.He wont come . I think .I _ think he _come .3.W e can even hear the birds singing in the tree .We can even hear _ the birds _ _ in the tree .4.Do you make sure that youll join us ?_you _ that youll join us ?5.More and more students find it important to learn English well .More and more students find _it _important to learn English well .用所给词的适当形式填空6.I know that he _(join) the League in 1985.7. I see that they _(play) football over there .8. I hear that he _(come ) tomorrow .9.We all knew that the moon _(move)around the sun .10.The radio says it _(be) cloudy tomorrow .将下列句子合并为一句11.“Tom finishes his homework ,”he thought ._12.“I will come back ,”Tom said ._13.The teacher said ,”Light travels faster than sound .”_14.”I am doing my homework ,”he said ._15.”They are playing computer games ,” he said ._【知识点一】Its so quiet here that I can even hear the birds singing! 这儿这么安静，我甚至能听见鸟儿在唱歌！So that句型意为“如此/这么以至于”,that引导结果状语从句【考点拓展】such that意思也是如此以至于常用结构为：（1）such +a/an +形容词+可数单数名词+that从句（2） such +形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+that 从句（3） 如果such后边的名词前由many ,much ,few ,little 等词修饰的话，则不用such用so【考点辨析】sothat和so that的区别So that如此以至于So that 以便，为了因此，所以【中考链接】根据汉语意思完成句子（2018襄阳中考）他如此外向，以至于他交的朋友比我多。（that）He was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ than I did . 【知识点二】hear sb /sth doing sth 的用法Hear sb/sth doing sth “听到某人/物正在做某事”，指动作正在进行当中。【注意】类似的动词或词组还有：see ,notice ,look at , listen to 等【中考链接】（2018铜仁中考）-Listen ! Who is singing in the next room ?-It must be Sally . I often hear her _ there .A. singing B. sings C. to sing D. sing 【知识点三】I can hardly believe were in the city centre .Hardly 做副词，意为“几乎不，几乎没有”，即almost not ,是一个含有否定意义的副词【注意】hardly表达否定意义，构成否定词，变反意疑问句要特别注意疑问部分的用法。Your friend Sally hardly knows what has happened , does she ?【中考链接】（2018荆州中考）-Many products made in China are very popular in the United States .-Yeah .Americans can _ avoid buying Chinese products .A. Nearly B. mostly C. hardly D. widely【知识点四】Then I can point out the sights of Beijing for you .Point out 意为“指出，致命”，是动词+副词，若有代词要放在句中【考点辨析】point out , point to ,point atPoint out 表示的是给某人指示方向、要点或错误等，意为“指出”Point to 多用于表示指离说话人较远的事物，意为“指向”，to是介词，着重于指的方向Point at 习惯上表示指向离说话人较近的事物，意为“指着”At 是介词，着重于指的对象Will you please point out the man who saved the boys life ?He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said ,”Thats my home .The teacher pointed at the blackboard and said ,”You must look carefully .”【中考链接】根据汉语提示完成句子（无锡中考）Be quiet .Henry .Its rude to _(指向) at others like that .【知识点五】allowAllow做动词，意为“允许，准许”，具体用法如下：（1） allow （doing）sth 允许（做）某事（2） allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事（3） allow sb sth 给予某人某物（4） be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事【中考链接】用所给词的适当形式填空（2018兰州中考）Teenagers should be _(allow) to make their own decisions .【知识点六】I think its better to have our picnic at the top at the hill .我认为在山顶野餐会更好At the top of 意为“在的顶端”【中考链接】根据汉语意思完成句子（黄冈中考改编）当你到达山顶时，你会发现吸入空气很困难。When you _ _ _ _ the mountain , youll find it difficult to take in air .【知识点七】waste Waste 用作动词，意为“浪费，滥用”。常用句型为：（1） waste time/money on sth 意为“在上浪费时间/金钱”（2） Waste time/money (in) doing sth 意为“浪费时间/金钱做某事”（3） Waste还可以用作名词，意为“浪费，滥用”，前面需要冠词a 修饰（4） Waste还可以用作形容词，意为“废弃的，无用的”【中考链接】根据汉语意思完成句子（2018遂宁中考）More and more people have realized that we shouldnt _(浪费) food.【知识点八】promisePromise做动词，以为“许诺，保证，发誓”常见用法：promise to do sth保证做某事Promise sb (not ) to do sth 保证某人做（不做）某事Promise sb sth 承诺某人/保证某人做某事【考点拓展】promise 做名词，意为“许诺，诺言”Promise 的相关短语：make a promise 许诺 keep a promise 遵守诺言 【中考链接】（2018河南中考）-Its useless to regret what has been done .Dont make those mistakes again .- I wont .Thats a(n)_.A. Order B. decision C. promise D. agreement 【知识点九】wake Wake做动词，意为“唤醒，醒来”，形容词形式为awake ,意为“醒着的，警惕的”Wake sb up 意为“叫醒某人”【中考链接】（巴中中考）_ ,Bill ! Its time to go to school .A. Wake up B. Look up C. Make up 【知识点 十】aboveAbove 做介词，意为“在上方，高于”，反义词为below【考点辨析】on ,over ,above这三个词作为介词时都可以表示“在上”，但各自的侧重点不一样。on与某物表面有接触over与某物的正上方（不与某物接触）above在某物的上方（指位置高于某物，不一定是正上方）【知识点十一】pull的用法Pull做动词，意为“拉，牵，扯”反义词为push ,意为“推”【固定搭配】pull的短语Pull down 摧毁，拆毁 pull out 使离开，拔出 pull about 把拖来拖去 pull together 齐心协力【中考链接】根据汉语意思完成句子（2018黄冈中考）如果我们齐心协力，我们的中国梦一定能实现。（pull）If we all _ _ ,our China dream is sure to come true .【练习题】一、根据所给汉语提示完成句子。1.Im very _(渴的)，Mum .Could you get some water for me ?2.Dont _(浪费)your time in playing computer games .3. _(人)and animals should be good friends.4.My fathers T-shirt has completely lost its _(形状).5.-How far is the post office from here ?-Its nearly two _(千米).6.The island has thirty _(平方) kilometers in size .7.John _(拉)the girl out of water .He saved her .二、单项选择1.The TV play journey to the west is _ interesting _ I would like to watch it again .A. such ; that B. too; to C. so ; that 2.Lu Han is _ an excellent actor _ most teenagers like him .A. such ; that B. so ; that C. too ; to3. Tim is often heard _loudly in the next room .-Yes .Listen ! You can hear him _ there now !A. to sing ; singing B. sing ; singing C. singing ; to sing D. to sing ; to sing 4.-Can you catch what the speaker is saying ,Tina ?-Sorry . He speaks so fast that I can _ understand him .A. nearly B. hardly C. probably D. exactly 5.In many eastern European countries , you are supposed to _ your gloves before shaking hands.A. take off B. shut off C. cut off D. put off 6.Dont let homework _ too much time .Children need to play .A. give up B. take up C. cut off D. put off 7.-Tom ,lets hang out after school .-Sorry , I have _Frank to work on the biology report with him .A. advised B. expected C. promised 8.My mother is the first _person in my family .A. busy B. busier C. busiest D. the buiser9. In Switzerland ,keeping only one goldfish isnt _, because the government believes it is very bad to make such social animals live alone .A. stopped B. doubted C. refused D. allowed 10.I dont want to be _ else . I just want to be _.A. anybody ; myself B. somebody ; myself C. everybody ;me D. anybody ;me 11.The child is in danger .We have to _ him out of water at once .A. push B. throw C. put D. pull 12. I have something to point _.A. at B. out C. in D. for13.The thief went into the room _ the window .A. cross B. through C. across D. in 14.What are the most famous things _?A. see B. to see C. seeing D. saw 15. I believe _ my dream will come true one day .A. that B. which C. who D. what 三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.-Can you hear anyone _(sing) in the classroom ?-It is Mary .2.Most teachers dont allow the students _(take) mobile phones to school now .3.The teacher came out of the classroom without _(say ) anything .4.The big noise _(wake ) everybody up .5.You should be careful not to get _(lose) in the forest .6. I _(think) you could go camping with us .7. I was surprised to see the beautiful _(sight).四、句型转换1. I think he can do it better .(改为否定句)I _ _ he _ do it better .2.Lets do homework first .(改为否定句)_ _ do homework first .3.Walk across the bridge , and you will see it in front of you .(改为同义句)_ the bridge ,and you will see it in front of you .4.Jenny is singing in the classroom . I heard that when I passed by .(合并为一句)I _ Jenny _ the classroom when I passed by .5. Bruce is such a clever boy .(改为同义句)Bruce is _ _ a boy .五、根据汉语意思完成句子1. 我们在泰山顶部可以欣赏美景。We can enjoy the view _ _ _ _ Mount Tai .2. 让我们齐心协力实现中国梦！Les _ _to achieve Chinese Dream !3.当大火发生时，他们大声叫喊，试图把大家都喊醒。When the big fire broke out , they shouted loudly to try to _ _ _ .4.“光盘行动”要求人们不要浪费食物。“Clean Plate Campaign “ asks people _ _ _ food .5.要是你们在这里该多好啊！_ you _ here !六、习作英国学生Frank 八月底将来天津学习并住在李明家。请根据以下提示，以李明的名义给Frank 写一封电子邮件。内容包括：1.Frank到来前，你们会给他准备好房间。2.你爸爸送你们上学，妈妈做美味的食物。3.周末你们会邀请Frank游览天津，如逛古文化街、乘船游海河。4.Frank喜欢打排球，你们可以一起看天津女排比赛。5.你相信参考词汇：Tianjin Ancient Culture Street 天津古文化街 ； Haihe River 海河 ；Tianjin Womens Volleyball Team 天津女排Dear Frank ,Im happy to hear that at the end of August you will come to Tianjin to study and stay with my family .Im writing to say welcome to you .Before you arrive ,we will Looking forward to seeing you soon .Yours ,Li Ming
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