2021年河南中考真题

2021年河南中考真题篇一：2021年河南省中招数学试题答案及解析 2021年河南省中招数学试题及解析谷瑞林 2021年河南省普通高中招生数学试题及答案解析 一、选择题（每小题3分，共24分） 1 1.-的相反数是（） 311 A. -B. C.-3 D.3 33 B 根据相反数的定义，很容易得到- 11 的相反数是，选B。 33 2.某种细胞的直径是0.00000095米，将0.00000095用科学计数法表示为（ ） A.9.5107 B. 9.5108 C.0.95107D. 95108 A 科学记数法的表示形式为a?10的形式，其中1?a10，n为整数。确定n的值时，要看把原数变成a时，小数点移动了多少位，n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同。当原数绝对值1时，n是正数； 当原数的绝对值1时，n是负数。 将0.00000095用 7 科学记数法表示9.510，选A。 n 3.下面几何图形是由四个相同的小正方体搭成的，其中主视图和左视图相同的是（） A C B C D 本题考查了三视图的知识，主视图是从物体的前面看得到的视图，左视图是从物C。 4.下列计算正确的是（） （-3）2=6 C.3a4-2a2=a2D.（-a3）2=a5 A 根据有理数的定义幂的运算性质，运算正确的是A，选A。 k 5.如图，过反比例函数y=（x0）的图像上一点A作ABx轴于点B，连 x 接AO，若SAOB=2，则k的值为（） 根据表中数据，要从中选择一名成绩好且发挥稳定的运动员参加比赛，应该选择（ ） A.甲B.乙 C.丙 D.丁 A 本题考查了平均数与方差对运动员发挥稳定性的因素，方差越小越稳定，故选A。 8.如图，已知菱形OABC的顶点是O（0，0），B（2，2），若菱形绕点O逆时针旋转，每秒旋转45，则第60秒时，菱形的对角线交点D的坐标为（） A.（1，-1） B.（-1，-1）C.0） D.（0， B 本题考查了中点坐标的求法及旋转的知识，每秒旋 转45，8秒旋转一周，60秒8=7周余4秒，正好又转180，由第一象限转到第三象限，前后是中心对称，点D坐标是（1，1），所求坐标是（-1，-1），故选B。 二、填空题（每小题3分，共21分） 9.计算：（-2）0 1 本题考查了零次幂和立方根，（-3）=1，因此原式=12=1， 填1。 10.如图，在 ? ABCD中，BEAB交对角线AC于点 A C E,若1=200，则2的度数为 。 110。 本题考查了平行四边形的性质、垂直的性质及三角形外角定理，由平行四边形得CAB=1=20，由BEAB， 第10题0 得AEB=90,根据三角形外角等于不相邻的两个内角和得2=CAB+AEB=200+90=110，填110。 11.若关于x的一元二次方程x2+3x-k=0有两个不相等的实数根，则k的取值范围是 。 110。 本题考查了一元二次方程根的判别式，=b2-4ac=9+4k，因为方程有两个不相等的实数根，所以0，即9+4k0，解得k-0 99 ，填：k-。 44 12.在“阳光体育”活动时间，班主任将全班同学随机分成了四组进行活动，该班小明和小亮同学被分在同一组的概率是。 1 。 4 1 4 本题考查了概率问题，P（相同）= 13.已知A（0，3），B（2，3）是抛物线y=-x2+bx+c上两点，该抛物线的顶点坐标是 。 （1，4）。 本题考查了用待定系数法求二次函数解析式的方法及已知二次函数解析式求顶点的方法，所求y=-x+2x+3，顶点坐标是（1，4），填（1，4） 2 ?14.如图，在扇形AOB中，AOB=900，以点A为圆心， OA的长为半径作OC交?AB于点C，若OA=2，则阴影部分的面积是 。 本题考查了扇形的面积、圆的有关知识及等边三角形的面积的计算方法，连接OC,AC,OAC是等边三角形，扇形OBC的圆心角是30，阴影部分的面积等于扇形OBC的面积减去弓形OC 1 3 30?221 的面积；扇形OBC的面积是=，弓形OC的面积是 3360 O 第14题 12160?22222=?=-（?，33333601 3 15.如图，已知ADBC，ABBC,AB=3,点E为射线BC上的一个动点，连接AE，将ABE沿AE折叠，点B落在点B/处，过点B/作AD的垂线，分别交AD、BC于点M、N,当点B/为线段MN的三等份点时，BE的长为 .AMAMB EN 或 25 C BEN C 本题分两种情况：（1）若B/N=2MB/,因为AB=3，B为线段MN的三等份点，则MB/=1, / AMAB/ RtAMBN=2,可证AMBBNE,/?/,设BE=EB=x， BNBE / / AB/3/?，解得（2）若MB/= 2B/N，因为AB=3，B为线段MN的三等份x/ /AMAB/ 点，则MB=2, RtAMBN=1,可证AMBBNE,/?/,设 BNBE / / / BE=EB=x， AB=3, /3?，解得x=；填或。1x525三、解答题（本大题共8个小题，满分75分） 16.（8分）先化简，再求值 ?x?1x2?1?x? ，其中x的值从不等式组的整数解中选取。 ?1?2?2 ?x?x?x?2x?1?2x?14 ?x+1?x-1?x2 ?解：原式=?3分 2 xx+1?x+1? = ?xx+1x ?=?5分 x+1x-1x-1 ?x?15 解?得-1x， 2?2x?14 不等式组的整数解为-1，0，1，2. ?7分 若分式有意义，只能取x=2，原式=-2 =2 ?8分 2?1 17.（9分）在一次.调查活动中，小华收集到某“健步走运动”团队中20名成员一天行走的步数，记录如下：对这20名数据按组距1000进行分组，并统计整理，绘制了如下尚不完整的统计图表： 步数分布统计图频数 组别 根据以上信息解答下列问题 （1）填空：m= ，n= ； 篇二：2021年河南中考英语试题及解析 2021河南中考英语试题及答案解析 一，听力（略） 二、单项选择 21.-Kate,are you _ only child in your family? - Yes,but _new baby is on the way. A a;theB an;the C the,a D the;the 22.-Are you going out with Jade tonight? -Thats my _.Mind your own. A offer B business C question D chance 23.-What a bad day! -Everyone has one of those days when _ goes right. A nothing B anything C everything D something 24.My parents said they would come to visit me.I couldnt _ to see them after several months away from home. A wait B help C expect D afford 25.I have been to quite a few restaurants,but I can say this one is _. A good B better C the better D the best 26.Its so cold outside.Remember to close the door_ you when you leave. A beside B before C with D behind 27.- You look very pretty.If I _say so. -Thanks a lot for saying that.A must B may C will D have to 28.-There is some knocking at the door. -It must be the computer repairman.I _ him to fix my computer. A call B have called C called D will call 29.The boss asked Tim to go and _ out if there was anyone else absent. A find B finding C to find D found 30.A stupid man tells a woman to shut up,while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful _ it is closed. A unless B since C when D though 31.We are going to take the high speed train to Xian tomorrow,so an early arrival at the station _. A advises B is advised C is advising D was advised 32.Theaters may have a bright future if they can provide a movie experience _ people can not get at home. A that B who C whom D what 33.Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain,but all the happiness happens while you _ it. A climb B climbed C are climbing D have climbed 34.Almost every university now has a website which allows us to _ the information about it. A look at B look after C look around D look through35.-What did Tom say to you just now? -He asked _. A why I am so happy today B what will I do for the weekend C who did I play football with D if I could go to the movie with him tonight. 三、完形填空 A man feared his wife wasnt hearing as well as she used to and he thought she might need some hearing aid(助听). Not quite sure how to 36 her, he called the family doctor to discuss the problem. The doctor told him there was a simple test the husband could do to give the doctor a better 37 of her hearing loss. “Heres what you do，” said the doctor. “Stand about 40 feet away from her, and in a 38 conversational speaking tone(语调) see if she hears you. If not, go to 30 feet, then 20feet, and so on 39 you get a reply.” That evening, the wife was in the 40, and he was in the yard. He said to himself, “I am about 40feet away, and let me see what will happen.” Then in a usual tone he asked, “Honey, whats for dinner?” No 41. So the husband moved closed to the kitchen, about 30feet from his wife and asked, “ Honey, whats for dinner?” 42 no reply.Next he moved into the dining room where he was about 20 feet from his wife and 43, “Honey, whats for dinner?” Again he got no reply. He walked up to the kitchen door, about 10 feet away. “Honey, whats for dinner?” Again there was no reply. So he 44right up behind her. “Honey, whats for dinner?” “Chicken! James, for 45time Ive said that.” 36. A. save B. helpC. face D. guide 37. A. choiceB. excuseC. idea D. suggestion 38.A. loud B. strangeC. specialD. usual 39.A. until B. before C. whenD. as 40.A. toilet B. gardenC. kitchenD. dining room 41.A. dinnerB. wayC. move D. reply 42.A. StillB. Even C. Just D. Almost 43.A. laughedB. repeated C. thoughtD. added 44.A. ranB. stood C. walkedD. jumped 45.A. secondB. third C. fourth D. fifth 四、阅读理解 A A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery (外科手术). He found the boys father in the hall waiting worriedly.On seeing him, the father cried out, “Why did you take all this time to come? Dont you know that my son is in danger? Dont you have any sense of duty?” The doctor smiled and said, “Im sorry. I wasnt in the hospital and I came as fast as I could after receiving the call and now, I wish youd calm down so that I can do my work.” “Calm down?! What if your son was in this room right now? Would you calm down? If you own son dies while waiting for a doctor, then what will you do?” said the father angrily. The doctor smiled again and replied,“We will do our best and you should also pray（祈祷）for your sons healthy life.” The surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happy,“Thank goodness! You son is saved！” And without waiting for the fathers reply he carried on his way running by saying,“If you have any questions, ask the nurse.” “Couldnt he wait some minutes so that I can ask my sons state?” shouted the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left. The nurse answered, tears coming down her face.“His son died yesterday in a road accident. He was at the burial(葬礼) when we call him for your sons surgery. And now that he saved your sons life, he left running to finish his sons burial.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。篇三：河南省2021年中考英语试题含答案(word版) 2021年河南省普通高中招生考试试卷 英语 注意事项： 1本试卷共10页，七个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。请用蓝、黑色水笔或圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。 2答卷前请将密封线内的项目填写清楚。 一、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话读两遍。 ( ) 1. Who is going to Canada? A. Jack.B. Chris. C. Julie. ( ) 2. When can Linda probably come to the party? A. At 6:30. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30. ( ) 3. What did Eric do last weekend? A. He read a book. B. He stayed at home. C. He went swimming. ( ) 4. Why does Peter look unhappy? A. Because he has a math problem. B. Because he failed in the math test. C. Because hes lost his math textbook. ( ) 5. How many people are there inthe boys family? A. Two.B. Three. C. Four. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话或独自读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 ( ) 6. How doesthe womanlike dogs? A. They are noisy. B. They are peaceful.C. They are easy to train. ( ) 7. What will the woman have as a pet? A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A bird. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 ( ) 8. Where is the woman going? A. To the bus station. B. To the train station. C. To the airport. ( ) 9. How much does the woman pay? A. $40. B. $45.C. $50. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第2三个小题。 ( ) 10. How oRen does Dennis buy a new story book?A. Every day.B. Every week. C. Every month. ( ) 11. What does Dennis think of reading? A. Fantastic. B. Boring.C. Relaxing. ( ) 12. What does Dennis want to be when he grows up? A. A teacher. B. A writer. C. A reporter. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15三个小题。 ( ) 13. Who does the woman buy a birthday present for? A. Her sister. B. Her mother. C. Her daughter. ( ) 14. What size swimming suit does the woman want? A. Small. B. Large. C. Medium. ( ) 15. Where can the woman buy a cheaper swimming suit? A. On the first floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the third floor. 第三节 听下面一篇短文。根据短文内容，按照所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片 排序，并将其标号填写在题号后的横线上。短文读两遍o 16_ 17_ 18_ 19_ 20_ 二、选择填空。（15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 从ABCD 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将序号填在题前的括号内。 ( ) 21.-Kate, are you only child in your family? -Yes, but new baby is on the way. A. a; theB. an; theC. the; a D. the; the ( ) 22.-Are you going out with Jade tonight? -Thats my . Mind your own! A. offer B. business C. questionD. chance ( ) 23.- What a bad day! - Everyone has one of those days When goes right. A. nothing B. anything C. everythingD. something ( ) 24. My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldnt to see them after several months away from home. A. waitB. help C. expectD. afford( ) 25. I have been to quite a few restaurants, but I can. say this one is . A. goodB. better C. the better D. the best (A. beside B. beforeC. with D. behind ( ) 27. -You look very pretty, if I-Thanks a lot for saying that. A. mustB. may C. will D. have to ( ) 28. -There is someone knocking at the door. -It must be the computer repairman. I him to come to fix my computer. A. call B. have calledC. called D. will call ( out if there was anyoneelse absent. A. find B. finding C. to findD. found ( ) 30. A stupid man tells a woman to shut up, while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful it is closed. A. unlessB. since C. when D. though ( ) 31. We are going to take the high-speed train to Xian tomorrow, so an early arrival at the station_ . A. advises B. is advisedC. is advising D. was advised ( ) 32. Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience people cannot get at home. A. that B. who C. whom D. what ( ) 33. Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you it. A. climbB. climbed C. are climbing D. have climbed () 34. Almost every university now has a website which allows us to _ the information about it. A. look at B. look after C. look around D. look through () 35.-What did Tom say to you just now, John? -He asked _ . A. why I am so happy today B. what will I do for the weekend C. Who did I play football with after school D. if I could go to the movie with him tonight 三、完形填空(10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 A man feared his wife wasnt hearing as well as she used to and he thought she might need some hearing aid (助听). Not quite sure how to her, he called the family doctor to discuss the problem. The doctor toldhim there was a simple test thehusband could do to give the doctor a better of her hearing loss. Heres what you do, said the doctor. Stand about 40 feet away from her, and in a conversational speaking tone (音调) see if she hears you. If not, go to 30 you get a reply. That evening, the wife was in the , and he was in the yard. He said to himself,Im about 40 feet away, and let me see what will happen. Then in a usual tone he asked,Honey, whats for dinner? No . So the husband moved closer to the kitchen, about 30 feet from his wife and asked,Honey, whats for dinner? no reply. Next he moved into the dining room where he was about 20 feet from his wife and Again he got no reply. He walked up to the kitchen door, about 10 feet away. Honey,whats for dinner? Again there was no reply. So he right up behind her. Honey, whats for dinner? Chicken! James, for the time Ive said that. ( ) 36. A. saveB. help C. faceD. guide ( ) 37. A. choice B. excuseC. idea D. suggestion ( ) 38. A. loudB. strangeC. specialD. usual ( ) 39. A. until B. beforeC. when D. as ( ) 40. A. toiletB. gardenC. kitchen D. dining room ( ) 41. A. dinner B. way C. moveD. reply ( ) 42. A. Still B. Even C. Just D. Almost ( ) 43. A. laughedB. repeated C. thoughtD. added ( ) 44. A. ran B. stood C. walkedD. jumped ( ) 45. A. second B. third C. fourthD. fifth 四、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题.。 A A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery (外科手术). He found the boys father in the hall waiting worriedly. On seeing him, the father cried out, Why did you take all this time to come? Dont you know that my son is in danger? Dont you have any sense of duty? The doctor smiled and said, I am sorry. I wasnt in the hospital and I came as fast as I could after receiving the call and now, I wish youd calm down so that I can do my work. Calm down?! What if your son was in this room right now? Would you calm down? If your own son dies while waiting for a doctor, then what will you do? saidthe father angrily.The doctor smiled again and replied, We will do our best and you should also pray (祈祷)for your sons healthy life. The surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happy, Thank goodness!Your son is saved! And without waiting for the fathers reply he carried on his way running by saying, If you have any questions, ask the nurse. Couldnt he wait some minutes so that I can ask about my sons state? shouted the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left. The nurse answered, tears coming down her face. His son died yesterday in a road accident. He was at the burial (葬礼) when we called him for your sons surgery. And now that he saved your sons life, he left running to finish his sons burial. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 ( ) 46. What did the doctor do afterhe received the call for the surgery? A. He asked another doctor to do his duty. B. He went to the hospital as soon as possible. C. He discussed the boys state with the father. D. He waited until his sons burial was finished. ( ) 47. The father shouted at the doctor because he thought A. he had waited too longB. no one cared for his son C. the doctor was cold to him D. the surgery took a long time ( ) 48. Who told the truth to the father in the end? A. The doctor. B. The nurse.C. His son. D. A patient. ( ) 49. How might the father feel after he knew the troth? A. Angry. B. Excited. C. Sorry. D. Doubtful. ( ) 50. What is the best title for the text? A. Seeing is believing B. Time waits for no man C. Practice makes perfect D. Think before you decide B Have you ever had trouble sleeping in a new place? Lots of people do. And now researchers from Brown University in Rhode Island think they know why. They found that one-half of the brain remains more awake than the otherhalf when people are trying to sleep in a new place. The sleep findings were reported in Current Biology by Brown University. In their report, the researchers said many people report they have a harder time sleeping the first night at a hotel or other places outside their home. They call it first-night influence. In Japan they say, If you change your bed, you cant sleep, said Yuka Sasaki, one of the reports writers. You dont sleep very well in a new place. We all know about it. The researchers measured brain waves (测量脑波) for 35 volunteers over two nights in a laboratory. The two nights were a week apart (间隔). They found during the first night the left half of the brain was more active than the right half. This was during the first deep-sleep period, the researchers said. 2021年河南中考真题