新视野大学英语读写教程(二)课后练习答案(Unit1-5)

新视野大学英语读写教程第二册课后练习答案Unit 1Section A:I Comprehension of The Text1. The attitude is that if one is not moving ahead he is falling behind.2. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. (People budget it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account forit; they also charge for it.) They do this because time is a precious resource.3. Everyone is in a rush often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping.4. Don t take it personally. This is because people value time highly and they resent someone else beyond a certain appropriate point.5. New arrivals in America will miss opening exchanges, the ritual interaction that goes with a cup of coffee or tea and leisurely chats.6. Americans produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices. They communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts.7. The impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.8. It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the U.S.VocabularyIII.1. charge 2. convention 3. efficient4. obtain 5. competent6. assessing 7. fulfill 8. conducting9. consequently 10. significanceIV.1. behind 2. at 3. in 4.out 5. to 6. to 7.in 8.with 9.but 10. forV.1. L 2. C 3.D4. N 5. O 6.A7. E 8.G9.I10. KWord BuildingVI.1. commitment 2. attraction 3. appointment 4. impression 5. civilization 6. composition7. confusion 8. congratulation 9. consideration 10. explanation 11. acquisition 12. depressionVII.1. advisable 2. desirable 3. favorable 4. considerable 5. remarkable 6. preferable 7. drinkable8. acceptableSentence StructureVIII.1. much less can he write English articles2. much less can he manage a big company3. much less could he carry it upstairs4. much less have I spoken to him5. much less to read a lot outside of itIX.1. Having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars, whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive.2. We thought she was rather proud, whereas in fact she was just very shy.3. We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done so much for us.4. Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.5. Some praise him highly, whereas others put him down severely.TranslationX.1. She wouldnt take a drink, much less could she stay for dinner.2. He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.3. How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?4. The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5. Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.6. We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.XI.1 .我认为他不会抢劫，更不用说暴力抢劫了 .2 .男工平均工资每小时10美元，而女工才每小时7美元.3 .自然界的平衡一旦遭到破坏，就会带来很多不可预知的影响.4 .期终考试迫在眉睫，你最好多花点时间看书.5 .有趣的是，消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌的原产国。其部分原因来自于全球化带来的影响，部分原因是由于产地的变化.6 .最近一次调查表明，妇女占总劳动力的 40%.ClozeXII.I. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A Structured Writing XIV.A larger and larger part of society is expressing its concern about environmental protection. Active in their concern, teachers and students hold specific meetings to discuss environmental protection. Also, city planners take environmental problems into serious consideration. And, though reducing pollution can be expensive, factories often take every possible measure to do their part. Many people are concerned and active because air and water pollution affects everyone and makes it difficult for cities to survive and businesses to make a profit.Section BComprehension of the Text I.Main idea of Para. 1: Studying in a different country is a new experience, but there are also some challenges.Main idea of Para. 2: The first stage of culture- shock adjustment is “the honeymoon .Main idea of Para. 3: The second stage of culture shock,“the hostility stage ” , eventually occurs.Main idea of Para. 4: At this point, some defense mechanisms are devised to protect yourself against the effects of culture shock.Main idea of Para. 6: The third stage of culture shock adjustment,“ recovery ” , starts.II.1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. BVocabularyIII.1. utilize2. reject6. recognition 7. alleviate IV.3. considerable8. appreciate4. temporary9. furthermore5. acceptable10. interact1. interact with6. familiar to2. gone through7. In spite of3. deal with4. recovered from 5. adjusting to8. were tired of 9. prevented from 10. came toUnit 2Section AI. Comprehension of the Text1. She felt that Nikolai was quite different from what she had expected; still, she was quite nervous.2. No. Actually she was quite surprised when Nikolai suggested that.3. They went through a lot of hard training sessions full of pain and tears. Yet the training was really productive.4. Yes, he did. He was always practicing while others were relaxing themselves.5. In training, they were strict coach and determined athlete; at other times, they were on good terms with each other, like friends.6. Because Nikolai sang out instructions in a regular manner, similar to those of a dance instructor.7. the writer achieved a fourth place in the nation, but they didn t manage to participate in the Olymp8. Besides improving her skills under Nikolai s instruction, she also learned the importance of determination wicourage, heart, and discipline; most important of all, she learned to be thankful and loving while living in this world.Vocabulary2. amusing3. lowered4. persisted7. unfair8. presence9. frowning3. on4. in5. by6. to7. in3. D4. H5. J6. E 7. M5. rank10. approximately8. of 9. on 10. out8. G 9. B 10. AIII.1. promising6. swearIV.1.on 2.upon V.1. O 2. KWord BuildingVI.1. observeobserver: one who observes a person or an event2. ski skier: one who skis3. visit visitor: one who visits somebody or some place4. learn learner: one who learns something5. reportreporter: one who reports on persons or events for a newspaper6. drink drinker: one who often drinks alcohol, esp. too muchVII.1. tropical 2. musical 3. occasional 4. environmental 5. global 6. dangerous 7. natural 8. centralSentence structureVIII.1. They didnt lose heart despite lots of frustration.2. Despite the heavy rain, the boys played football in the yard all afternoon.3. I will try my best despite the slim chances of success.4. Despite a thorough search for the escaped prisoner in the mountain, no sign of him was found.5. Despite their increased income, their life became poorer because of the rising prices. IX.1. nor do I think it necessary to do so2. nor would they go to my sisters3. nor do we have her telephone number4. nor would I like to go to work immediately5. nor would ITranslationX.1. Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents.2. Mike didnt come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation.3. The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer.4. He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.5. The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence.6. This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience. XI.1 .尽管那项计划一开始就证明是不切实际的，但是他们还是坚持要实施.2 .我无法说服他接受这项计划，也无法使他认识到这项计划的重要性.3 .你是怎么把那么多东西塞进这个小行李箱的？4 .别人对他怎么看，他全不在意.5 .我能否指出你犯了个小错误？6 .他母亲让他开车慢一点儿，但是他从不把她的话放在心上.ClozeXII.1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. DXIV.Computers, just like any new technology, have a negative side. As more and more computers are used in production lines, many jobs are being taken over by computer-controlled machines. As a result, many workers are finding themselves jobless. This constitutes a threat to social security. Another problem is computer crimes. For example, some people are finding ways to break into the bank computer systems and transfer large sums of money to their own accounts. There have been many reports like this. One more negative effect of computers is that they bring about health problems. Sitting in front of computers all day undoubtedly affects people Back pain, wrist pain, failing eyesight, to name only a few.Section BReading skills I.I. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B Comprehension of the TextII. 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. BVocabularyIII.1. sake 2. sacrificed 3. crack 4. pursuing 5. explosive 6. overcome 7. indicated 8. opponents 9. stripped 10. denied IV.2. Natasha made herself stand out in the group interview by acting as the leader in her group.3. To be successful, you need a careful plan, good luck, help at the right time, and above all, hard work.4. They are not doing this to gain recognition or money; they are doing this for the sake of society.5. It was actually what he said rather than what he did that made me sad.6. Once my mother sets her mind on something, it will be very hard to stop her.7. Years of research had set the stage for their success in their field.8. Local people are used to the phenomenon, so they are not surprised at all.9. Today at this meeting we are going to focus on the question of air pollution.10. He never expected that his best friend would charge him with cheating in the exam.11. His parents were so strict with him in his studies that he had little time to participate in any activities outside of class.Unit 3Section AComprehension of the Text1. The writer is a black man who is not an American citizen.2. According to him, during their two years together they had experienced the usual ups and downs of a couple learning to know, understand, and respect each other. In addition he thought they had honestly confronted the weaknesses and strengths of each other s characters.3. They learned a great deal about tolerance, compromise, and being open with each other.4. As with many couples, they got married for the wrong reasons and found out many years later that they were incompatible. They didn t take enough time to know each other.5. Her mother, counseled Gail to be really sure she was doing the right thing.6. He immediately suspected that Mark was marrying his daughter in order to remain in the United States.7. He quoted statistics showing that mixed couples had a higher divorce rate than couples of the same race and gave examples of mixed couples he had counseled who were having marital difficulties.8. People can be very cruel toward children from mixed marriages.VocabularyIII.1. mutual 2. illusion 3. canceled4. overlooked5. proceeded6. resolve 7. prejudice 8. compromise 9. confirm10. subsequentlyIV.1. having nothing to do with 2. taking care of6. incompatible with7. ups and downsV.1. M 2. L 3. F 4. D 5. H3. met with 4. on the surface 5. work out8. learned of 9. indication of 10. all along6. O 7. A 8. C 9. I 10. KWord Building VI.1. shopping7. gathering VII.1. relationship7. brotherhood2. feeling8. removal2. citizenship8. authorship3. storage9. arrival3. leadership9. adulthood4. cooking 5. ending10. passage 11. writing4. membership5. boyhood10. neighborhood11. wisdom6. beginning12. marriage6. livelihood12. ownershipSentence structureVIII.1. It is never too bad (for us) to do something about the situation.2. One is never too old to learn.3. It is never too late (for you) to put a stop to this madness.4. It is never too late (for you) to mend your ways.5. His income was never too small to support his family. IX.1. My best friend, Anna, was here last night.2. The company manager, Mr. Madison, gathered his staff and announced the decision.3. You should have seen an ophthalmologist, an eye doctor.4. He sent for the accountant, the most experienced person in accounting.5. Leave it to me, said David, the man on night duty.TranslationX.1. You are never too experienced to learn new techniques.2. There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there.3. Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences.4. Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday.5. I have some reservations about the truth of your claim.6. She isnt particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height. XI.1 .应尽早告知年轻人：必须认真对待法律.2 .他现在面临一个重要决定，这个决定可能会影响他的整个前程.3 .即使在情况最糟糕的时候，你也必须保持镇静和信心.4 .人际关系的成功与否与双方相处是否融洽以及交流是否顺畅有很大关系5 .他受到袭击，身受重伤，随后不治而亡.6 .他的举止至少在表面上像个正常人.ClozeXII.1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D Structured Writing XIV.Many people place so much emphasis on success that they think any failure is bad. Failure is never pleasant because it hurts people. But in fact is can make a positive contribution to our life once we learn how to make the best of it. We can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one. And we can learn from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a total failure can give us fresh ideas or a change of direction. Repeated failures lead to success and prove to be beneficial to us as we experiment every day to find out the right way of doing things.Section BReading skills I.I. F 2. F 3. O 4. F 5. O 6. O 7. O 8. F Comprehension of the TextII.1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. D VocabularyIII.1. arrange 2. criticism3. innocent6. modest 7. compelled 8. somehow IV.1. on 2. from. to 3. off 4. with 5. away9. O 10. F4. criticizing 5. miserable9. anticipate 10. brilliant6. about 7. over 8. On 9. Concerning10. toUnit 4Section A:Comprehension of the Text1. He was waiting to see a woman who had filled a special place in his life for the past thirteen months.2. Soon after he volunteered for military service, he received a book and a letter from this woman.3. John Blandford was the only person to write her back.4. She had faithfully written to John. Even when his letters did not arrive, she wrote anyway, without decrease.5. As long as he received her letters, he felt as thought he could survive.6. She declined his request and explained her objection.7. Yes, but she had asked a lady well over forty to wear the rose on her coat.8. She wanted to make sure that John didner jus t foroverlbeauty.VocabularyIII.1. forbid 2. identical 3. objection 4. warmth 5. volunteers 6. overseas 7. declined8. resisted 9. fancy 10. decrease/decline IV.1. without fail 2. volunteer for 3. as long as 4. right away 5. more than6. am thankful.for 7. wrote back 8. forbidden from 9. vanished into 10. was free to V.1. O 2. J 3. G 4. H 5. L 6. A 7. E 8. B 9. C 10. NWord BuildingVI.1. sadness 2. weakness 3. carelessness 4. illness 5. darkness 6. kindness 7. laziness 8. nervousness VII.1. noisy 2. wealthy 3. sunny 4. lucky 5. tasty 6. healthy 7. angry 8. icy Sentence structureVIII.1. It is necessary for the manager to finish the whole task before leaving for a holiday.2. It is a shame to take so much money for doing so little.3. It is our responsibility to help people around us who are in trouble.4. It is a surprise for us all to realize he has been cheating us.5. It is pleasant for the mother to see her daughter growing into a young lady.IX.1. as long as she got her fathers agreement2. As long as you set a goal for yourself3. As long as she covers all the expenses herself4. as long as she does her job well5. As long as you never lose heartTranslationX.1. It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.2. It doesnt matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice.3. You must let me have the money back without fail by ten oclock tomorrow morning.4. Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it.5. Everyone knows that he is special: He is free to come and go as he pleases.6. Watching the unhappy look on her face, I felt as though she wishes to say something to me.XI.1 .现如今，仅仅受过中等教育的人要想找份好工作越来越难了。2 .留得青山在，不怕没柴烧.3 .如果你对所购物品不满意，我们将很乐意退款.4 .我们对这块伟大的美丽的土地心怀感激之情，多年来它迎接了众多的人来这里的海滩游览.5 .让老师吃惊的是，没人自愿当班长.6 .那条狗忠心耿耿地继续在火车站等待主人，直到两年后死去.ClozeXII.1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. CXIV.Parents have to save a large amount of money for their children to study abroad. Apart from the international flight, they have to pay for their daily expenses, such as food, shelter, entertainment, long -distance telephone calls, and clothing. In addition, the children should have some money ready to cover unexpected expenses.Section B:Reading skills1.2. I am almost dead.3. I am moving across the landscape.4. I have achieved a modest amount of prosperity.5. A friend convinces me to go on a blind date with a lady friend of his.6. Roma gets a faraway look in her eyes.Comprehension of the TextII.1. D2.A3. C4. A5. B6. B7. C8. AVocabularyIII.1. insurance2.descended3. precision4. trace5. stain6. specify7. accustomed8. embraced9. knelt10. prosperityIV.1. The Rockefeller family achieved a huge amount of prosperity in the oil business.2. What all workers have in common is expecting better working conditions.3. You dont know what his feelings will be, as they change from day to day.4. This is generally a warm place, but we do get freezing weather on occasion.5. Every year at Christmas drunk driving takes its toll on the joyful atmosphere.6. Many people still cling to the hope that one day there will be peace between the two countries.7. He was so angry that he lost control.8. The climate in Alaska is a far cry from that of Florida.9. How on earth did she manage to pass the test?10. His career as a teacher came to an end when he broke his leg, but he continued to write textbooks for students.Unit 5Section A:Comprehension of the TextI.1. She feels terrible. She wants to weep and she does weep a little.2. He smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself.3. He father was hooked by cigarettes. Though he smoked Prince Albert tobacco, he never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert; he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard-working colored man with too large a family.4. By that time, her father s health had become poor. His breathing was difficult; he had to rest very often whenhe was climbing stairs. It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.5. Money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies. As a result, over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, and eventually killing themselves.6. Cigarette ends are so poisonous that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die. Also, the boiled water from a hunch of cigarette ends makes an effective insecticide.7. she still remembers how carefully she ate when she was pregnant, and how patiently she taught her daughter how to cross a street safely, but now her daughter smokes, which amounts to killing herself by taking poison, as her father did.8. Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters others who must sit by.Vocabulary III.1. hardened6. noticeable IV.1. leaned on6. is directed V.1. J 2. G Word Building VI.2. shelter7. bunch2. close at handat. are.dressed in3. slim8. drag3. die of