商务英语函电Unit 8 Shipment

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit Eight,Shipment,Part One:Teaching Aims&Requirements,1.Help students to get some basic knowledge about shipment in International Trade,such as the items to be included in the Shipment Clause in the Contract,shipping instructions,notices of cargo readiness and Shipping Advice,among which the last one is the most important document.,2.Help students to study the example letters regarding shipment and learn some useful words and expressions in this business step.,3.Help students to learn how to write such kind of letters,especially the letters giving Shipping Advice.,4.Help students to have some idea about shipping documents,especially Bill of Lading,which is the most important one in ocean marine transport.,Part Two:Background Knowledge,I.The items to be included in the shipment clause,Shipment is one of the important links in import and export trade.The terms of shipment cover mainly the mode of shipment,time of shipment,port of shipment and port of destination,shipping documents,partial shipment,transshipment,etc.,which should be explicitly stipulated in the contract.,II.Shipping Instructions,Before shipment,the buyer sometimes sends his shipping requirements to the seller,informing him in writing of the packing,shipping marks and mode of transport,etc.,known as the Shipping Instructions.,III.Notice of Cargo Readiness,Under FOB terms,the seller shall,within a reasonable period of time,send to the buyer by fax/email a“X X days(definite)notice of cargo readiness in order to leave ample time for the latter to charter a ship or book shipping space and arrange insurance.,IV.Shipping Advice,After making shipment,the seller should,no matter on what trade terms the transaction is concluded,promptly advise the buyer of its completeness in order to help the latter to take out insurance and accept the goods.Such a notice is called Shipping Advice.,It should include:,1)Contract and/or L/C number(s);,2)Name of commodity;,3)Number of packages;,4)Total quantity shipped;,5)Name of the vessel;,6)Sailing date of the vessel(ETD,ETA);,7)Total value of the shipment;,8)Gross weight and net weight.,Nowadays,Shipping Advice is often sent by fax or email.If there is a stipulation regarding this in the L/C and/or the Contract,the sell should by no means neglect it.He must fulfill his obligations by giving the shipping advice in strict accordance with the stipulation,which is used as a negotiating document to be delivered to the bank.,V.Shipping Documents,When shipment is effected,the seller must deliver to the buyer a complete set of shipping documents as a sign of his performance of the contract and the basis of his negotiating.As to the types of the documents and the number of each of them,they are to be agreed upon by the buyer and the seller in a specific transaction.,When goods are transported by road,rail,or air,the contract of carriage takes the form of a consignment note or railway bill of lading or air waybill.In sea transport,an ocean bill of lading or a charter party is adopted instead.,1.The Ocean Bill of Lading,The ocean bill of lading,used in sea transport,is an essential document in making a shipment.It serves three functions.First,it is a receipt of the goods given to the shipper by the shipping company/carrier.Second,it is evidence of the contract between the carrier and the shipper for the performance of certain services upon certain conditions.Third,it is also a document of title to the goods,entitling the person named on it to claim the goods when they arrive at the port of destination.And when made out“to order,it becomes in practice a negotiable instrument,used as security for loans and other purposes.When drawn in this way,it is known as an order bill of lading.The straight bill of lading,on the other hand,is made out to a specific consignee.Such a document is not negotiable.,2.The Air Waybill,Besides transport by sea,road,or rail,carriage by air has become popular at present in order to speed up delivery.Instead of a bill of lading,an air waybill is entered into by the airline and the consignor.Like the bill of lading the airway bill serves as a receipt for the goods taken on board and is evidence of the contract of carriage.However,unlike the bill of lading,the air waybill is not a negotiable document or document of title.It cannot transfer ownership of the goods to which it refers.,VI.Letters regarding Shipment,Letters regarding shipment are usually written for the following purposes:,1)To urge an early shipment;,2)To amend shipping terms;,3)To send shipping instructions;,4)To give shipping advice;,5)To dispatch shipping documents and so on.,Part Three:Sample Letters(1),Study Useful Words&Phrases,1.press for:催逼，敦促；迫切要求,e.g.problems pressing for solution 急待解决的问题,to press(sb.)for a reply 催促某人答复,The rent collector is pressing(us)for payment again.,收租人又来催促交租了。,be pressed for:缺少，缺乏,e.g.We are pressed for time;we must hurry up.,我们时间紧迫，必须加紧。,Our firm is pressed for fun