初中虚拟语气

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar,the Subjunctive Mood,虚 拟 语 气,英语动词有三种语气:,陈述语气,，,祈使语气,和,虚拟语气,陈述语气,：用来表示所说的话是事实或提出疑问，广泛用语陈述句，疑问句和感叹句。,祈使语气,：表示所说的话是请求，命令，指示或劝告等。,虚拟语气,：,表示说话人的所说的话,不是事实,，,一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在,条件从句,中或,让步状语从句,中)；,一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在,宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,)。,Eg:We met in this room.,陈述语气,Do come to the meeting next Friday.,祈使语气,If I were you,I would study hard.,虚拟语气,一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法,.,条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。,真实条件句,所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。,非真实条件句,所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，与事实相反的情况。,If it is fine tomorrow,I will go to visit my grandma.,If I were a bird,I would fly to America.,1,、,真实条件句,：用于陈述语气，假设的情况,可能发生,，其中,if,是如果的意思。,时态关系：,主将从现 主情从现,主祈从现,If he come,s,he,will,bring his violin.,If he want,s,to go to university,he,must,study hard.,If it rains tomorrow,please,dont,come.,一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中,与,过去,事实相反的假设,would,should have+,过去分词,could,might,与,现在,相反的假设,与,将来,相反的假设,虚拟条件句,主句,If+,主语+,过去式,（,be,用,were),If+,主语+,had+,过去分词,If+,主语+过去式,（,be,用,were),If+,主语+,were to+,动词原形,If+,主语+,should+,动词原形,主语,would,动词原形,(should/could/might),主语,would,动词原形,(should/could/might),1.If I had time,I would go for a walk.(,事实上我现在没有时间，不能去散步）,2.If I,were,invited,I,would go,to the dinner.,（事实上没有人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会）,3.If I,had,a million dollars,I,would put,it in the bank.,（事实上我没有一百万美圆，也不可能存在银行）,现在事实相反,I,would,buy an expensive,car,.,I,would,buy a villa.,I,would,travel around the,world.,If I,won the lottery,现在事实相反,1.If I,had,enough money,I,would,travel,around the world.,2.,If I,were,you,I,would give,AIDS patient a,hug.,A,与现在事实相反,3 If they,were,here,they,would,help you.,4 They,would,help you,if,they,were,here.,If I _time last night,I _ to see the film with you.,had had,would have gone,B,与过去事实相反,If he,_,more carefully,he _ the car accident yesterday,.,had driven,would not have had,If I,had taken,your advice,I,wouldnt have made,a mistake.,2.If he,had been,there,it,wouldnt have happened.,3 If she had seen you yesterday,she would have asked you about it.,要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事,。,4 If you had taken my advice,，,you wouldnt (couldnt)have failed in the exam.,如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会,(,不可能,),考试不及格。,与过去事实相反,I _,a party for you.,should get,If you,_,_,_,got,Were to get,a full mark next time,C,与 将来事实相反,would hold,1 If it,were,Sunday tomorrow,I,should,/(would),go,to see my grandmother.,如果明天是星期天，我就,(,可能,),去看望我奶 奶。,2 If it,were to,snow this evening,they,would not go,out.,如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。,C,与将来事实相反,3 If you,succeeded,everything,would,be all right.4 If you,were to,succeed,everything,would,be all right.,If I,were,you,I,would give,AIDS patient a hug.,If I,had taken,your advice,I,wouldnt have made,a mistake.,If it,rained,tomorrow,they,wouldnt go,for an outing.,现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,与将来事实相反,要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了,。,If you,had come,a few minutes earlier,you would have met him.,明天要是天气好的话，我来看你,。,If it,were,sunny tomorrow,I would come to see you.,假如我是你的话，我会马上走。,与现在事实相反,If I were you,I would go at once.,与过去事实相反,与将来事实可能相反,1),假如我有一百万,我会把钱捐献给医学研究,._,2),如果我是你,我会穿衬衣打领带,.,_,3),假如我是你,我就会迟一点去,.,_,4),假如我是你,我就会带一个小礼物,.,_,5),如果我是你，我会在睡觉前好好的散步。,_,6),如果我是你,我就会和看上去很友好的人交谈,._,7,）如果我是你，我会更加努力学习英语。,_.,8,）如果昨晚你在这儿，就什么事都不会发生了。,_.,9,）如果我早到一点的话，我就会赶上那辆公共汽车了。,_.,10,）明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考试了。,_.,A,用所给动词的适当形式填空,1.If I _(find)a purse,I _(give)it to the police.,2.If I _(be)a bird,I _(fly)in the blue sky.,3.If you _(have)something important,you _(can go)now.,4.If I _(be)you,I _(choose)this one,.,用虚拟语气完成下列句子。,1.,如果我是一只小鸟，我会飞到月球上去。,If I,a bird,I,to the moon.,2.,如果她和我们在一起，我们会更早完成任务。,If she,us,we,the task earlier.,3.,如果有人给我钱的话，我明天就去买辆车。,If someone,me money,I a car tomorrow.,4.Ill travel around the world if I have a lot of money.,（改为虚拟语气的句子）,I,around the world if I,a lot of money.,PRACTICE 1,:,Fill in the blanks,.,a.If they _(be)here,they _(take)your advice.,b.If the world-war _(break)out again,what _(happen)to our people on earth?,c.If the policeman _(be not)in that room now,it _(be)very dangerous.,d.If I _(be)in your position,I _(ask)for teachers help.,were,would take,broke,would happen,were not,could be,were,would ask,PRACTICE 2:,Fill in the blanks,e.If Tom,_,(be)more careful in the,exam,he,_ _,(pass)it already.,f.If you,(get)up earlier,you,_ _,(catch)the first train.,g.If I,_,(meet)you yesterday,we,_ _,(go)to the concert together.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,had met,would have gone,二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句中,Wish,的宾语从句,现在：,过去：,未来,：,过去时（,were）,过去完成时,would/could/might+V.,I wish I,were,a bird,I wish I,hadnt made,such a mistake,We wish our parents,wouldnt punish,us.,I wish I _(be)as tall as you.,were,I wish,every day,_(be),my birthday.,were,I wish,I,_,(eat)so much watermelon.,h,adn,t eaten,用于宾语从句,I wish,从句结构,Example,与现在事实相反,一般过去式,I wish it,were,autumn now.,与过去事实相反,过去完成式,He wishes(wished)he,had not lost,the chance.,与将来事实相反,would+V.,原形,I wish you,would come,soon.,I wish I,were,as tall as you.,I wish I,became,as famous as Yao Ming.,I wish I,were,a bird.,I wish I,could,fly like a bird.,I wish every day,were,my birthday.,现在时,He wish he,hadnt,eaten so much watermelon.,I wish the lunch time,would come,soon.,I wish it,would,rain tomorrow.