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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,-Forefather of Modern Linguistics,Ferdinand de Saussure,Main Contents,Biography,Main Academic Viewpoints,Works,Biography,He was a Swisslinguist and semiotician whose ideas laid a foundation for many significant developments both inlinguisticsand semioticsin the 20th century.,He is widely considered one of the fathers of 20,th,century linguistics.,1857 born in Geneva,1875-1876 studying physics and chemistry at the,University of Geneva,(,日内瓦大学,),1876-1878 entering into,University of Leipzig,(,德国莱比锡大学,),studying the historical linguistics,Biography,1878 at the,University of Berlin,publishing a book entitled,Mmoire sur le systme primitif des voyelles dans les langues indo-europennes,(Dissertation on the Primitive Vowel System in Indo-European Languages),论印欧系语元音的原始系统,1880 wrote a doctoral thesis on thelocative absolute in Sanskrit,论梵语绝对属格的用法,was awarded his doctorate.,1881-1891 He taught the ancient and modern languages at the,cole pratique des hautes tudes,（巴黎的高等应用学院）,for eleven years.,Biography,1891 teaching Sanskrit and historical linguistics at the,University of Geneva,for the remainder of his life.,1907 teaching the Course of General Linguistics,which he would offer three times,ending in the summer of 1911.,1913 died in,Vufflens-le-Chteau,维夫郎堡,Vaud,Switzerland.,Biography,Main Academic Viewpoints,Semiotics,记号语言学,Language is a subject based on,symbol and meaning,.,Langue and Parole,语言与言语,Langue,refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.,Parole,refers to the realization of langue in actual use.,Main Academic Viewpoints,Signifier and Signified,语言的能指与所指,The signifier,is the pointing finger,the word,the sound-image.,The signified,is the concept,the meaning,the thing indicated by the signifier.,Main Academic Viewpoints,Synchronic vs.Diachronic,共,时语言学,与历时语言学,The description of a language at some point of time in history is,a synchronic,study.,The,description of a language as it changes through time is a,diachronic,study.,Main Academic Viewpoints,句段关系和联想关系,句段关系是指语言的横向组合。,联想关系是由心理的联想而产生，指词语的纵合聚合。,Works,Mmoire sur le systme primitif des voyelles dans les langues indo-europennes,(,Dissertation on the Primitive System of Vowels in Indo-European Languages,),论印欧系语言元音的原始系统,Works,Course in General Linguistics,（,Cours de linguistique gnrale,）,普通语言学教程,Members:Li Shuang,Liu Zhitian,Ma Qing,Thank You!,
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