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单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,返回,Chapter 7,Product Descriptions,产品说,明,明,Product Descriptions,返回,知识目,标,标:,1.,了解产,品,品说明,书,书的基,本,本知识,2.,掌握产,品,品说明,书,书的语,言,言特点,及,及其常,用,用翻译,技,技巧,3.,掌握英,汉,汉互译,中,中的反,译,译法,能力目,标,标:,1.,能够正,确,确地翻,译,译产品,说,说明书,中,中常用,的,的词汇,和,和句型,2.,能够运,用,用所学,翻,翻译技,巧,巧熟练,地,地翻译,各,各类产,品,品说明,书,书,3.,能够熟,练,练地运,用,用反译,法,法进行,英,英汉互,译,译,产品说,明,明书是,产,产品标,识,识的重,要,要组成,部,部分,,是,是用在,产,产品上,或,或包装,上,上用于,识,识别产,品,品或其,特,特征、,特,特性所,做,做出的,各,各种表,达,达和指,示,示的统,称,称。产,品,品说明,书,书主要,用,用文字,、,、符号,、,、标志,、,、标记,、,、数字,及,及图案,等,等来表,示,示,给,销,销售者,、,、购买,者,者提供,产,产品信,息,息,帮,助,助他们,了,了解产,品,品的性,能,能、质,量,量状况,,,,说明,产,产品的,使,使用、,保,保养条,件,件,起,到,到了指,导,导消费,的,的作用,。,。许多,产,产品说,明,明的内,容,容都标,在,在产品,或,或产品,的,的包装,上,上,让,人,人一目,了,了然,,为,为用户,、,、消费,者,者挑选,产,产品提,供,供了方,便,便。,产品说,明,明书在,英,英语中,通,通常有,3,种不同,的,的说法,,,,即,Instruction,(使用,指,指导),、,、,Direction,(指示、,用,用法说明,),)、,Description,(说明书,),)。一份,准,准确清楚,的,的说明书,,,,可以激,起,起人们的,购,购买欲望,,,,从而起,到,到良好的,宣,宣传促销,效,效果。英,语,语产品说,明,明书的结,构,构,根据,产,产品的性,能,能、用途,等,等方面的,不,不同,其,结,结构形式,也,也有所不,同,同。产品,说,说明书由,标,标题和正,文,文两大部,分,分构成:,1.,产品说明,书,书的标题,。,。虽然说,明,明书的标,题,题不如广,告,告的标题,重,重要,甚,至,至有些说,明,明书没有,标,标题,但,这,这不等于,说,说产品说,明,明书的标,题,题不重要,,,,从宣传,效,效果上看,,,,标题仍,然,然很重要,,,,它起到,了,了引导作,用,用,说明,书,书的标题,如,如同广告,的,的标题,,也,也分为直,接,接性标题,和,和间接性,标,标题,有,时,时还有副,标,标题。,2.,产品说明,书,书的内容,。,。一般有,几,几个部分,组,组成:产,品,品的特征,、,、功能和,产品说明书的翻译要结合说明书自身的语言特点,也要注重信、达、雅在翻译过程中的作用,毕竟产品说明书是产品广告宣传的一个重要组成部分。产品说明表达不当,会给用户、消费者造成误解,诱发产品质量责任纠纷等。,Healthful functi,on,b. Produce license,c. Abroad franchiser,d. Efficacycomponent and content,e. Safe-deposittime-limit,f. Production Date,g. Edible methodanddosageh. Net weight,Disagreepeoplej. Applicable peoplek. Preservemethod,l. Executivestandardm. Ingredient (Mostly material)n. Specification,n. Advertentitem,1.,配料(主,要,要原料),2.,功效成份,及,及含量,3.,保健功能,4.,适宜人群,5.,不适宜人,群,群,6.,食用方法,及,及食用量,7.,规格,8.,保质期,9.,净重,10.,贮藏方法,11.,注意事项,12.,执行标准,13.,生产卫生,许,许可批准,文,文号,14.,国外总经,销,销,15,生产日期,产品说明,书,书隶属于,应,应用文体,,,,其功能,在,在于传递,信,信息的功,能,能,起着,辅,辅助广告,的,的作用,它突出介,绍,绍产品的,优,优点、效,果,果,有的,也,也会附注,一,一些注意,事,事项等,,从,从一定程,度,度上可以,激,激发消费,者,者的购买,欲,欲望,起,着,着促进该,产,产品的销,售,售作用。,产,产品说明,书,书的语言,一,一般具备,如,如下特点,:,:,一、语言简,洁,洁,二、客观、,精,精确、具有,感,感染力,三、条式风,格,格突出,版,面,面设计独特,I.,产品说明书,的,的语言特点,1.,语言简洁,说明书的句,子,子结构都比,较,较简单,在,使,使用中经常,使,使用一些简,单,单句、祈使,句,句;同时也,注,注重使用一,些,些名词、名,词,词短语、复,合,合词、动词,及,及非谓语动,词,词等的使用,。,。,2.,客观、精确,、,、具有感染,力,力,说明书的目,的,的是为了让,消,消费者了解,产,产品的特征,和,和性能,以,便,便做出正确,的,的选择和正,确,确地使用该,产,产品。其内,容,容客观真实,、,、数据精确,、,、语言通俗,易,易懂,但也,会,会适当地使,用,用文学性语,言,言来进行表,达,达,以增强,其,其可读性和,感,感染力。,3.,条式风格突,出,出,版面设,计,计独特,由于说明书,所,所涉及的内,容,容较多,一,般,般采用条式,性,性排列,使,其,其内容清楚,明,明了。同时,为,为了达到吸,引,引消费者的,目,目的,往往,采,采用一些不,同,同于其他产,品,品的特殊字,体,体和版面模,式,式来突出该,产,产品,如黑,体,体字标题,,数,数字序号,,特,特殊符号等,。,。,II.,产品说明书,的,的,翻译技巧,根据以上所,述,述产品说明,书,书的语言特,点,点,一般来,说,说,在翻译,时,时要注意以,下,下几点:,1.,遵循两条基,本,本的翻译原,则,则,(,1,)保持其技,术,术和知识的,传,传播性。说,明,明书起着传,播,播技术和知,识,识的作用,,介,介绍机件的,工,工作原理或,者,者产品的功,能,能、主要技,术,术参数或者,主,主要成分构,成,成。在翻译,时,时,不得出,现,现随意更改,、,、漏译、误,译,译,必须忠,实,实于原文。,例如:,Thismachine isequippedwitha gear transmissionmechanism,andits multi-diesare arranged inline. Itcan draw steel,aluminum,brass andother kinds ofmetal wires.,译文:本机,采,采用齿轮变,速,速传动结构,,,,串联组成,多,多模连续拉,丝,丝机,可拉,拔,拔钢、铝或,黄,黄铜等金属,线,线材。,(,2,)注意语言,的,的可读性和,感,感染力。由,于,于说明书对,广,广告具有辅,助,助作用,其,语,语言要做到,通,通俗易懂,,适,适当时候可,以,以运用一些,文,文学语言,,以,以完成其广,告,告效应。但,同,同时又要注,意,意不要过分,夸,夸大。例如,:,:, Addsugar andmilkto taste.,译文:加入,适,适量的牛奶,和,和糖,味道,更,更佳。, A nourishingbeverage for all ages. Anexcellentgiftin all seasons.,译文:本品,适,适宜于四季,饮,饮用,是老,少,少皆宜的营,养,养饮料,也,是,是馈赠亲友,之,之佳品。,2.,熟悉英语产,品,品说明书中,的,的常用句型,句型是语言,结,结构的要素,,,,因此熟悉,英,英文产品说,明,明书中的常,见,见句型对成,功,功地翻译原,文,文十分必要,。,。,(,1,)(情态动,词,词),be +,形容词,/,过去分词,+,目的状语,该句型主要,用,用于文章的,开,开头,说明,该,该产品的用,途,途。例如:,The product isusedfor creating your own hair style specialforcreating your look and shapingbeautifulhair.,译文:使用,本,本品能将头,发,发随意梳理,定,定型,彰显,个,个性,秀发,出,出众。,类似常见类,型,型还有:,be used for ,be used to,be used as,be designed to,be suitable tobe used in,be available for/to,may be used to,be adaptedfor/to ,be designed tobe so asto ,be capableof,(,2,)(情态动,词,词,+,),be+,介词短语,这种句型用,于,于说 明,物,物体的特征,、,、状态和范,围,围,以及计,量,量单位等。,例,例如:,ThetypeCYJ15-18-18 oilpumping machine isof simpleand compact construction.,译文:,CYJ15-18-18,型抽油机的,结,结构紧凑。,The wiringshould bein good condition and core flex shouldnot be exposed.,译文:这些,配,配线必须完,好,好无算,中,心,心导体不得,裸,裸露。,(,3,),be +,形容词,+,介词短语,Motorpulley isprovidedwithtapersleeve soas to beeasyin installing and dismountingit.,译文:电机,皮,皮带轮上备,有,有锥套,便,于,于安装和拆,卸,卸。,(,4,)现在分词,+,名词,这种句型用,于,于说明维修,或,或操作程序,及,及说明有关,技,技术要求。,例,例如:,Simultaneouslycutting two pieces of sheet isstrictlyforbidden.,译文,:,:绝,对,对禁,止,止同,时,时冲,剪,剪两,块,块板,材,材。,(,5,)名,词,词,+,过去,分,分词,Trouble:thestemsticky,Reasons:thestembent;thespringbroken;glandpackingpressedtootightly,译文,:,:故,障,障:,阀,阀杆,运,运动,不,不灵,活,活。,原因,:,:阀,杆,杆弯,曲,曲;,弹,弹簧,损,损坏,;,;压,盖,盖填,料,料压,得,得太,紧,紧。,3.,按不,同,同题,材,材说,明,明书,进,进行,翻,翻译,各类,产,产品,的,的性,质,质和,用,用途,不,不同,,,,产,品,品的,说,说明,书,书的,方,方法,及,及内,容,容也,各,各不,相,相同,。,。一,般,般说,来,来,,说,说明,书,书的,翻,翻译,需,需要,具,具备,专,专业,词,词汇,或,或查,阅,阅专,门,门词,典,典,,也,也更,需,需要,在,在平,时,时学,习,习中,注,注意,积,积累,掌,掌握,。,。熟,知,知各,种,种不,同,同题,材,材说,明,明书,的,的语,言,言及,内,内容,将,将有,助,助于,我,我们,的,的翻,译,译。,下,下面,是,是一,些,些意,思,思表,达,达准,确,确、,语,语言,简,简明,规,规范,的,的各,类,类说,明,明书,翻,翻译,实,实例,。,。,说明,书,书的,翻,翻译,技,技巧,一、,机,机电,产,产品,说,说明,书,书,机电,产,产品,说,说明,书,书主,要,要用,于,于帮,助,助使,用,用者,掌,掌握,该,该设,备,备的,操,操作,方,方法,,,,包,括,括用,途,途、,产,产品,规,规格,、,、操,作,作须,知,知、,维,维护,及,及保,养,养等,。,。,(,1,)对,用,用途,的,的说,明,明,Theseversatilewheeledtractorsarereliableenoughtotackleavarietyoffieldjobssuchasploughing,harrowing,seeddrilling,cultivating,harvesting,etc.,译文,:,:这,种,种多,用,用途,轮,轮式,拖,拖拉,机,机适,用,用于,犁,犁、,耙,耙、,播,播种,、,、中,耕,耕、,收,收割,等,等多,种,种田,间,间作,业,业。,(,2,)对,产,产品,规,规格,的,的描,述,述,Processingrange:6.5mm2.4mmoutput:3.5t/shift5t/shift,译文,:,:加,工,工范,围,围:,6.5,毫米,2.4,毫米,输,输出,功,功率,:,:,3.5,吨,/,转,5,吨,/,转,(,3,)对,设,设备,特,特点,的,的说,明,明,Simpleconstruction,easyoperationandmaintenance,comparativelyhighproductivity.,译文,:,:结,构,构简,单,单,,操,操作,容,容易,,,,维,修,修方,便,便,,生,生产,率,率较,高,高。,(,4,),故,故障,排,排除,Trouble:TheshaverdoesnotworkwhentheON/OFFbuttonispressed.,Solution:replacethebatteries.Iftheshaverstilldoesnotwork,see,“,“Guarantee&service,”,”.,译文,:,:问,题,题:,按,按下,按,按钮,开,开关,后,后剃,须,须刀,不,不工,作,作。,解决,方,方法,:,:更,换,换电,池,池。,如,如果,剃,剃须,刀,刀仍,然,然不,能,能工,作,作,,请,请参,阅,阅“,保,保证,及,及,维,维修,服,服务,”,”。,(,5,),安,安全,警,警示,说,说明,Preventtheappliancefromgettingwet.,译,文,文,:,:,确,确,保,保,剃,剃,须,须,器,器,与,与,电,电,线,线,保,保,持,持,干,干,燥,燥,。,。,Removethebatteriesfromtheapplianceifyouarenotgoingtouseitforquitesometime.,译,文,文,:,:,长,长,时,时,间,间,不,不,使,使,用,用,本,本,设,设,备,备,,,,,请,请,取,取,出,出,电,电,池,池,。,。,(,6,),操,操,作,作,说,说,明,明,SwitchtheapplianceonbypressingtheswitchlockandpushingtheON/OFFbuttonupwards.,译,文,文,:,:,按,按,下,下,开,开,关,关,键,键,并,并,把,把,开,开,/,关,键,键,往,往,上,上,推,推,,,,,便,便,可,可,启,启,动,动,本,本,设,设,备,备,。,。,二,、,、,食,食,品,品,类,类,说,说,明,明,书,书,食,品,品,是,是,人,人,类,类,生,生,存,存,不,不,可,可,缺,缺,少,少,的,的,,,,,食,食,品,品,说,说,明,明,应,应,包,包,括,括,产,产,品,品,的,的,构,构,成,成,成,成,分,分,、,、,食,食,用,用,方,方,法,法,、,、,保,保,健,健,作,作,用,用,、,、,保,保,质,质,期,期,、,、,存,存,放,放,方,方,法,法,等,等,。,。,(,1,),食,食,品,品,成,成,分,分,Ingredients:freshbeefofhighquality,sugar,chillyoil,sesa,译文:配料:优质鲜牛肉、白砂糖、辣椒油、芝麻油、盐、香料。,(,2,)食用方法,For drinking hot: put two or three teaspoonfuls of Lacovo in a cup, then add hot water and stir until the grains are thoroughly dissolved.,译文:热饮:取乐口福两至三茶匙,然后倒入适量开水,搅拌至完全溶解。,Edibleafteropened.,译,文,文,:,:,开,开,袋,袋,即,即,食,食,。,。,(,3,),健,健,康,康,作,作,用,用,Regularuseofthecreamresultsin,译文:经常搽用本品,可增强皮肤细胞活力,促进新陈代谢,保持皮肤洁白、红润,延缓衰老。,三、医,药,药产品,的,的说明,书,书,(,1,) 药,物,物性状,Itisa white or afaintlyyellowpowder to which appropriate amountsofwaterare added to prepareanoff white suspensionfor intr,amu,scularlyuseorayellowishsolutionfor intravenous administration.,译文:,它,它是一,种,种白色,至,至微黄,色,色粉末,,,,加适,量,量水可,配,配制成,近,近乎白,色,色的悬,浊,浊液,,供,(,2,)药物作用,It is a bactericidal antibiotic which is resistant to most B-lastamases and is active against a wide range of gram positive and gram negative organism.,译文:它是一种抗菌素,不但能抵抗大多数内酰铵酶,而且抵抗各种革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌。,(,3,) 适,应,应症,Itisindicatedfor thetreatmentofinfection beforetheinfecting organism hasbeen identifiedorwhencausedbysensitive bacteria.,译文:,在,在感染,细,细菌未,被,被确认,出,出来,,或,或由敏,感,感细菌,引,引起感,染,染时,,本,本药品,使,使用。,(,4,)禁忌,Itshould notbeused in patients withkn,own,sensitivitytothe drug.,译文:,对,对该药,物,物过敏,者,者禁止,使,使用。,The followingadverse reactionsmayoccasion,all,y occur:dryness of themouth,thirst,drowsiness,fatigue,dizziness, heartburn,anorexia, abdominaldiscomfort andexanthema.,译文:,偶,偶尔可,能,能出现,下,下列副,作,作用:,口,口干、,口,口渴、,发,发困、,乏,乏力、,头,头晕、,心,心部烧,灼,灼感、,食,食欲不,振,振、腹,部,部不适,、,、药疹,。,。,四、化,学,学用品,类,类说明,书,书,化学类,用,用品的,使,使用要,格,格外严,谨,谨。一,般,般来说,,,,其内,容,容主要,包,包括产,品,品作用,、,、使用,方,方法、,注,注意事,项,项等。,(,1,)产品,作,作用,Itmoistu,riz,esyour skininhot,cold anddryclimateconditions,takingextracareofyour skinagainstthedrying effectofthesun,helping preventdry skinand protectingyourskin fromadditionalloss of skinmoisture.,译文:,无,无论是,酷,酷热、,寒,寒冷或,是,是干燥,的,的气候,,,,本产,品,品都能,滋,滋润您,的,的皮肤,,,,具有,防,防晒,,预,预防皮,肤,肤干燥,、,、锁水,保,保湿等,功,功效。,(,2,)使用,方,方法,Wash theface withlukewarmwaterand evenlyrubalittleamount allover,twicedaily,one in themorning andtheotherinthe evening, andthesatisfactory effectwill soonbeobtained.,译文:早晚,两,两次,用温,开,开水洗脸后,取,取本品少许,,,,均匀搽遍,面,面部即可收,到,到满意效果,。,。,(,3,)注意事项,Do not spray over food ortableware. Donot use orstore near fire. Donotstrike. Itshould bekeptin cool placeand kept away from the children.,译文:勿向,食,食物和食具,喷,喷洒。勿在,近,近火源处存,放,放或使用。,勿,勿敲撬。宜,放,放在阴凉、,儿,儿童不易碰,到,到的地方。,机电类产品,说,说明书常用,词,词汇,steamroller,压路机,oil can,油壶,bulldozer,推土机,gear,齿轮,mechanicaldigger, excavator,挖掘机,processingrange,加工范围,weeding machine,除草机,output,输出功率,tractor,拖拉机,power,功率,seeder, broadcaster,播种机,overall dimensions,外形尺寸,mower,割草机,wiredrawing machine,拉丝机,harvester,reaper,收割机,washing machine,空调,winepress,葡萄榨汁,机,机,air-conditioner,空调,milkingmachine,挤奶机,oilpumpingmachine,抽油机,stem,阀杆,power supply,电源,frequency,频率,automatic,自动的,stereo radiocassette recorder,立体声收,录,录两用机,食品类产,品,品说明书,常,常用词汇,afternoon tea,下午茶,roast,烤,soup,汤,bake,烘,maincourse,主菜,ingredients,配料,sweet,,,dessert,甜食,netweight,净重,snack,点心,小,吃,吃,appetizing,美味的,fasting,禁食,banquet,宴会,diet,节食,billoffare, menu,菜单,菜,谱,谱,医药类产,品,品说明书,常,常用词汇,composition,main ingredients,主要成分,warnings,警告,properties,性质,特,性,性,usage,用法,pharmacology,药理作用,contraindication,禁忌,precaution,注意事项,sideeffect,adverseevents,副作用,adversereaction,不良反应,supply,规格,specification,规格,storage,储存,expiry,使用期限,shelf life,保存期,manufacturer,生产厂家,RatificationNo.,批准文号,description,说明,heal,愈合,actions,主治,cure,治疗,indication,适应症,日化类产,品,品说明书,常,常用词汇,whiten,使,变,变,白,白,shampoo,洗,发,发,露,露,smoothen,使,光,光,滑,滑,cosmetics,化,妆,妆,品,品,cleanse,清,洗,洗,rub,搽,formulate,配,制,制,cream,膏,moisturizer,滋,润,润,剂,剂,mousse,摩,丝,丝,whiteningessence,净,白,白,精,精,华,华,insecticide,杀,虫,虫,剂,剂,moisturizinglotion,润,肤,肤,露,露,washingpowder,洗,衣,衣,粉,粉,1.,说,明,明,书,书,的,的,条,条,式,式,性,性,有,的,的,商,商,品,品,说,说,明,明,书,书,由,由,于,于,项,项,目,目,较,较,多,多,,,,,以,以,条,条,款,款,式,式,书,书,写,写,。,。,条,条,款,款,式,式,说,说,明,明,书,书,将,将,各,各,项,项,内,内,容,容,排,排,列,列,得,得,十,十,分,分,清,清,楚,楚,。,。,翻,翻,译,译,这,这,类,类,说,说,明,明,书,书,时,时,,,,,也,也,应,应,按,按,照,照,原,原,文,文,的,的,条,条,款,款,式,式,书,书,写,写,,,,,以,以,便,便,从,从,语,语,言,言,形,形,式,式,上,上,和,和,内,内,容,容,上,上,达,达,到,到,对,对,等,等,。,。,2.,说,明,明,书,书,与,与,广,广,告,告,的,的,异,异,同,同,广,告,告,最,最,主,主,要,要,的,的,特,特,点,点,就,就,是,是,要,要,影,影,响,响,公,公,众,众,,,,,而,而,且,且,是,是,通,通,过,过,媒,媒,介,介,等,等,手,手,段,段,。,。,而,而,产,产,品,品,说,说,明,明,书,书,通,通,常,常,是,是,与,与,产,产,品,品,附,附,在,在,一,一,起,起,的,的,,,,,不,不,会,会,单,单,独,独,张,张,贴,贴,或,或,通,通,过,过,电,电,视,视,、,、,广,广,播,播,单,单,独,独,播,播,出,出,。,。,说,说,明,明,书,书,和,和,广,广,告,告,的,的,共,共,同,同,点,点,是,是,传,传,递,递,信,信,息,息,,,,,但,但,广,广,告,告,还,还,有,有,劝,劝,说,说,功,功,能,能,,,,,目,目,的,的,是,是,要,要,公,公,众,众,对,对,所,所,宣,宣,传,传,的,的,产,产,品,品,或,或,服,服,务,务,感,感,兴,兴,趣,趣,并,并,购,购,买,买,产,产,品,品,或,或,接,接,受,受,服,服,务,务,,,,,而,而,说,说,明,明,书,书,只,只,是,是,让,让,货,货,物,物,的,的,购,购,买,买,者,者,了,了,解,解,产,产,品,品,以,便,便,做,做,出,出,正,正,确,确,的,的,选,选,择,择,。,。,从,从,这,这,个,个,意,意,义,义,上,上,来,来,讲,讲,,,,,说,说,明,明,书,书,起,起,了,了,广,广,告,告,的,的,辅,辅,助,助,作,作,用,用,。,。,3.,产,品,品,说,说,明,明,书,书,和,和,专,专,业,业,知,知,识,识,紧,紧,密,密,相,相,关,关,产,品,品,说,说,明,明,书,书,有,有,其,其,专,专,业,业,范,范,围,围,,,,,在,在,英,英,译,译,时,时,会,会,呈,呈,现,现,处,处,高,高,度,度,的,的,专,专,业,业,性,性,。,。,专,专,业,业,术,术,语,语,语,语,义,义,具,具,有,有,严,严,谨,谨,性,性,和,和,单,单,一,一,性,性,,,,,因,因,而,而,反,反,映,映,的,的,信,信,息,息,更,更,加,加,准,准,确,确,。,。,如,如,:,:,药,药,品,品,的,的,“,“,保,保,存,存,期,期,”,”,不,不,是,是,“,“,storageperiod,”,”,而,是,是,“,“,shelflife,”,”,医,学,学,用,用,语,语,“,“,瞳,瞳,孔,孔,”,”,不,不,是,是,“,“,appleofone,seye,”,”,而,是,是,“,“,pupil,”,”,“,“,肺,活,活,量,量,”,”,不,不,是,是,“,“,lungcapacity,”,”,而,是,是,“,“,vitalcapacity,”,”,。,尤,尤,其,其,是,是,产,产,品,品,说,说,明,明,书,书,涉,涉,及,及,到,到,的,的,成,成,分,分,、,、,数,数,据,据,、,、,公,公,式,式,和,和,使,使,用,用,方,方,法,法,等,等,更,更,是,是,要,要,求,求,翻,翻,译,译,准,准,确,确,无,无,误,误,,,,,保,保,持,持,技,技,术,术,和,和,知,知,识,识,的,的,传,传,播,播,性,性,特,特,点,点,。,。,4.,产品说明书,翻,翻译中的跨,文,文化意识,由于文化的,不,不同和语言,的,的差异以及,不,不同民族对,同,同一事物产,生,生的不同心,理,理感受,一,种,种语言中的,特,特殊概念在,另,另一种语言,中,中常常会出,现,现语义上的,空,空缺及理解,上,上的背向。,例,例如:,它保持了贵,州,州茅台酱香,浓,浓郁、典雅,细,细致、酒体,醇,醇厚、回味,悠,悠长等贵州,茅,茅台的特点,。,。,译文:,It possesses the unique styleand flavorandis anextensively enjoyable drink.,“,酱香浓郁、,典,典雅细致、,酒,酒体醇厚、,回,回味悠长”,是,是中文形容,白,白酒口感的,常,常用说法,,而,而在西方,,人,人们很少喝,白,白酒,更没,有,有这样特殊,复,复杂的形容,酒,酒的口感的,用,用法,若将,其,其直译出来,,,,西方读者,一,一定感到别,扭,扭,无法接,受,受。因此译,文,文将中文这,种,种特殊的说,法,法“一般化,”,”后译为“,is anextensively enjoyable drink”,就让西方读,者,者感觉非常,明,明确,又让,译,译文显得十,分,分简洁。,以下是一则,密,密码锁(,zipper lock,)的使用说,明,明,但是设,定,定新密码的,步,步骤不慎被,打,打乱了,请,重,重新排列并,翻,翻译。,Zipper lock,UsageInstructions,The lock is setat the manufacturerto open at 000. Youcankeepit asyourcombination, or seta new oneas following steps:,(1) Release thebutton and rotate the dials so that your three secretnumbers cant be seen.,(2) If youwantto changeto anewcombination, repeatthe steps.,(3) Push the buttonin the direction ofthe arrowand hold it, until completingthe next step.,(4) Turn the dials to your desiredpersonal combination.,(5) Now your new personalcodeis set.,请阅读下面,某,某保健食品,的,的说明书及,其,其翻译,结,合,合说明书翻,译,译的知识指,出,出其中的不,当,当之处,并,尝,尝试改正过,来,来,原文:,配料:蜂胶,规格:,500mg,60,粒,2,瓶,营养成分及,含,含量:每,100g,含总黄酮,800mg,适合人群:,所,所有人群,使用方法:,每,每天一次,,每,每次二粒,,空,空腹服用,注意事项:,本,本品不能代,替,替药物使用,储存方法:,置,置阴凉干燥,处,处,译文:,【Ingredients】:bee prop,o,lis,【Specification】: 500mg60softgels2bottles,【Thenourishment composition and content,】,】: the each 100gs contains the,totalflavonoid,800mg,【In keeping thecrowd】: all crowd,【 theEatmethod】: everyday once, each time 2, getempty thestomach,【Regulation】: this article can,t replacethemedicine usage,【Store themethod】:placethecooland dry place,以下是西门,子,子(,Siemens,)电器的一,则,则说明书中,的,的保修说明,部,部分,请尝,试,试翻译其翻,译,译成英语,保修期内,,用,用户送修时,必,必须持有送,修,修产品购买,的,的有效发票,和,和厂方指定,的,的相关三包,凭,凭证,三包,有,有效期自发,票,票开具之日,起,起算。用户,应,应妥善保存,保,保修卡和购,机,机发票,送,修,修时必须同,时,时出示保修,卡,卡和购机发,票,票。用户遗,失,失购买发票,时,时,应按出,厂,厂日期推算,三,三包有效期,。,。,III.,常用翻译方,法,法系列:反,译,译法,反译法是指,翻,翻译时从反,面,面着笔把愿,意,意表达出来,,,,是英汉翻,译,译中常用的,一,一种方法和,技,技巧。英汉,两,两种语言在,逻,逻辑思维方,面,面存在着差,异,异,在翻译,过,过程中有时,有,有必要使用,“,“反译法”,,,,使译文反,映,映出原文的,风,风格意境。,1.,英语从正面,表,表达,译文,从,从反面表达,。,。,(,1,),The claimsmentionedabove shall beregardedas being accepted ifthesellers fail toreply within 30 days after the sellersreceived the buyersclaim.,译文:若卖,方,方收到上述,索,索赔后,30,天未予答复,,,,则认为卖,方,方已接受买,方,方索赔。,(,2,),Itwasbeyondhispowertosignsuchacontract.,译文,:,:他,无,无权,签,签订,这,这种,合,合同,。,。,(,3,),Thepriceistoohightobeaccepted.,译文,:,:价,格,格太,高,高,,无,无法,接,接受,。,。,(,4,),Inthiscase,wewerecompelledtocancelthecontract,ratherthanlodgingapenaltyagainstyou.,译文,:,:在,此,此情,况,况下,,,,我,方,方被,迫,迫撤,约,约而,未,未向,贵,贵方,提,提出,罚,罚款,。,。,(,5,),In the absence of asettlement through negotiation,thecaseunder dispute can be submittedto arbitration.,译文:如,果,果通过谈,判,判找不到,解,解决办法,,,,整治之,事,事可提交,仲,仲裁。,2.,英语从反,面,面表达,,译,译文从正,面,面表达。,(,1,),APECwill have to benon-discriminatoryandit willhavetoseektobe openrather thanclosed in its approach.,译文:亚,太,太经济合,作,作组织必,须,须一视同,仁,仁,并且,态,态度上必,须,须是开放,的,的而非封,闭,闭的。,(,2,),Brokersfieldedfranticcalls from investorsinvariousstages of disbeliefandagony.,译文:经,纪,纪人现场,回,回答投资,者,者打来的,万,万分激动,的,的电话,,这,这些投资,者,者都处于,程,程度不同,的,的怀疑和,痛,痛苦之中,。,。,(,3,),Thefactoryis now unprovided with the techniques necessaryforthemanufacturing oftheproduct.,译文:工,厂,厂目前缺,乏,乏制造这,种,种产品所,需,需的技术,。,。,3.,汉语从正,面,面表达,,译,译文从反,面,面表达。,(,1,)你们寄,来,来价目单,上,上的项目,正,正是我们,所,所需要的,部,部件。,译文:,Theitems onyour pricelistarenone otherthanthespare partsofwhich wearecurrently in urgentneed. (,肯定形,式,式的副,词,词短语,“,“正是,”,”转换,为,为否定,形,形式的,none other than,,加强,语,语气,),(,2,)凭票,退,退还押,金,金。,译文:,Nodeposit is to be refunded unlesstheticket is produced.,(把表,示,示肯定,意,意义的,句,句子转,换,换成使,用,用双重,否,否定的,连,连结词,短,短语,nounless,结构,加强,语,语气),(,3,)今天,只,要,要我们走出,几,几步路,就,一,一定会注意,到,到广告。,译文:,Todaywe cannotwalka few steps withoutnoticingadvertising.,(此句采用,了,了反译法,,译,译为否定句,。,。),4.,汉语从反面,表,表达,译文,从,从正面表达,。,。,(,1,)所有物品,的,的价钱还不,到,到两镑。,译文:,All itemscostundertwopounds.,(否定形式,的,的动词短语,“,“不到”转,换,换成介词,under,),(,2,),这,这,次,次,损,损,失,失,的,的,主,主,要,要,原,原,因,因,在,在,于,于,包,包,装,装,不,不,良,良,。,。,译,文,文,:,:,Thedamageappearstohavebeenmainlycausedbythefaultypackingofthegood.,(,否,否,定,定,形,形,式,式,的,的,形,形,容,容,词,词,“,“,不,不,良,良,”,”,转,转,换,换,成,成,肯,肯,定,定,形,形,式,式,faulty,),(,3,),若,若,买,买,方,方,未,未,能,能,开,开,立,立,信,信,用,用,证,证,,,,,卖,卖,方,方,有,有,权,权,全,全,部,部,或,或,部,部,分,分,撤,撤,销,销,售,售,货,货,确,确,认,认,书,书,,,,,不,不,再,再,另,另,行,行,通,通,知,知,。,。,译,文,文,:,:,IfthebuyerfailstoopentheLetterofCreditintime,thesellershallhavetherighttorescind,withoutfurthernotice,thewholeoranypartofthisSalesConfirmation.,(,表,表,示,示,否,否,定,定,意,意,义,义,的,的,动,动,词,词,短,短,语,语,“,“,未,未,能,能,开,开,立,立,”,”,转,转,换,换,成,成,肯,肯,定,定,形,形,式,式,failstoopen,),5.,有,些,些,句,句,子,子,,,,,既,既,可,可,使,使,用,用,反,反,译,译,法,法,,,,,又,又,可,可,保,保,持,持,原,原,来,来,的,的,肯,肯,定,定,或,或,否,否,定,定,形,形,式,式,,,,,这,这,完,完,全,全,取,取,决,决,于,于,语,语,境,境,和,和,译,译,者,者,的,的,偏,偏,好,好,,,,,例,例,如,如,:,:,(,1,),请,请,不,不,要,要,说,说,话,话,。,。,译,文,文,一,一,:,:,Pleasekeepsilence.,译,文,文,二,二,:,:,Notalking,please,(,2,),Lawisnorespecterofpersons.,译,文,文,一,一,:,:,法,法,律,律,决,决,不,不,偏,偏,袒,袒,任,任,何,何,人,人,。,。,译,文,文,二,二,:,:,法,法,律,律,面,面,前,前,人,人,人,人,平,平,等,等,。,。,(,3,)我,们,们一,定,定等,你,你回,来,来。,译文,一,一:,We,llsurelywaituntilyouarebackhome.,译文,二,二:,Wewon,tleaveuntilyouarebackhome.,比较,每,每句,后,后的,两,两个,译,译文,,,,请,从,从中,选,选出,更,更好,的,的译,文,文并,简,简要,说,说明,理,理由,(,1,),Nolessthanfiftypeopleattendedthenegotiationbetweenthetwocompanies.,译文,一,一:,不,不少,于,于,50,人参,加,加了,两,两公,司,司之,间,间的,谈,谈判,。,。,译文,二,二:,多,多达,50,人参,加,加了,两,两公,司,司之,间,间的,谈,谈判,。,。,(,2,),Suddenlyheheardasoundbehindhim,andherealizedhewasnotaloneintheoffice.,译文,一,一:,他,他突,然,然听,到,到背,后,后有,声,声响,,,,便,立,立刻,意,意识,到,到办,公,公室,里,里还,有,有别,人,人。,译文,二,二:,他,他突,然,然听,到,到背,后,后有,声,声响,,,,便,立,立刻,意,意识,到,到他,不,不是,办,办公,室,室里,的,的惟,一,一的,一,一个,人,人。,(,3,),Nowhecertainlywouldntremembertocometothemeetinig.,译文,一,一:,这,这会,儿,儿他,肯,肯定,把,把开,会,会的,事,事忘,了,了。,译文,二,二:,这,这会,儿,儿他,准,准不,会,会记,住,住开,户,户的,事,事了,。,。,(,4,),Moreoftenthannot,youmayfindsomebusinessmantoobusyorperhapstoorushedtogreetyou.,译文,一,一:,经,经常,地,地,,你,你会,碰,碰到,一,一个,本,本身,太,太忙,或,或赶,着,着办,事,事而,没,没法,跟,跟你,打,打招,呼,呼的,商,商人,。,。,译文,二,二:,经,经常,地,地,,你,你会,碰,碰到,一,一个,本,本身,非,非常,忙,忙或,赶,赶着,办,办事,而,而跟,你,你打,招,招呼,的,的商,人,人。,(,5,),Hewishestolivealifefreefromcare.,译文,一,一:,他,他想,过,过一,种,种无,忧,忧无,虑,虑的,生,生活,译文,二,二:,他,他想,过,过一,种,种不,受,受任,何,何干,扰,扰的,生,生活,。,。,(,6,),非,非本,公,公司,员,员工,禁,禁止,入,入内,。,。,译文,一,一:,Youareforbiddentocomeintotheofficeifyouarenotthestaffofthecompany.,译文,二,二:,Staffonly!,(,7,)不,许,许践,踏,踏草,坪,坪,译文,一,一:,Donttreadonthegrass.,译文,二,二:,Keepoffthegrass.,(,8,)油,漆,漆未,干,干。,译文,一,一:,Wetpaint.,译文,二,二:,Thepaintisnotdry.,【,Ingredients,】:beeprop,o,lis,【Specification】: 500mg60 capsules2bottles,【The nutritionandcontents,】,】:theflavonoid of each100gs,800mg,【Suitablefor】:all kinds of people,【Eating methods,】,】:2 capsules aday,beforemeal,【Caution】: thisisnot areplacementfor medicine,【Storage】: keepincoolanddry place,Withinwarrantyperiod,theconsumershould showthe valid purchase invoiceofthe applianceandotherrelevantguarantee documentsdefined by themanufacturerwhenaskingfor freeofcharge repair.Consumershould keepthe warranty cardand thepurchaseinvoice properly andshow themtogetherwhenaskingfor freeofcharge repair.The warranty periodstartsfromtheinvoicedate.Ifthecustomerlosesthe invoice, it startsfrom themanufacturing date.,电熨斗,注意事,项,项,熨斗,接通电,源,源后,,切,切勿离,开,开。,注水时,不,不要让,水,水,溢出,,,最大容,量,量,约为,200,毫升。,注水时,一,一定要,切断电,源,源,。,如果熨,斗,斗损坏,或,或,电源线,裂,裂损,,停止,使,使用。,勿将熨,斗,斗,浸入,水或其,他,他液体,中,中。,待熨斗,冷却,后再,收起,。,不要让,熨,熨斗压,住,住电源,线,线。,不要让,儿,儿童和,动,动物靠,近,近。,胖胖瓜,子,子仁,本品选,用,用中国,特,特产天,然,然无壳,南,南瓜子,为,为原料,,,,富含,人,人体所,需,需之营,养,养成分,和,和微量,元,元素,,经,经独特,工,工艺处,理,理,外,形,形晶莹,饱,饱满,,风,风味脆,香,香可口,。,。为理,想,想之保,健,健旅游,佳,佳品,,堪,堪称“,天,天下一,绝,绝”。,配料:,天,天然无,壳,壳南瓜,子,子、食,盐,盐、天,然,然调味,品,品。,贮藏:,低,低温、,干,干燥,保质期,:,:七个,月,月,生产日,期,期:见,封,封口处,Safety,Precautions,Neverleaveyour,iron,unattended whenconnected to thesupply.,Donot,overfill,with w
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