教育精品：过去分词 (2)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,过去分词,the past participle,一,.,过去分词的形式,:,规则动词的,过去分词由动词原形加,ed,构成，,(,played,carried,),不规则动词的过去分词见,不规则动词表。,(,done,taken,),二,.,过去分词一般表示完成 的,被动 的动作,.,三,.,过去分词的作用,:,做定语,表语,状语,补足语,.,A.,过去分词作定语,:,作定语用的过去分词相当于形,容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰,的名词,.,及物动词的过去分词作,定语,既表被动又表完成,;,不及物动,词的过去分词作定语,只表完成,.,过去分词用作定语,如果是单个,的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前,.,Such as:a lighted candle,a stolen car,2.,过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中,.,Eg:The,concert,given by,their friends was a success.,The concert,which was,given by their friends was,a success.,3.,过去分词短语,有时也可用作,非限制性定语,前后常有逗号,Eg,:The people,attended the,meeting,were,famouse,scientists.,.,过去分词做表语,:,Eg:The,city is surrounded on,three sides by mountains.,【,注意,】,过去分词作表语与被,动语态的区别,:,过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作,.,The cup was broken by my,little sister yesterday.,茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的,.,(,是被动语态,表示动作,),(2)The library is now closed.,图书馆关门了,.(,过去分词表状态,),.,过去分词作状语,:,1.,表示被动的和完成的动作,.,Eg,:Written in a hurry,this,article was not so good!,2.,过去分词作状语,时其,逻辑,主语为主句的主语,Eg;Given,another,hour,I,can also work out this problem.,【,注意,】,如果过去分词 的动作,不是句子的主语发出时,前面再,加逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的,过去分词结构叫独立主格结构,.,Eg:The,signal given,the bus,started.,【,注意,】,过去分词作状语时,有时还可保留连词,构成,连词,+,过去分词,结构作状语,.,Eg,:When given a medical,examination,you,should keep,calm,.,3.,过去分词作状语的位置,:,可位于主句之前,也可主句之后,.,有逗号与主句隔开,.,Eg:a.He,stood there silentl,y,moved to tears.,b.Moved,to tears,he sto,od,there,silently.,四,.,过去分词作宾语补足语,:,过去分词所表示的动作一定和,宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,.,能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有,以下三类,:,1.,感官动词,see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen,to,feel,notice,think,find,等,.,I heard the song,sung,in,English.,2)He found his hometown,greatly,changed.,2.,使让类动词,:,have,make,get,keep,leave,等,.,Ill have my hair cut,tomorrow.,明天我要理发,.,(2)He got his tooth pulled out,yesterday.,他昨天把牙拔了,.,(3)Dont leave those things,undone.,要把那些事情做完,.,五、,with+,宾语,+,过去分词,结构,The murderer was brought in,with his hands,tied,behind his,back.,凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后,.(,表方式,),(2)With water,heated,we,can,see the steam.,水一被加热,我们,就会看到水蒸气,.(,表条件,),1)The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.(,全国,2002),begins B.having begun,C.beginning,D.begun,2.When first _ to the market,these products enjoyed great success.(,全国,2004),introducing B.introduced,C.introduce,D.being introduced,3.Dont,use words,expressions,or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge.(,上海,2002),being known,B.having been known,C.to be known,D.known,4.He,hurried to the station only _ that the train had left.,（,全国,2005,）,to find B.finding,C.found,D.to have found,5.The,managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.,（,全国,2000),carry out,B.carrying out,C.carried out,D.to carry out,6.,(1)Heoftenseethem_,footballontheplayground.Themissingboyswerelast,seen_near theriver.A.playing,B.playedC.play,D.toplay,C,A,7.,Though he had often,made his little sister _,today he was made _,by his little sister.(87,年,),A.cry;to cry,B.crying;crying,C.cry;cry,D.to cry;cry,4.All of us were _ by the,_ question _ by a little girl.,A.puzzled,puzzling,rose,B.puzzling,puzzled,raised,C.puzzled,puzzling,raised,D.Puzzled,puzzled,lifted,(78,年,)5.Ive heard him _ about you often.A.spoke,B.speaks,C.,speak,D.to speak,6.I could say nothing,and,_ tears come to my eyes.,A.Surprising,B.Surprised,C.Exciting,D.Excited,7._at falling in the,maths,exam,John wouldnt like to talk,about it to his parents.,A.Disappointed,B.To be disappointed,C.Disappointing,D.Having disappointed,8.-How did the audience,receive the new play?,-They got very _.,A.excite,B.excited,C.excitedly,D.exciting,9.The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.(,上海,2004),causing B.being caused,C.to be caused,D.to have caused,10.The teacher asked us _ so much noise.(,北京,2003),dont made,B.not make,C.not making,D.not to make,11.How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?,The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.,（,北京,2002),to solving,making B to,solving,made,C.to,solve,making,D.to,solve,made,12.Heraisedhisvoiceinorderto,makeus_him.Heraisedhisvoiceinorderto,makehimself_.A.heardB.hearingC.hearD.tobeheard,C,A,13.Which do you enjoy _ your spare time,playing cards at home or taking a walk in the,park?,A.spending,B.to spend,C.having spent,D.to have spent,14.(1)Thisisanimportantletter.,Dontforget_itthisafternoon.(2)Dontlookfortheletter.You,musthave forgotten_itthis,afternoon.,A.topost,B.postedC.posting,D.post,A,C,15.Im going to have my radio _.(79,年,),A.fixed,B.to fix,C.fix,D.fixing,16.(1)Imnotfreethisevening,becauseIhave alotofthings_.(2)Hewassolazythathehadallof hiswashing_.A.todoB.tobedoneC.doing D.done(3)Iwonthaveyou_at the,school gate.,A.towaitB.waitedC.waitingD.wait,A,D,17.The disc,digitally _ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.,（,上海,2004,）,recorded,B.recording,C.to be recorded,D.having recorded,18(,1)He,stoodtherewithhiseyes,_his mother,(2)Hestoodthere,_his,mother,A.staringat,B.staredonC.fixingupon,D.fixedupon,D,A,19.Id,like_youforadvice,o