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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Grammar,构词法温习,Word Formation,Book4,Unit5,1,1.合成,(Compounding),2.转化,(Conversion),3.派生,(Derivation),回顾：,英语构词法的类型,2,Quiz,分析下列英语词汇分别是由哪种英语构词法组成？,classroom,hard-working,schoolmate,have a,smoke,hammer,a nail into the wall,illegal,non-smoker,widen,合成,转化,派生,3,I 构词法类型温习回顾,1.合成,(Compounding),2.转化,(Conversion),3.派生,(Derivation),II 构词法在阅读理解中的应用,Steps of this class,4,Compounding 合成法,把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新,词,这种构词的方法叫做合成法,合,成,法,1.直接合成一个词。,2.词与词之间加连字符(-)。,3.两个分开的词组成。,方法,概念,方式,1.合成名词,2.合成形容词,3.合成动词,4.其他（合成副词、合成代词、合成介词）,Step I,5,Think of one or two examples of each type of compounding.,Brainstorm?,6,1.合成名词,(1),n+n,air conditioner,blood pressure,credit card,(2),adj+n,central bank,fast food,freeway,空调,血压,信用卡,中央银行,快餐,高速公路,7,(3)n.+,v-ing或v-ing+n.,washing machine,handwriting,Reading room,(4),v.+n.,washroom,Pickpocket,(5),v.+adv.,breakthrough,Get-together,洗衣机,书法,厕所,扒手,阅览室,突破,联欢会,8,2.合成形容词,(1)形容词+名词+-ed,absent-minded,心不在焉的,good-tempered,脾气好的,(2)形容词+现在分词,long-suffering,长期受苦的,good-looking,好看的,9,(3)名词+形容词,duty-free 免税的,airsick 晕飞机的,(4)名词+分词（现在分词/过去分词）,Peace-loving 热爱和平的,Man-made 人造的,（5）副词+分词（现在分词/过去分词）,Hard-working 勤劳的,Well-known 著名的,10,3.合成动词,（1）名词+动词,Sleepwalk 梦游,Baby-sit 看孩子,（2）形容词+动词,Blacklist 列入黑名单,(3)副词+动词,Undergo 经历,11,4.其他,（1）合成副词,Overhead 在头顶上,Anywhere 无论何处,（2）合成代词,Ourselves,(3)合成介词,Outside 在外面,Into 进入,12,1.This fully updated book features the latest information about study opportunities.,1.updated副词+分词形容词 最新的,请找出下列句中的合成词,并说明组成的类型并指出其意义。,抢答题,13,2.It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279)was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly.,2.short-tempered 副词+分词形容词 易怒的,14,3.If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge,it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.,3.self-image 名词+名词名词 自我形象,15,4.This tow-volume Guide features up-to-date and in-depth information about UK course options and institutions.,4.tow-volume 数次+名词形容词 两卷的,16,5.He is said to be“undersized,”with“short legs”and a“round stomach”.,5.undersized副词+分词形容词 个子小的,6.Not all of these fairies are the friendly,people-loving characters that appear in Disney films and in some folktales,they are cruel.,6.people-loving 名词+分词形容词 热爱人们的,17,7.There are more outbreaks in cities with large populations.,7.outbreaks 副词+名词名词 爆发,8.I enclose a self-addressed envelope.,8.self-addressed 名词+分词形容词 写明发信人自己的地址的,18,转化法,Conversion,转,化,法,概念,方式,一个单词由一种词性转化为,另一种或几种词性,这种构,词法叫转化。单词转化后的意,义往往与转化前的,意义有密切联系。,1.名词和动词之间的转化,2.形容词转化为动词,3.形容词转化为名词,19,名词和动词之间的转化,（a.）名词转化为动词,Have you,booked,your ticket?,water n.水-water v.浇水,(b.)动词转化为名词,Give a,shout,喊叫,Let me have a,try,.,20,2.形容词转化为动词,The train,slowed,down to half its speed.,火车速度减慢了一半。,The classroom gradually,quieted,down.,教室里渐渐静了下来。,3.形容词转化为名词,Theyre running in the,final,.,他们正在进行赛跑的决赛。,He didnt know the difference between,right,and,wrong,.,他不辨是非。,21,即时练习1：,根据黑体词在句中所作句子成分,判断其词性及其意义。,1.Dont allow doubts to occur in it.,doubts 名词 疑虑,2.If we keep silent,and profit from the clerks mistake,we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement.,2.profit 不及物动词 获利,赚钱,mistake 名词 错误,22,3.After all,if you are going to be ruled by time,why not invest in an antique clock and perhaps make a future profit?,3.ruled 及物动词 统治,profit 名词 利润,赢利,利益,4.Well,roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task.,4.change 名词 改变,23,5.This site gives you instant access to a wide range of information on studying and living in the UK.,5.access 名词 接触(使用,接近)的机会(方法,门路),捷径 range 名词 范围,6.They marked the hours on candles and used sand in hour-glasses.,6.mark 及物动词 做标记于,标明,记录,24,7.Finally,I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house.,7.offer 名词 提议,8.Thats why your mommy and I have named you Ari.,8.name 及物动词 命名,25,9.I love this feeling of protecting you and dreaming of all I have in store for you.,9.store 名词 贮藏,贮存,10.Some of the diseases spread is due to global warming.,10.spread 名词 蔓延,传播,26,即时练习2：,根据红色字体词在句中所作句子成分,判断其词性及其意义。,1.In,particular,there was(and perhaps still is)a belief in fairies(,仙女,),名词,in particular,尤其,特别是,2.Only thus can we,better,the life of the people.,2.,动词 改善,27,3.Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the,key,to changing your self-image and your whole world.,3.名词 关键,4.They finally,freed,themselves from slavery.,4.动词 使自由,28,5.Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in the,contrary,to our intention.,5.名词 相反,对立面,6.He adjusted the lathe and,readied,the cutting tool.,6.动词 准备好,9.She,busied,herself with household work.,9.动词 使忙碌,29,派生法 Derivation,派,生,法,前缀,后缀,否定前缀,其他前缀,名词后缀,形容词后缀,副词后缀,动词后缀,概念,由一个词根加上前缀,或后缀组成,另一个词。,30,1前缀(prefix)：词根加上前缀多数不改变词性,只引起词义的变化,（1）表示否定意义:在单词的前面加上相应的前缀组成与该词意义相反的新词。,31,dis-,in-,im-,like喜欢 dislike不喜欢,agree同意 disagree不同意,appear出现 disappear消失,complete完整的incomplete不完整的correct准确的 incorrect 不准确的,direct直接 indirect间接,possible可能的impossible不可能的,polite 有礼貌的impolite无礼的,proper适当的 improper不当的,32,il-,ir-,un-,non-,ab-,mis-,legal合法的illegal 不合法的,regular 规则的 irregular 不规则的,happy 开心的 unhappy不快乐的,fair 公平的 unfair不公平的,non-
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