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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,虚拟语调,The Subjunctive Mood,第1页,第1页,英语动词有三种语调,：,陈说语调,祈使语调,虚拟语调,第2页,第2页,一、,陈说语调,用来陈说一个事实，或提出一个见解。有必定，否认，疑问或感慨等形式。,1.There are two sides to every question,.,每个问题都有两个方面,.,2.They didnt watch fireworks yesterday,evening.,昨晚他们没有看焰火,.,3.What can I do for you?,我能为你做什么,?,4.How disappointed Tom was!,汤姆很失望,.,5.What lovely flowers those are!,那些花儿真美丽,.,第3页,第3页,二、祈使语调,用来表示说话人请求，命令或劝说等。动词要用原形，其否认式在动词前加,do not.,1.Let me have a try.,我来试一试,.,2.Dont be late again.,别再迟到了,.,3.Dont say it in Chinese.Say it in English.,别用汉语说,用英语,.,4.Lets go and play basketball.,我们去打篮球,.,第4页,第4页,1.I hope our life will be better.,希望我们生活会更加好。,2.I wish I were younger.,要是我年轻一点就好了。,3.If he was out that day,then he couldnt,answer the phone.,假如那天他在外面，他就无法接电话,.,4.If he had been out that day,he couldnt,have answered the phone.,假如那天他在外面话，他就无法接到,电话了,.,有也许,(,陈说语调,),不也许,(,虚拟语调,),推测,(,陈说语调,),与事实相反,(,虚拟语调,),第5页,第5页,三 虚拟语调,与事实相反,或不也许发生,或发生也许性非常小,表示说话人所说话不是事实，而是一个与事实相反假设，愿望，猜想或提议等等。,第6页,第6页,四、虚拟语调种类,1.,条件类虚拟,If I were a millionaire,I would still work hard.,假如我是百万富翁，我还是要努力工作。,2.wish,类虚拟,I wish I had not wasted the time.,要是我没有浪费时间就好了。,3.Should,类虚拟,I suggest you phone before you go there.,我提议你去那儿之前先打个电话。,第7页,第7页,五,(1),条件类虚拟,时间,从句谓语,主句谓语,现在,If I were,If I did,I would be,I would do,未来,If I were/did,If I should be/do,If I were to do,I would be,I would do,过去,If I had been,If I had done,I would have been,I would have done,第8页,第8页,If,we,had time,now,we,would read,it again.,If she,knew,about it,she,would,come,.,If he,were,here,everything,would,be,all right.,If it,were,Sunday tomorrow,I,would,go,to see my friends there.,If she,should,come,I,would,ask,her for help.,If you,were,to,fail to catch the train,you,might,take,the bus.,If he,had,seen,you yesterday,he,would,have,asked,you about it.,If I,had,had,the money last year,I,would,have,bought,a car.,If they,had,known,her address,they,would,have,written,to her.,第9页,第9页,1.If I _ you,I wouldnt return the call.,A.be B.am C.was D.were,2.If I _more time,I would have gone with you.,A.had B.had had C.Have had D.would have,3.If I had known that,I _ so.,A.wouldnt do B.wouldnt have done,C.wont do D.have not done,4.If it_ tomorrow,what would we do?,A.rains B.rained,C.would rain D.rain,5.If it should rain,I _go there tomorrow.,A.will B.would not,C.wont D.would not have,Practice,D,B,B,B,B,第10页,第10页,不用,if,条件从句，而用介词或副词,without(,没有,),but for(,要不是,),otherwise(,不然,),这些词能够表示某种假设情况,从而省略条件句,.,1.I was busy last week.,Otherwise,I,would,have,come,to see you.,=If,I had not been,busy,I,would have come,2.,Without,/,but,for,you,I,would,not,be,what I am today.,=,If it hadnt been for,you,I would not be.,五,(2),条件类虚拟简略式,第11页,第11页,Without,electricity,human life_ quite different today.,A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be,2.,But for,the Party,he _of hunger 30 years ago.,A.would have died B.would die,C.must die D.must have died,3.I was busy yesterday,otherwise I _ your,birthday party.,A.attended B.have attended,C.Would attend D.would have attended,If there were no,electricity,If it hadnt been for,the Party,D,A,Practice,If I hadnt been busy,I,D,第12页,第12页,这类虚拟表示不也许实现愿望，或和事实相反情况,六、,wish,类虚拟,I wish I,were/did/had done,If only I,were,/,did,/,had,done,I would rather I,were,/,did,/,had,done,He looked,as,if,he,were,/,did,/,had,done,It is time,we,did,I,wished,I,were,younger.,I,wish,I,hadnt,told,him about it.,I,wish,that I,could,afford,a new car.,If,only,he,had,talked,to her sooner!,I,would,rather,you,didnt,go,out alone.,It looks,as,if,it,were,broken,It is time,we,started,to work.,第13页,第13页,1.I wish I _ able to tell him all about it last night.,A.was B.were C.had been D.should be,2.How I wish I _to repair the watch!I only made it worse.,A.had tried B.hadnt tried,C.have tried D.didnt try,3.If only I _ able to lighten the burden of my family,but I am still a student.,A.were B.have been C.am D.would be,4.,The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.,A.were B.would be C.have been D.had been,5.I wish _,me alone,.,A.he has left B.he leaves,C.He will leave D.he would leave,6.Id rather you _ tomorrow.,A.came B.come C.will come D.had come,C,B,A,D,D,A,第14页,第14页,表示提议,.,要求,.,命令类名词性从句通惯用“,should+,动词原形”。,should,能够省略,一坚持,:insist,二命令,:order,command,三提议,:advice,suggest,recommend,四要求,:demand,require,request,desire,形容词：,necessary,important,essential,strange,七、,should,类虚拟,第15页,第15页,Examples,He,suggested,that we,should,visit,the palace right away.,She,recommended,that the meeting,be,put,off.,He,ordered,that they,should,start,off immediately.,I,demanded,that he,should,answer,me at once.,It is,necessary,that the problem,should,be,discussed at once.,It was,surprising,that he,should,say so.,第16页,第16页,It is really strange that the girl _ so early.,A.has been married B.has married,C.be married D.would marry,C,第17页,第17页,八、虚拟句倒装形式,条件从句中有,were,had,should,时,可不要,if,而用倒装,(,注意,:had,必须是完毕式助动词,),1.,If,I,should,meet,he
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