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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar,主谓一致,Grammar主谓一致,主谓一致,语法一致,意义,一致,就近一致,主语为,单数,,谓语用,单数,;主语为,复数,,谓语用,复数,。,主语形式为,单数,,意义是,复数,,谓语用,复数,;主语形式为,复数,,意义是,单数,,谓语用,单数,。,谓语的单复数形式取决于,最靠近它的主语,。,主谓一致语法一致意义就近一致主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语,This table,is,made of wood.,Both parties,have,their own advantages.,How delicious the soup,is,!,语法一致,This table is made of wood.,意义一致,Our family,is,a happy one.,The family,are,early risers.,Every possible means,has,been tried,but in vain.,All possible means,have,been tried,but in vain.,意义一致Our family is a happy o,Either my grandsons or,their,father is,coming.,No one,except his daughters,agrees,with him.,Mary,and,her sisters,are,baking a cake.,Neither Richard nor,I am,going.,就近一致,Either my grandsons or their,一、以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题,表示,整体概念,,强调一致性,谓语动词,用单数形式,;表示,个体概念,,强调每一个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集合名词有,family,,,group,,,class,,,grade,,,team,,,army,,,nation,,,crowd,,,population,,,company,,,government,,,committee(,委员会,),等。,His family is a big one,and the whole family love sports.,一、以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题 表示整体概念,强,通常作复数的集体名词,包括,police,people,cattle,等,这些集体名词通常用作复数。,The British,police have,only very limited powers.,The cattle,are,grazing in the fields.,牛在田里吃草。,graze vt.(,让动物,),吃草,一、以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题,通常作复数的集体名词 包括police,peopl,.,通常作不可数名词的集体名词,无生命的集合名词作主语时,谓语动词常,用单数形式,。,machinery,(,机械,),,,clothing,(,衣服,),,,luggage,(,行李,),,,furniture,(,家具,),,,equipment,(,设备,),,,jewelry,(,珠宝,),等作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。,Warm clothing,is,necessary in cold climates.,气候寒冷的地区需要暖和的衣物。,All the furniture,has,been moved to another room.,所有家具已经被搬到另外一个房间里。,My luggage,was,sent by air.,一、以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题,.通常作不可数名词的集体名词 一、以集合名词做主语,英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加,-s,或,-es,,但是有一些以,-s,结尾的名词并不是可数名词。它们用法多样,造成了实际使用上的困难,以下详述了以,-s,结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题。,二、以,-s,结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题,英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es,但,以,-s,结尾的疾病名称作主语,,如:,arthritis,bronchitis,diabetes,等,,谓语动词通常用作单数。,二、以,-s,结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题,以,-s,结尾的游戏名称作主语时,谓语动词通常用作,单数。,e.g.,Darts is,basically a easy game.,以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语,如:arthritis,以,-s,结尾的地理名称如果是国名,如,the United States,,,the Netherlands,等,因其是单一政治实体,所以谓语动词用作,单数。,The United States,was,hit by the Great Depression in the 1930s.,注意:,the United Nations,联合国(作主语时,看成复数),二、以,-s,结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题,以-s结尾的地理名称如果是国名,如the Unit,以,-ics,结尾的学科名称作主语,如,physics,mathematics,politics,等,谓语动词通常用作,单数。,Physics is,a fundamental subject in science.,二、以,-s,结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题,英语中还有一些以,-s,结尾的名词,如,arms,clothes,contents,fireworks,goods,minutes,remains,stairs,suburbs,thanks,wages,这类名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用,复数。,以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语,如physics,以,-s,结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语,英语中有一些通常以,-s,结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词,,,如,glasses,scissors,shorts,trousers,等,这类名词做主语,如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词,谓语动词通常用,复数。,Marys,glasses are,new.,二、以,-s,结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题,如果带有单位词,则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式。,One pair of shorts isnt,enough.,Two pairs of scissors are,missing from my tool box.,以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语 二、以-s结,单复数同形的名词与谓语动词的一致,单复数同形的名词作主语,要根据上下文的意义以及修饰这些词的词来确定其谓语形式,常见的这部分名词有,crossroads,deer,fish,headquarters,means,series,sheep,species,works,等。,二、以,-s,结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题,The crossroads,is/are,dangerous.,Every means,has,been tried.,各种方法都试过了。,All possible means,have,been tried.,所有可能的方法都试过了,单复数同形的名词与谓语动词的一致二、以-s结尾的名词作主语,注意:,work,意为“,著作,”时,,one work,一部作品;,two work,s,两部作品。,works,意为“工厂”,单复数同形。,注意:work 意为“著作”时,,三、主语是,并列结构,,主谓一致问题,平行结构,Either,A,or,B,Neither,A,nor,B,Not only,A,but also,B,Not,A,but,B,A,or,B,+,动词,当主语是由下列连词连接的词组时,谓语动词实施“就近原则”,即主语的单复数问题根据,B,判断。,三、主语是并列结构,主谓一致问题平行结构Either,三、主语是,并列结构,,主谓一致问题,Neither the teacher nor the students,(,want,),to have classes on Sunday,.,Not only the students but also the teacher,_,_,(wish)for holidays,.,want,wishes,注意:,there be,结构依然是就近原则。,There,is,a pen and two books on the table.There,are,two books and a pen on the table.,三、主语是并列结构,主谓一致问题Neither the,三、主语是,并列结构,,主谓一致问题,+,动词,当主语后跟有,(with,等),引起的短语时,谓语动词与主语,(A),保持一致。即“就远原则”。,with,besides,but/except,together with,along with,as well as,A,+,B,+,三、主语是并列结构,主谓一致问题+动词当主语后跟有,三、主语是,并列结构,,主谓一致问题,由,and,连接的两个词指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时,谓语动词用,单数形式,。,The bread and butter,is served for breakfast.,早餐供应黄油面包。,The professor and poet,is going to give us a talk.,那个教授兼诗人要给我们作个报告。,The iron and steel industry,is very important to our life.,注意:由,and,连接两个事物或人时,一般情况视为复数。,A young man and a girl,want,to go there.,三、主语是并列结构,主谓一致问题由and连接的两个词,三、主语是,并列结构,,主谓一致问题,凡是由,each.and each.,,,every.and every.,,,no.and no.,,,many a.and many a,.,连接名词作主语时,谓语动词用,单数形式,。,Each man and each woman,has,a chance to be raised in our company.,在我们公司每个人都有机会得到提拔。,Every boy and every girl,has,the right to receive education,.,男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。,=Every boy and girl,has,the right to receive education.,Many a boy and many a girl,has,seen it.,许许多多的男孩和女孩都已看到它了。,No book and no pen,i
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