时间的脚印(整理)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,新课导入,沉积岩,1,恐龙化石,2,三叶虫化石,3,时间的脚印,陶世龙,4,1,、,明确文章说明对象，理清文章思路。,2,、掌握本文说明顺序中的逻辑顺序。,3,、,品味文中准确、科学而富有表现力的语言。,4,、,认识岩石记录时间的功能，培养探索自然的意识和科学精神。,学习目标,5,陶世龙,（,1929,），四川安岳县人，我国著名科普作家。,代表作品有,打开地下宝库的钥匙,揭开大地的秘密,地球的画像,火山和地震,多变的地球,等科普读物。,作者简介,6,本文选自,时间的脚印,（江苏教育出版社,1999,年版）。科普作家陶世龙毕业于北京大学地质系，参加工作后长期与地质学科打交道，在国家推动科学普及和科学大众化的倡导下，作者致力于科普写作，尤其是针对青少年的科普作品较多。这篇科普文章以记录时间的方式为切入点，向我们介绍了有关岩石的丰富而有趣的科学知识。,背景链接,7,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,踪,迹（）,腐,蚀,（）,浑,浊,（）,山,麓,（）,粗,糙,（）,龟,裂（）,帷,幕（）,刨,刮（）沟,壑,（）,楔,形（）钟,鼎,文（）海,枯,石烂（）,zn,jn,co,sh,wi,bo,h,l,zhu,xi,dn,k,字词学习,8,词语解释,腐蚀：,通过化学作用，使物体逐渐消损破坏；人在坏的思想、行为、环境等因素影响下逐渐变质堕落。,(,本文用义项,),浑浊：,(,水、空气等,),含有杂质，不清洁、不新鲜。,海枯石烂：海水干涸，石头粉碎。形容经历久远的时间。多指意志坚定，永不改变。,龟裂：,裂开许多缝子。,9,胶结：,半流体干燥后变硬黏结在一起。,钟鼎文：,古代铜器上铸的或刻的文字，通常专指殷周秦汉铜器的文字。,甲骨文：,古代刻在龟甲和兽骨上的文字，内容多是殷人占卜的记录，现在的汉字就是从甲骨文演变下来的。,楔形文字：,公元前三千多年美索不达米亚南部苏马连人创造的文字，笔划像楔子，古代巴比伦人、亚述人、波斯人等都曾使用这种文字。,10,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,贴小标题：,这些小标题可以归纳一些段落的内容，请将它们写到相应段落的开头。,整体感知,(1,4),“时间漫谈”,“石头的毁灭与新生”,“石头上的故事”,“读懂记录，造福人类”,(5,21),(22,29),(30,31),11,第一部分：,（,14,）引出话题：岩石是大自然记录时间的重要方式之一,第二部分：,（,529,）详细讲解岩石是怎样记录时间的。,第一层：（,521,）岩石的厚度和顺序可以记录时间,第二城：（,2229,）岩石保存了历史的痕迹,第三部分：,（,3031,）读懂大自然，造福人类。,逻辑顺序,层次结构,12,1.,文章主要介绍岩石记录时间的奇特功能，为什么,开头,要,引用高士其的小诗,？,A,、,把时间拟人化，与主题照应。,B,、,通过,引用,，由,生活时间,引入,地质时间,，更切合读者实际生活，,吸引读者,。,研读课文，分析内容,13,2,、自由读,1-5,自然段，,说一说,：,（,1,）现在的人们是怎样记录时间的？,钟表和日历,（,2,）中国古代用什么来记录时间？,铜壶滴漏,（,3,）本文中提到的岩石有什么作用？,它是大自然用来记录时间的。,14,铜壶滴漏,水从一个铜壶缓缓地滴进另一个铜壶，时间过去了，这个壶里的水空了，那个壶里的水却又多了起来。时间是看不见的，但是我们用水滴记下了逝去的时间。,小知识,15,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3,、自由读,6-21,自然段，分组讨论：,（,1,）,.,岩石的,运动规律,是什么？,（提示：阅读第六自然段）,被破坏,被搬运、被堆积,重新生成岩石,16,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,（,2,）,.,你能根据书上的有关内容概述石烂到新生的过程吗？（提示：读,8-18,段）,岩石,小石子,沙砾、泥土,新岩石,沉淀,重压,胶结,17,（,3,）,.,人们是怎样根据岩石来判断时间的？（重点读第,19,自然段）,可从,岩层厚度,、,排列顺序,、,地壳运动,等方面思考。,岩层厚度：,1,米厚（,300010000,年）；,排列顺序：最早形成的躺在最下面；,地壳运动：平卧的岩层变得歪斜甚至直立。,18,4,、自由读,22-29,自然段，分组讨论：,岩石保存了哪些历史痕迹？,A,、岩石记录了地壳的活动。,B,、岩石记录了气候的变化。,C,、岩石记录了古代生物状况。,D,、岩石记录了地球历史的发展过程。,E,、岩石记录了自然界转瞬即逝的活动。,19,思考：人类了解岩石的变化有什么好处？,5,、读第,3031,自然段。,增加知识 找寻宝藏,20,1.,文中运用了多种说明方法，请简要赏析。,品味语言,21,（,1,）,如果大量的水结成了冰，形成冰河，它缓慢地移动着，破坏作用就更大了，就好像一柄铁扫帚从地上扫过，刨刮着所遇到的一些石头。,运用打比方的说明方法，生动形象地说明了冰河对岩石具有极大的破坏作用。,22,（,2,）,当然我们也不能忘掉人的作用。例如，在建筑兰新铁路的时候，一个山头在几分钟内就被炸掉了，这相对地质作用的速度可要快多了。,举例子、作比较。以建筑兰新铁路时，人们炸掉山头为例，具体地说明了人对岩石的破坏作用。将人对岩石的破坏速度与地质作用的速度进行比较，突出了人对岩石的破坏作用不容忽视。,23,（,3,）,根据计算，大约,3 000,到,10 000,年的时间，可以形成一米厚的岩石。,列数字。用概数准确地说明了形成一米厚的岩石需要的时间，使读者对岩石的形成速度有个大致的概念,。,24,2.,本文的说明文语言准确严谨，而又生动形象，试简要分析。,品味语言,25,（,1,）,不要认为岩石是坚固不坏的，它无时无刻不经受着从各方面来的“攻击”。,“攻击”一词运用,了,拟人手法,。,“攻击”是进攻的意思，它使阳光、霜雪、风、雨等有了行为意识，生动形象地说明了岩石时刻受到破坏，语言极富表现力。,26,（,2,）,根据计算，大约,3 000,到,10 000,年的时间，可以形成一米厚