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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,In our everyday lives,if we make some mistakes,we should correct them,and then we are still a good fellow.,Chairman Maos words,解题规律方法,纵观近年高考英语短文改错题，学生和老师都,认为难度不大，然而，每年高考中还是有不少考生对此题深感头痛，主要原因是：,一,.,考生的英语,基础知识 不扎实,.,二,.,考生缺乏对短文改错,命题 特点,的了解和,做题 规律,方法的总结,.,一、命题特点和高考概况：,1,、“短文改错”主要考查学生对英语语言运 用的准确性。短文往往选用一篇,130,个词左右,2,、近两年的高考试题中“短文改错”主要是学生在日常学习中的常见错误，,词汇、语法、语篇理解行文逻辑,以及惯用法,的错误。,3,、命题的总原则是要求学生能够整篇理解，分行识错，从错误的类型看可分为对、错、加、减四个方面，即，,正确打，错误改正，缺词添加，多词删除,。并要求以规范的符号进行表示。,1,对,:3,缺,/,加,:6,改,1,对：,1,缺：,1,加：,7,改,那么，做短文改错题,有哪些规律和方法呢？,平时学习应注意做到以下几点：,1.,广泛阅读，,增强语感,，,注重语篇的整体把握,提高语言知识运用的准确性,.,2.,规范使用常用的词语和习语,.,3.,.,注重基础知识和基本技能。,(,基础语法,),错误的设置一般都是中学生写作时常出现的错误。,改错训练和书面表达训练,结合（,NC2,改错和仿写）,.,多接触正确的内容，练习改错时间应适量,.,临场应试技巧,:,“,三歩”，“六原则和“四不改”,三歩：,1.,No context,no text.,通读全文，掌握大意,。,2.,整句理解,逐行分析。,以句为单位，细读每个,完整句子,，前后联系,.,3.,复读全文，,验证答案,.,六原则：,1.,一行一错,在有错行,改动一词,。,2.,改变实词（,n./,v./adj,./adv.,）形式,，不能将一个实词换成另一个实词,.,3.,最小限度地改变单词形式,.,4.,添加或删除虚词,(,如冠词，介词,小品词,to,等,).,5.,多改正，少添加或删除,.,6.,最大限度地保持句子和短文原意,.,短文改错应注意的问题,四不改,:,标点符号不改。,大小写不改。,词序错误不改。,单词拼写不改,。,文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错。,Dont forget!,命题角度,考点,解题思路,名词,冠词,判断名词前的冠词是否误用,名词,名词的数,句中名词该用单数还是复数动词,动词,时态、语态以及主谓一致,根据上下文判断动词时态、语态是否有误、主谓搭配是否正确,非谓语动词,分词、动名词、不定式,根据上下文判断非谓语动词是否误用,代词,人称代词的格、指示代词及关系代词与从句关系,1.,人称代词的格是否误用,2.,代词前后指代是否一致,3.,定语从句中关系词是否误用,形容词、副词,词法,判断句中形容词和副词是否误用,介词,惯用法,惯用法中介词是否误用,连词,句法,判断句中并列连词、从属连词是否误用,四、错词类型归纳,提高改错的准确率,短文改错打油诗,短文改错要做好，常见类型应记牢。,名词爱考,“,数,”,与,“,格,”,，冠词在前,“,错,/,多,/,少,”,。,动词时态和语态，非谓语搭配莫错了。,连代形副错一样，多是故意来混淆。,介词多半考搭配，多漏误用想周到。,句法涉及到,“,一致,”,，从句多考关系词。,词法句法均未错，逻辑推理去寻找。,“,1126,”,惯常比，回读复查敲定稿。,改错方式比例：通常一个正确，一个多词，两个缺词，六个错词,动词形，名词数,还要注意形和副,非谓语，细辨别,介词、短语,要,牢记,A Limerick,代词格，细领悟,句子成分多分析,冠词连词常光顾,逻辑错误须关注,一、动词,形,1.,时态,错误。,(,过去时,/,现在时,)08,I win a national prize for painting last week,It is 5 years now since I graduate from08,辽宁,The time passes quickly.02,they discover a hole in the balloon.06-2,but I tried to act as if nothing has happened,(07,福建,),When they came here,I will show them,08,四川,2.,语态,错误。,(Vi /linking-verb.),the animal were disappeared from the house.,I invited to talk about Tianjin.After that they asked me(08,天津,),3.,主谓不一致,(,people,cattle,police;,neithernor,not only but,eitheror,，,there be;except,with,as well as,including;),of winning the prize.What were better,I had useful,(10),the kangaroo were free,it jumped up and ran away,(07,四川,),So do our friend,Cathy.August is the best time,(08,福建,)(08,安徽,),One day,while my friend and I was traveling,there are no need to spend money.04-2,4.,缺少谓语动词（尤其缺,be,动词）,She afraid of staying at home alone.,4.,非谓语,错用 （,谓语和非谓语,的错用；,V-,ing,和,V-ed,混用；,to,的,多,用，,少,用或,误,用）,The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was,(06,全国,2),My father was so pleasing that,(08),I knocked at the door and was delighting,05,江西,Yes,a concert can be very excited,(04-2),I have some records giving to me as,(04-2),The crowd was very surprised see this,(06-2),so we,ll have plenty of spare time visit the area,(06,福建,),I will do my best to help making,(05-2),I would finish 300 envelops and to earn the money.(08,浙江,),5.,固定搭配,(1,）,Vi/,Vt,混用 结合,Prep./adv.,考,They survived from the earthquake.,serve for sb./return back/repeat again,Lucy agreed to marry to Tom,.,Evening came down.We spent the night in,02,(2),固定用法,often dreamed of talk face to face,(08),He agreed to reading my story,(10),I,m writing to ask you come to,(06,浙江,),are worth think of,such as,(08,重庆,),Though I had difficulty walk back to,(07,福建,),Wed better not to finish the chance.(08,重庆,),方法：一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词,二 名词数,(1),U.N./C.N,.,混用,advices on how to write like a real writer.,(10),furniture,fun,knowledge,news,progress,information,weather,homework,etc.,(2),C.N.,单独使用,加冠词,/,名词,改复数,There was Uncle Chen,gentleman living(10),One day,the school had party,where(08,天津,),for half a month,visiting place of interest(08),On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.(02),(3),所有格,（形近词混用）,We took our holiday at my uncle,解决方法,:,看,修饰,语,(07,福建,),Many of my classmate threw me up into the air,Both my parent miss you a lot(08,福建,),看主谓,一致,(05),There are advantage for students to work while,C.N.,不单独使用,As everyone knows,its famous mountain(02),根据,实际情况,判断单复数,I looked at his other hands(07),固定搭配,But one and a half year(05-2),It will be a big surprising for them,(08,四川,),shake hands,;,make friends;,in ruins;good manners;,difficult-difficulty;,三 形容词和副词常见错误,(1),形容词和副词的混用,Which all said it was a terribly one!.(08,陕西,),My pronunciation was terribly.(05-2),I felt sadly I learnt a lesson,(08,天津,),visit us as soon as possibly.(06,浙江,),I will learn more about it as good as,(08-2),I can,t use it very good.(08,天津,),I would easy finish 300 envelops.(08,浙江,),She called 119 immediate.(04,福建,),(2),不同级,(,原级,/,比较级,/,最高级,),及其修饰词的混用,.,These are the happier girls Ive ever seen.,(07-2),The 2 men threw all their equipment into the water to make the balloon light.(06-2),You are a lot of taller than me.,(3),近义词或形近词,的误用,.(hard/hardly;right/rightly;close/closely,free/freely,high/highly,most/mostly,；,near/ne
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