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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,A,*,英语前重心 汉语后重心,1,A,英语前重心 汉语后重心1A,所谓“前后重心”是指:重要信息置前还是置后。,英语具有直接性,往往是“开门见山”,先表明结,论,再进行论证、描述事实,也可简单概括为“先,果后因”,他们倾向于直接表达他们的意见、感情,和态度,不拐弯抹角来谈事情,。因此他们往往是把,句子的重要信息置于次要信息之前,即重心前;,2,A,所谓“前后重心”是指:重要信息置前还是置后。2A,汉语则恰恰相反,汉语则习惯于“循序渐,进”,往往按照事情的发展顺序,由事实到结,论或由因到果进行论述,可以简单归纳为“先,因后果”,即重心在后。,这种前后重心在英汉,语比较中主要体现在五个方面。,3,A,汉语则恰恰相反,汉语则习惯于“循序渐3A,1)在复合句子中。,英语的主句为重要信息,从句为次要信息。主句往往置于从句之前,即重心在前。而汉语一般按照逻辑和时间顺序,将重要信息放在后面,即重心在后。,4,A,4A,例如:如果人类贪欲无止,世界和平则无望。,If there consistently exists insatiable greed in human, the world peace is out of the question.,译:The world peace is out of the question only if there consistently exists insatiable greed in human.,5,A,例如:如果人类贪欲无止,世界和平则无望。5A,2)一个句子中既有叙事部分,又有表态部分时。,如有叙事部分,又有表态部分,则显然表态部分相对于叙事部分来说是重要信息。英语通常先表明态度或观点,然后再陈述所发生的事情。然而,在我们汉语里,通常把事物或情况讲清楚,最后来个简短的表达或评论。,6,A,6A,例如:精通一门外语是大有裨益的。,Mastering a foreign language is of great help.,译:It is of great help to master a foreign language.,又例如:有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎。,Meeting friends from afar is a great pleasure,译:It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.,7,A,例如:精通一门外语是大有裨益的。7A,3).,英文先结果,后原因; 汉语先原因,后结果,。,翻译:因为我爱他而不是恨他,所以我才会批评他。,Because I love him, not hating him, I criticized him.,译:I criticized him, not because I hate him but because I love him.,8,A,8A,翻译:也许校园生活并非总像想象中的那样,所以很多学生才会感到失落。,Campus life may be not as same as what the students thought, so many of them feel disappointed.,译:Many students feel lost because campus life is not always what they imagined.,9,A,9A,4).,英文先结论,后叙事 ; 汉语先叙事,后结论,。,经过多年的努力,我们终于解决了这个难题。,Through many years effort, we finally solved the problem.,译:We have solved the problem after many years hard work.,10,A,4). 英文先结论,后叙事 ; 汉语先叙事,后结论。10A,5).,英语先表态,后叙事,。,翻译:是什么导致了人的犯罪,我们还不能确定。,译: We are still not sure what causes people to commit a crime,翻译: 死记硬背有很多的局限性,这一点我们必须承认。,译: We should admit that rote learning has a number of limitations.,11,A,5). 英语先表态,后叙事。 11A,Practice 1 :,翻译:I was all the more delighted when, as a result of the initiative of your Government it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly.,译文:由于贵国政府的提议,才得以这样快地重新实现访问。这使我感到特别高兴。,12,A,Practice 1 :12A,practice 2 :,翻译:The assertion that it was difficult, if not impossible, for a people to enjoy its basic rights unless it was able to determine freely its political status and to ensure freely its economic, social and cultural development was now scarcely contested.,译文:如果一个民族不能自由地决定其政治地位,不能自由地保证其经济、社会和文化的发展,要享受其基本权利,即使不是不可能,也是不容易的。这一论断几乎是无可置辩的了。,13,A,practice 2 :13A,总结:在英文句子中,将重要信息置,于次要信息之前,尽量避免具有信息传递,间接性特点的汉语的干扰。,14,A,14A,Thank you for listening.,15,A,15A,
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