英语句子中的成分--课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,PPT课件,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,PPT课件,*,句子成分,1,PPT课件,句子成分1PPT课件,*,句子由各个组成部分构成,这些组成部分叫句子的成分。,总的来说，一个完整的句子包括以下两部分：,句子,主语部分,:,发出动作的人或物,谓语部分,:,动作,/,谓语动词,例,:,我开门,.,I open the door.,主语部分,谓语部分,例,:,这本书非常有趣。,This book is very interesting.,主语部分,谓语部分,2,PPT课件,*句子由各个组成部分构成,这些组成部分叫句子的成分。句子主语,句子,1.,主语,2.,谓语,3.,宾语,4.,表语,5.,定语,6.,状语,7.,补语,8.,同位语,*,但是具体来分，一个句子可分为以下各种成分：,3,PPT课件,句子 1.主语2.谓语 3.宾语4.表语5.定语6.状语7,1.,主语：,主语是一个句子的主题，是句子所陈述的主体，一般,放于句首，可以是人，也可以是物，指动作的执行者。,例,:,那个学生问了老师一些问题,.,The student asked the teacher some,questions.,例,:,今天的天气非常好,.,The weather is very nice today.,4,PPT课件,1.主语：主语是一个句子的主题，是句子所陈述的主体，一般例:,2.,谓语（,predicate),：,谓语一般是指主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词短语充当，位置一般放于主语后面。,例,:,他工作非常努力,.,He works very hard.,例,:,今天的天气非常好,.,The weather is very nice today.,例,:,他在字典里查出了这个单词,.,He looked up the word in the dictionary.,5,PPT课件,2.谓语（predicate)：谓语一般是指主语的动作或状态,3.,宾语（,object),：,宾语在句子中主要充当动作的承受者，,一般放于及物动词之后。,例,:,老师把灯关了,.,The teacher turned off the lights.,介宾,例,:,他们将不会伤害我们,.,They wont hurt us.,动宾,例,:,他在上个星期放弃吸烟了,.,He gave up smoking last week.,介宾,动宾,介宾,6,PPT课件,3.宾语（object)：宾语在句子中主要充当动作的承受者,4.,表语：,表语主要用于表述主语的特征，状态，身份等。它位于连系动词后，构成系表结构。,连系动词,例,:,我是一个老师,.,I,am,a teacher.,例,:,这种水果尝起来味道很好,.,This kind of fruit,tastes,very delicious.,1.be,动词,(am,is,are,was,were),3.,感官动词,(look,smell,hear,feel,),+,表语,2.,表状态变化的动词,(get/become/turn/keep/remain/stay),例,:,那个女孩变得非常担心,.,The girl,got,worried.,7,PPT课件,4.表语：表语主要用于表述主语的特征，状态，身份等。它位于,5.,定语,:(attribute),定语是用来说明名词（代词）的品质与特征的词，形容词通常作定语。,这是一节生动有趣的课,This is a,lively and interesting,class.,有一些难题要处理,There is something,difficult,to deal with.,前置定语,后置定语,8,PPT课件,5.定语:(attribute)定语是用来说明名词（代词）,.,状语,:(adverbial),状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分；按用途分，可分为,时间，地点，原因，结果，目的，条件，让步，程度，方式，伴随状况,等。,表时间：,yesterday,today,tomorrow,Shall we go shopping,today or tomorrow,?,我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？,表地点：,in China,at the airport,I saw a student,in the classroom,.,我在教室里看见一个学生,9,PPT课件,.状语:(adverbial)状语是修饰动词，形容词，副,表原因,:because,as,for,since,他因为生病所以今天没有去上学,Because he was ill,he didnt go to school today.,表结果：,to+do,v+ing,从句,那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了,The boy fell off the tree,striking his head,against the ground,.,表目的,:in order to,in order that,for the purpose,为了考入一个更好的学校，我必须更加努力,In order to get into a better school,I must,study even harder.,10,PPT课件,表原因:because,as,for,since,表条件,:,as/so,long as,if,unless,只要努力学习，你就会取得好成绩,As long as you study hard,you can get a,high mark.,表让步,:in spite of,despite,although,though,他虽然不认识我，但却帮了我,He helped me,although he didnt know me.,表程度,:very,enough,to some extent,那里的风景非常漂亮,The scenery there is,very,beautiful.,11,PPT课件,表条件:as/so long as,if,unles,表方式,:like that,as,as if,不要那样看我,Dont look at me,like that!,表伴随状况：,老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书,The teacher came into the classroom,catching a book in his hand.,with,12,PPT课件,表方式:like that,as,as if不要那,.,补语,:(complement),补语,主语补足语：,宾语补足语：,补充说明主语的动作或状态,补充说明宾语的动作或状态,我又累又困，就去睡了。,Tired and sleepy,I went to bed.,2,我发现那本书很有趣。,I found that book,interesting.,主语补足语,宾语补足语,13,PPT课件,.补语:(complement)补语主语补足语：宾语补足,8.,同位语,:(appositive),当两个同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语。,我们有两个孩子，一男一女,We have two children,a boy and a girl,.,那人是我的老师，他从来都不骑自行车,The man,my teacher,never rides a bike.,14,PPT课件,8.同位语:(appositive)当两个同一事物的句子成,Pop,a German volunteer,who,works in the Olympics language,service,said,“I am looking forward to the Beijing,Olympics,as it will be my first,volunteer experience in the,Olympics.”,主语,谓语,宾语,同位语,定语,从句,主语,谓语,宾语,状语,原因,从句,主语,谓语,地点状语,15,PPT课件,Pop,a German volunteer,Thats all,16,PPT课件,Thats all16PPT课件,