四级选词填空解题技巧

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,选词填空解题技巧,题型介绍,基本要求,解题步骤,一、题型介绍,测试形式,选词填空题占整个考试的分值比例为,5,（,35,分,/710,分）,长度在,220,词左右，,十五选十,选项特点：,15,个单词,2,个副词，,2,4,个名词，,2,4,个动词和,2,4,个形容词,测试目的,上下文的理解,词汇的应用能力,考点,1.,词汇：实词,(,抽象名词、动词、形容词、副词,),2.,语法：句子结构分析能力,3.,逻辑：上下文联系,二、基本要求,1.,考查实义词,:,n.v.adj.adv.,要求考生熟知四级的,积极词汇,，熟知单词的,词类和不同意思。,2.,对上下文的理解，尤其是上文的理解，要求较高。,3.,要求考生熟知一些基本的语法知识，例如：词性的归纳、基于语法的判断（单复数、,ing,形式等）、常用搭配的掌握,都有助于解题。,Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise,whether at school or on their own,_ to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests.(2016,年,6,月,),符合词性的选项有：,D.depressing E.dropping H.flow,M.review N.survive O.tend,三、解题步骤,第一步：通读全文,(1 min),第二步：整理选项,(1min),第三步：选词填空,(4 min),第四步：回顾检查,(1 min),第一步：通读全文,(1min),用较快速度，一行一行地读，目的是把握至少,90%,的文章内容。,提醒：就算是通读，也别拿来就把头埋进去傻读。先居高临下，花,5,秒钟把短文各个自然段的段首扫一遍。,比如：,When Robert Feliz came to the USAThen Mrs.Green,a bilingual educator,began to work with himToday,he is a _ doctor,run his own clinicRoberts story is just one of _ success stories.,一眼就能看出短文的主要内容：,Robert,这大哥开始不行，随着时间的推移（,When Then Today,）后来在别人帮助下成功,(success stories),了。心里有了底，再读文章就轻松多了。,提醒：短文第一句是不允许出题的，它对全文起概括、提示的作用。所以，一定要认真看懂第一句。,第二步：整理选项,(1 min),对,15,个单词进行词性分类，这样做考生就不再是,15,选,1,了，只要根据上下文的逻辑关系或者语法结构，有时候可以是,3,选,1,甚至,2,选,1,，缩小了选择的范围，降低了试题的难度。,注意：只考实词（,n,v,adj,adv),区分词类的技巧：后缀,名词：,tion,sion,ness,ment,ty,ship,ace,ance,ancy,ence,ency,dom,itude,um,mony,age,动词：,ize,ise,fy,形容词,:ive,ful,less,ous,able,cal,ary,ic,ent,ant,副词：,ly,注意,有的词，做名词和做动词都很常见，没有上下文不好判断，,比如,display,concern,challenge.,这时两个都要标出来,以,ing,ed,结尾的词既可能是动词，也可能是分词转变而来的形容词,例,1,：,holding,动词：,Shes holding her mothers hand.,形容词：,holding company(,控股公司,),；,例,2,：,acquired,动词：,academic skills he acquired.,形容词：,a newly acquired jacket(,新买的夹克,),第三步：选词填空,(4min),调动语法知识，先确定单词的词性，再去后面的,list,中找同一词类的选项，挑出正确答案。,动词的确定：,动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。,前有名后有名，中间谓动,1,）,n./pron+vt+n./pron.,主谓,+,宾,He,made,cakes.,2,）,n./pron+vt+n./pron.+n./pron,主谓,+,间宾,+,直宾,She,passed,him a new dress.,3,）,n./pron+vt+n./pron.+adj/adv/n/pron/prep,主谓,+,宾,+,宾补,We,keep,the table clean.,2),前名后无名，谓动不及物,n./pron+vi.,主,+,谓,Time,flies,.,3,）,前名后形容，,be,动或系动,n./pron.+link v./be.+adj./n.,The dinner,smells,good.,A new study,7,that belief,questioning whether brains really can be distinguished by gender,(2016,年,12,月,),符合词性的选项有,：,B,）,applied E)challenges H)proving,J)searched M)suggests N)tastes,Many students dont have the opportunity to,5,concerts or visit museums,(2015,年,6,月,),符合词性的选项有,：,B,）,attend H)involved I)joining K)observe M)recruited,以下情况，空白处为分词：,过去分词,v-ed,：,1.has/have+v-ed(,现在完成时,),had+v-ed(,过去,完成时,),2.be+v-ed(,被动语态,),3.v-ed n.,或,n.+v-ed(,过去分词做形容词，表示被动或已发生,),broken windows,现在分词：,1.be+-ing(,进行时态,),2.-ing+n.,或,n.+-ing(,现在分词做形容词，表示主动或正在进行,),developing countries,3.prep.+,ing(,介词宾语,),介词,to+,动名词,doing look forward to+doing,不定式,to+,动词原形,Rather than offer evidence for,28,brains as“male”or“female”,research shows that brains fall into a wide range,with most people falling right in the middle.,Theres a mountain of evidence,34,the,importance of sex influences at all levels of brain function,D.categorizing H.proving,名词的确定,以下情况，空白处为,名,词：,（,1,）,a/an/the,n.,adj.,n.,vt.,n.,（,2,）,n.,v.,（,3,）,prep.,n.,注意：根据空白处前的冠词和上下文判断所填名词的单复数,The parents and grandparents of your students are resources and,1,for their children.,(2015,年,6,月,),符合词性的选项有,：,A.assets G.guidelines L.origin,while there are some gender-based,4 ,many different types of brain cant always be distinguished by gender.,符合词性的选项有,：,E)challenges F)figure G)percentage K)similarities N)tastes,Only a small _,6,_ of people had all-male or all-female characteristics.,符合词性的选项有,：,E)challenges F)figure G)percentage K)similarities N)tastes,形容词,的确定,以下情况，空白处为形容词：,1.,adj.,n./n.,adj.,空白前后是名词,2.link v./be,adj.,be,动或系动后考虑形容词做表语,They can be,2,teachers of their own traditions and histories.,(2015,年,6,月,),符合词性的选项有,：,E.excellent F.expensive N.up-to-date,副词的确定：,修饰动词,while we know that spending so much time sitting,1,can lead to obesity(,肥胖症,)and other diseases(2015,年,6,月,),符合词性的选项有两个,：,H)passively I)previously,Even people who spent just a few hours a week on the Internet more _1_ depression and loneliness than those who logged on less_2_,the two-year study showed.,动词：,A.experienced D.encountered E.appeared,M.allows,副词：,B.subsequently H.frequently,第四步：回顾检查（,1min,）,速度要快，只看有题的句子即可,查缺补漏,