高中定语从句课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定语从句,一,.,定语从句的基本定义,放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,被修饰的词叫先行词。,一,.,定语从句的基本定义,The boy,who,is reading,is Tom.,先行词,关系代词,Hospital is,a place,where a doctor works,.,先行词,关系副词,二,.,关系词的分类,关系代词,2.,关系副词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：,that,which,who,whom,whose,关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：,when,where,why,二,.,关系词的分类,三,.,关系代词的基本用法和注意点,1.,关系代词的基本用法,三,.1.,关系代词的基本用法,关系代词,指代的先行词,充当从句的成分,who,人,主语、宾语,whom,人,宾语,which,物,主语、宾语,that,人或物,主语、宾语、表语,whose,人或物,定语,who,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,The man,(,who),I talked with,is our teacher.,A person,who,steals things,is called a thief.,whom,指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略,。,The man,(whom),I nodded to,is Mr.Li.,who,whom,which,指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,These are,the trees,which,were planted,last year,.,This recorder,（which）,he is using,is,made in Japan.,which,He is,the man,(that),I told you about,.,that,指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,A plane is,a machine,that,can fly,.,that,whose,指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。,We live in,a house,whose windows face south,.,This is,the little girl,whose parents were killed in the great earthquake,.,whose,2.,关系代词的用法注意点,(1)that,和,which,都可以指物，但以下,5,种情况只能用,that,不能用,which,。,当先行词中有人又有物时。如：,Do you know,the things and persons,that,they are talking about,?,2.,关系代词用法注意点,(1),只能用,that,不能用,which,的,5,种情况,当先行词为不定代词,all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none,等时。如：,This is,all,that,I want from the school,.,当先行词被,only,just,very,right,last,等修饰时。如：,This is the,very,book,that,I am looking for these days,.,当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：,The TV tower is,the highest,building,that,has been built in this city,.,当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：,The,first,lesson,that,I learned will never be forgotten,.,(2)that,和,who,都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用,who,。,(2),用,who,不用,that,的情况,先行词为,all,anyone,one,ones,等时。如：,All,who,heard the news,were excited.,先行词为,those,he,和,people,时。如：,Those,who,want to go,please sign your names here.,He,who,does not reach the Great Wall,is not a true man.,(3)whose,引导的定语从句注意点,whose,引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。,whose,与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：,The boss,in whose department,he worked,had heard the news.,他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。,(3)whose,引导的定语从句注意点,whose,的先行词指物时，可用,of which,代替，但语序不同，即,whose+,名词,=the+,名词,+of which,，或,=of which+the+,名词。如：,The novel,whose title,(=the title of which,或,of which the title),is,Red and Black,is very interesting.,whose,引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。,whose,的先行词指人时，可用,of whom,代替，但语序不同，即,whose+,名词,=the+,名词,+of whom,，或,=of whom+the+,名词。如：,The boy,whose mother,(=the mother of whom,或,of whom the mother),is a doctor,is my friend.,(4),关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：,Those,who,are,against the plan,put up your hands.,Tom is,one of the students,who,were,praised by the teacher yesterday,.,Tom is,the only one of the students,who,was,praised by the teacher yesterday,.,(4),从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致,The scientist,who,we met yesterday,is very famous,whom,in the world.,that,(2)The dress is new.She is wearing it.,The dress,which,she is wearing,is new.,that,(1)The scientist is very famous in the world.We met her yesterday.,巩固练习：,1.,用定语从句合并句子,巩固练习,1,：用定语从句合并句子,(3)He is the kind person.,I have ever worked with him.,(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.,He is,the kind person,who,I have ever worked with,.,whom,that,This is,the best film,that,I have ever seen,.,1.The girl _is standing,next to our teacher,is her daughter.,2.The girl _our teacher is talking with,is a famous singer.,3.The girl_ mother is a teacher can speak,English,very well.,4.I cant find the book _is borrowed from,the library.,5.I cant find the book _you lent to me.,who/that,(who/whom/that),whose,which/that,(that/which),巩固练习：,2.,用适当的关系词填空,巩固练习,2,：用适当的关系词填空,四,.,介词,+which/whom,引导的定语从句,1.,介词的选用原则：,根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。,This is the book,on,which,I,spent,8 dollars.,This is the book,for,which,I,paid,8 dollars.,四,.“,介词,+which/whom”,引导的从句，,1.,介词选用原则,(2),根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。,I remember,the day,on,which,I joined the Party.,I remember,the days,during,which,I lived there.,2.,当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用,whom(,指人,),或,which(,指物,),，且关系代词不能省略。,The man,with,whom,you talked just now is my neighbor.,I cant find,the pen,with,which,I was writing.,2.,介词位于关系代词前，关系代词的使用,3.,当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用,which/that(,指物,),who/whom/that(,指人,),作从句中介词的宾语,.,而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。,(whom/who/that),(which/that),Dad is,a person,_ I can easily talk,to,.,Is this,the play,_ you were talking,about,just now,?,3.,介词位于句末，关系代词的使用,4.,在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：,This is the watch,(that/which),I am,looking for,.,The babies,(who/whom/that),the nurse is,looking after,are very healthy.,4.,含介词的固定搭配动词短语的使用,5.,先行词是,the way,，,意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用,that/in which,或省略。,I didnt like,the way,_,she talked to me.,The way,_he,teaches English is interesting.,（that/in which）,（that/in which）,5.,先行词为,the way,，,关系词的使用,五,.,关系副词,when,where,和,why,的用法,五,.,关系副词的基本用法,关系副词,指代的先行词,充当从句的成分,when,表时间的名词,/,名词词组,时间状语,where,表地点的名词,/,名词词组,地点状语,why,表原因的名词,原因状语,用关系副词,when,时，先行词指时间，,when,在定语从句中作时间状语，,when,可换成“介词,+,关系代词”。如：,I still remember,the day,when(=on which),I first came to Nan