大学英语B写作教案

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,大学英语写作教案,一 造句 （P-2）,二 写作中经常用到的并列连词和连接副词(P3-4),第二章 段落的构成(5),一 段落和提纲(5-7),二 段落主题句(7-10),三 段落的统一性(10-13),四 段落的连贯性(14-19),五 过渡语,(20-30),第一章,一，造句,1，熟悉五种基本句型,1）主语+谓语（不及物动词）,The earth trembled.,2)主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语,The earthquake destroyed the city.,3）主语+谓语（联系动词）+主语补足语,The trees are oaks.,4)主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语,Business gave the museum money.,5)主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语,The results proved Jane wrong.,二 写作中经常用到的并列连词,用并列连词连接单词、词组或分句，可以增加句子的,内容，加强句子的表达力。,并列连词,And but,For no,Both.and,Not onlybut also,Notbut,Eitheror,Or yet,So,Neithernor,Whetheror,Asas,二 写作中经常用到的连接副词,连接副词连接分句，以说明分句之间的关系。,连接副词,Accordingly,Also,Anyway,Besides,Certainly,Consequently,Finally,Further,Furthermore,Hence,However,Incidentally,Indeed,Instead,Likewise,meanwhile,Moreover,Namely,Nevertheless,Next,Nonetheless,Now,Otherwise,similarly,Still,Subsequently,Then,Thereafter,Therefore,Thus,undoubtedly,第二章 段落的构成,我们在写文章之前应该拟出一个提纲，而提纲的每一个,要点都能发展成一个段落。,段落,是指一组相互关联，用来阐述某一中心思想的句子群。,例如：要写一段中心思想是“,I prefer to live in the city”,的段落,请拟一个提纲：,1）Transportation and communication is more convenient,than in the country.,2)Cultural life is richer.,3)Material life is better.,一 段落和提纲,我们修改一下提纲：,1）Culture life is richer.,2)Material life is better.,3)Transportation and communication is more convenient.,请写出下面短文的提纲,Growing cities use more land.Over the years,Los Angeles has,been spreading out.The city has also been using land in new ways.,Much of the land is used for large roads called freeways.The,freeways connect the many communities that are part of Los,Angeles.The city has grown higher.Office buildings,hotels and,stores are now taller.Public places,such as sports stadiums,have,grown bigger.They must fit the growing number of people that,Now live in the city.Today more than7 million people live in Los,Angeles.Growing city means more people,too.,提纲可以写成：,1）More land,2)Buildings Higher and Bigger,3)More People,二 段落主题句（topic sentence),主题句：,每一段落只能包含一个中心思想，表达这一,中心思想 的句子就是主题句。,请找出下面段落的主题句。,There are two factors which determine an individuals,intelligence.The first is the sort of brain he is born with.Human,brains differ considerably,some being more capable than others.,But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with,an individual,will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities,to learn.So the second factor is what happens to the individual-,the sort of environment in which he is brought up.If an individual,is in poor environment,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop,and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is,capable.,主题句位于句首，后面的辅助句发展主题句的中心意念。,请找出下面段落的主题句。,In the small French town,the town clerk spends two hours or,so talking in the cafe every day.The village doctor often drops in,for an aperitif when he is between calls.People from outlying,sections of the valley who come to the village only on official,business at the town hall drop into the cafe and leave news of,Their neighborhood.Through the cafe owner the postman relays,Messages that he has been given on his route.With these and,many other sources of information at his disposal,the cafe owner,usually knows better than anyone else in the village the news of,the community.,本段落主题句位于段末。前面的辅助句首先充分发挥某一,中心意念，然后逐渐收拢，最后以主题句点睛。,请找出下面段落的主题句,。,In the past it was possible to know in advance what,occupations would exist when a boy become a man.Today the,Life span of occupations has also been compressed.The computer,Programmer,who was first heard of in the 1950s,will be as,extinct as the blacksmith within a number of years.Individuals,Now train for a profession and look forward to remaining in that,profession for the entire period of their working life.Yet within a,Generation the notion of serving in a single occupation for ones,entire life may seem quaintly antique.Individuals may need to be,trained to serve successively in three,four,or half a dozen,different professions in the course of a career.The job will no,longer serve as mans anchor and organizing principle.,该段落主题句位于段落中间,“Individuals may need to be trained to serve successively in three,four,or half a dozen different professions in the course of a,career.”,三 段落的统一性,(unity),一段文章只应该集中说明一个问题或一个问题的某一方面；,只能叙述一件事情或一件事情的某一阶段。句子是一组词汇,在某一语法形式下的集合。段落则是一组句子在某一中心思,想下的逻辑组合。中心思想通常包含在主题句中，其他的事,实、例证、说理等都应围绕这一中心思想以辅助句的形式出,现。统一性原则是写好英语段落的极其重要的原则。,因此，我们在写作时要摈弃一切与本段的中心、主题无关,的句子。,The bright children is patient.He can tolerate uncertainty and,failure and will keep trying until he gets an answer.When all his,experiments fail,he can even admit to himself and others that for,the time being he is not going to get an answer.This may annoy,him,but he can wait.Very often,he does not want to be told how,to do the problem or solve the puzzle he has struggled with.,because he does not want to be cheated out of the chance to figure,It out for himself in the failure.This is not so for the dull child.He,cant stand uncertainty or failure.To him,an unanswered question,Is not a challenge or an opportunity,but a threat.If he cant fin