初中升高中英语衔接课件

,#,学 海 无,涯,二、,初,高,中,英,语,衔接,专题,一,：,名,词,考,点,集,汇,，,讲解,和,训练,【名师点,睛,】,一,、,名词,的数,1,单数和,复数,可,数,名词有单,数,和复,数,两种,形,式。复数,形,式通,常,是在,单数 形式后加词,尾,“-s”,构成，其主要变法如下,：（,1,）,一般情况在词尾,加,-s,，,例如,：,bookbooks,，,girlgirls,，,boyboys,，,penpens,doctordoctors,boyboys,。,（,2,）以,s,，,x,，,ch,，,sh,，,结尾的词,加,-es,，,例如,：,busbuses,，,classclasses boxboxes,，,watchwatches,，,brushbrushes,。,（,3,）,以,ce,se,ze,（,d,）,ge,结尾的名词加,s,，,例如,：,orangeoranges,。,（,4,）,以辅音,母,加,y,结尾,的,词变,“y”,为,“i”,再加,-es,例如,：,citycities,factoryfactories,countrycountries,familyfamilies,。但要注意的是以元音字母加,y,结,尾的名词的复数形,式,只加,s,，,如,：,boyboys,daydays,。,（,5,）,以,o,结尾的词多,数,都,加,-es,。例如,:heroheroes,，,potatopotatoes,，,tomatotomatoes,但词末为 两个元音字母的词,只,加,-s,。例如,：,zoozoos,，,radioradios,，,还有某些外,来,词也只,加,-s,，,例如：,photophotos,，,pianopianos,。,（,6,）,以,f,或,fe,结尾的,词,，多数变,f,为,v,再,加,-es,，,例如,：,knifeknives,，,leafleaves,halfhalves,。,复数词尾,s,（,或,es,）,的读音方法如下表,所,示,。,复数词尾,s,（,或,es,）,的读音方法,情,况,读法,例,词,在,ptkf,等清辅音后,s,cups,hats,cakes,在,sztd,3,F,等音后,iz,glasses,pages,oranges,buses,watches,faces,在,bd,g,v,等浊辅音后,z,beds,dogs,cities,knives,（,7,）,少数名词有不规,则,的复数形式，例如,：,manmen,，,womanwomen,，,toothteeth,，,footfeet,，,childchildren,，,mousemice,。,【注意】,与,man,和,woman,构成的合成词,，,其复数形式也是,-men,和,-women,。例如：,an,Englishman,，,two,Englishmen,。但,German,不是合成词,，,故复数形式为,Germans,；,man,woman,等作定语时，它的单复数以其,所,修,饰,的名词的单复数而,定,，,如,：,men,workers,，,women teachers,。,有个别名词单,复,数一样,，,例如,：,Chinese,，,Japanese,，,sheep,，,deer,，,fish,等,。,但当,fish,表示不同 种类的鱼时，可以,加,复,数,词尾。,（,8,）,单数形式但其意,为,复数的名词有,：,people,police,等。,数,词,+,名词作定语,时,，,这个名词一般保留,单,数,形,式,，,中间加连字符例如,an,8-year-old,girl,a,ten-mile,walk,。,还有些名词,仅有,复数形式,，,如,：,t,r,o,use,r,s,，,c,l,o,t,he,s,，,c,hops,t,i,ck,s,，,g,l,as,s,e,s,，,g,o,odsas,h,e,s,，,s,c,i,s,s,or,s,，,compasses,。,只用作单数的,复,数形式的名词有：,科学名词,：,physics,mathematics/maths,游戏名称,：,bowls,专有名词,：,the,United,States,Niagara,Falls,其他名词：,news,falls,2,不可数名,词,“量,”,的表,示方法在英语中,，,不,可数,名词如果要表,示,“量,的概,念,”，,可以用以下两种,方,法：,（,1,）,用,much,a,little,a,lot of/lots,of,some,any,等,表示多少，例如：,The rich man has a,lot,of,money,There,is some milk in the,bottle,Is,there,any water,in,the,glass,？,I dont,like,winter,because theres,too,much,snow,and,ice,a,bottle,of,（,2,）,用,a,piece,of,这类定语，例如：,a,piece of,paper,a piece,of,wood,a,piece,of,bread,orange a glass of,water,（,milk,）,a,cup,of,tea,a cup of tea a bag of,rice,three bags of,rice,如果要表,示,“,两,杯,茶,”、“四张纸”这,类,概,念,时，在容器后加复,数,，,例,如：,two cups,of,tea,four pieces of,paper three glasses,of,water,不可数名词也,可,用,a,lot,of,lots,of,some,any,much,等来修饰。,二、名词的所有格,名,词所有格，用来表,示,人,或,物的所有，以及领,属,关,系,。,1.,表示有生命的名词的,所,有格其单数形式是加,s,其复数形式是,s,，,例如,：,a,students,room,students,rooms,fathers,shoes,。,1,学 海 无 涯 情 况读法例 词在ptkf,1,2,学 海 无,涯,如其结尾不是,s,的复,数,形式仍加,s,，,如,：,Childrens,Day,。,在表示时间,、,距离,、,长,度,、,重量,、,价格,、,世,界,、,国家等名词的所有,格,要用,s,，,例如,：,a,twenty,minutes,walk,，,ten,miles,journey,，,a,boats,length,，,two,pounds,weight,ten,dollars,worth,。,无生命名词的所有格,则,必须用,of,结构,，,例如,：,a,map of,China,，,the,end,of,this,term,，,the,capital,of,our,country,the,color,of,the,flowers,。,双重所有格,，,例如,：,a,friend,of,my,fathers,。,【注意,】,如果两个名,词并,列,，,并且分别有,s,，,则表示,“,分别有,”,，,例如,：,Johns,and,Marys,rooms,（,约翰,和,玛丽各有一间，共,两,间,）；,Toms,and,Marys,bikes,（两人各自的自行,车,）。,两个名词并列，只,有,一个,s，,则表示“共有”，,例如,：John,and,Marys,room,（约翰和玛丽共有,一,间,）；Tom,and,Marys,mother（即,Tom,与,Mary,是兄妹,）,。,【演练】,1,-,Where,have,you,been,Tim?-Ive,been,to,.,A.,the,Henry,houseB.,the,Henry family,C.,The,Henrys,homeD.,Henrys,2,In,England,if,is in,the middle of,the day,the evening meal,is called,supper.,A.,food,B.,lunch,C.,breakfastD.,dinner,3,You,looked,for,it twice,but you havent found it.,Why,not,try,.,A.,three,times,B.a,third,time,C.,the,third,timeD.,once,4,-They are,thirsty.Will,you please,give,them,?,-,Certainly.,D.,some bottle,of,waters,A.,some bottles,of,watersB.,some bottles,of,waterC.,some bottle,of,water 5,Mike,hurt one,of his,in the accident,yesterday.,A.,tooth,B.feetC.,hand,D.,ear,6,There,is,some,on the,plate.,A.,cakes,B.,meatC.,potato,D.,pears,7,I,n,E,ng,l,a,n,d,the,l,ast,n,a,m,e,i,s,t,he,.,A.,family,name,B.,middle,C.,given,nameD.,full,name 8,They are going,to,fly,to,Beijing.,A.,GermenB.,Germany,C.,GermanysD.,Germans,9,The,has,two,.,A.,boys;,watches,B.,boy;,watch,C.,boy;,watchesD.boys;,watch,10,The,little,baby,has,two,already.,A.,tooth,B.toothsC.,teeth,D.,teeths 11,Whats,your,for,being late,again?,A.,idea,B.,key,C.,excuse,D.,news,12,-Its dangerous here.,Wed,better,go out,quickly.-,But I,think,we,should,let,go,out,first.,A.,woman,and,children,B.,women,and,child,C.,woman,and,child,D.,women and children 13,-You can see,Mr.,Smith if there is,a,sign,“,”on,the,door,of,his shop.-,Thanks.,A.ENTRANCEB.BUSINESS,HOURSC.THIS,SIDE,UPD.NO,SMOKING,Are,they going to,have,a,picnic,on,?,A.,Childrens,DayB.,Childrenss,Day,C.,Childrens,DayD.,Children,Day 15,Where,are,the,students?,Are,they,in,?,A.,the,Room,406,B.,Room 406C.the,406,RoomD.,406,Room,专题,二,：,形,容,词,、,副,词,考,点集,汇,，,讲,解,和,训练,【名师点睛】,1.,形容词,的,用法,(1),形容词在句中作定语,表,语,宾语补足,语,。,例如：,Our,country,is,a,beautiful,country.,（作定语）,The,fish,went,bad,.,（作表语）,We,keep,our,classroom,clean,and,tidy,.,（作宾语补,足,语）,形容,词,修饰,something,anything,nothing,everything,等不定代词时,形容词放