现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The Present Perfect Tense,英语课件,一.表示动作发生在过去的某个不确定时间，但对现在留下了某种影响或结果，,e.g.：I have already had lunch,我已经吃了午饭。（现在不饿了）,二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,这个动作可能仍将进行下去，也可能刚停止。,eg：1.,He has taught here since 1981.,他自从1981年就在这里教书了。,2.,I havent seen you for four years.,我有4年没见到过你了。,三.表示曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.（曾经发生过的一次或多次动作，现在已成为一种经验。）,e.g.：1.,Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?,你曾去过颐和园吗?,2.,I have never had a car.,我从未有过汽车。,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,相同点：现在完成时和一般过去时的,动作都是发生在过去。,不同点：,1、现在完成时是,现在,的时态（因此可能与now，this morning等表现在的时间连用）,一般过去时是,过去,的时态。,2、现在完成时注意的不是动作本身，而是强调动作与,现在保持的某种密切联系,（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）,而一般过去时，则只表示发生在过去的动作和事情与,现在没有关系,。,eg：1.,He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.,他已经,买了一本英汉字典。,eg：2.,He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.,他曾,买过一本英汉字典。,第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And he still has it”“过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典”。,第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。,二当有一个表示,过去某一特定时间,的状语时，,不用,现在完成时，,而用,一般过去时:,eg：1.,I saw the film on television yesterday.,但since(自以来)+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。,eg：1.,They have known each other since 1950.,2.,Since he was a child,he has lived in England.,三常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语,yesterday(昨天),just now(刚才)，时间+ago,last+时间;in 1998,once upon a time,the other day(前几天),eg:,1.,The plane took off ten minutes ago,飞机十分钟前起飞了。,eg:,2.,We finished our task last week.,我们上周完成了我们的任务。,四常与现在完成时连用的表示到现在为止这段时间的词短语或从句:,so far(到现在为止)，up to(till,until,by)now直到现在，lately（最近）,recently,yet,since+过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句。for+时间段，just,yet,ever,already,in the last(past)15 years,before(单独使用时),eg：1.,The weather has been hot so far this summer,到目前为止，今夏天气一直很热。,2.,I havent seen her yet.,我还未见到过她。,PART B:EXERCISES,一.Find the choice:,1.When I was at school,I_to,the library every day.,A.go B.was going C.have gone,D.went,2.The new books_yet.,A.havent arrived B.hast arrived,C.didnt arrive D.dont arrive,3._you ever_to shanghai.,A.Havent arrived B.Hasnt arrived,C.Didnt arrived D.Havebeen,4.He_his lunch.,A.had B.have had,C.has had D.ate,5.For years,doctors_millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes.,A.saved B.have saved,C.has saved D.were saving,6.I was so happy to see John again,last Sunday.We _each other,for more than two years.,A.havent seen B.hadnt seen,C.didnt see D.hasnt seen,7.We _three lessons this month.,A.have learned B.learned,C.has learned D.were having,8.I_to Paris several times.,A.went B.have gone,C.have been D.was going,9.Alice _ in china for ten years.,A.has lived B.have lived,C.lived D.has live,10.My uncle _in this city since,1980.A.lives B.have lived,C.has lived D.lived,11.By now old Wang _in that,factory for twenty years.,A.have worked B.worked,C.works D.has worked,12.Christianity(,基督教,)has become a worldwide religion(,宗教,)since it,_almost two years ago.A.begin B.begins C.began D.has begin,13.Shakespeare _many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet.A.writes B.have written,C.wrote D.has written,14.When we lived in phoenix we _,at Arizona State university.,A.studied B.have studied,C.study D.were studying,15.I wrote to my parents three month,ago but I_to my parents lately.,A.havent written B.dont write,C.didnt write D.will not write,16.Li Ming _to Shanghai.He will be back next month.,A.went B.have gone,C.has gone D.will go,17.She _an actress for some time.A.was B.being,C.is D.has been,18.Professor Chen _our exams yet.A.didnt mark B.hasntmarked,C.will not mark D.havent marked,20.I_my task the other day.,A.finished B.have finished C.finish D.will finish,二.choose the one that is wrong:,1.I,lived,in,this,city,since,I was a child.,2.I,lost,my pen,I,have,to write,with,a,pencil.,3.Hangzhou is,the,most,beautiful,city,I,saw.,4.She,has read,the,book,last week.,5.My,classmates,and I,have visited,the,memorial hall,o,f chairman Mao,yesterday.,6.My grandmother,has lived,with,us,since my grandfather,has died,six,years,ago,.,7.After breakfast she,takes,a walk to,buy,the morning paper she,does,this,every morning for ten years.,8.It,was very,hot lately,but its,beginning,to,ge,t,a bit,cooler.,9.,Have,you,gone,to the great wall?Yes,I,have,I,went,there last Sunday.,THE END,