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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单元解读,单元解读,游记是一种了不起的文学体裁(徐迟),游记,就是旅游见闻,是记述和描写旅途见闻、表达作者思想感情的记叙文。,内容上要包含,三个要素:,1.,所至,,即作者的游踪。,2.,所见,,即作者在游览过程中目睹的风貌,包括山水景物、名胜古迹、风土人情、历史掌故、现实生活等。(景物特点),3.,所感,,即作者由所见所闻引发的所思所想。,所至是骨骼,所见是血肉,所感是灵魂。(结构),游记是一种了不起的文学体裁(徐迟)游记,就,与朱元思书望峰息心、窥谷忘反,小石潭记似与游者相乐、悄怆幽邃,满井游记悠然自得、皆有喜气,与朱元思书望峰息心、窥谷忘反,一、对“游踪”的理解不宜过于狭隘,游踪不一定都是作者“位置变换”的行踪或路线,在很多游记中,游踪是经过作者集中、提炼、剪接、调度的,具有很强的主体性特点,并非完全是客观实录。,二、难点把握作者的“所感”,一、对“游踪”的理解不宜过于狭隘,游踪不一定都是作者“位置,写景抒情类散文阅读时要注意,多种表达,描写为主(所见),任何一篇山水游记,都离不开对某一风景多角度的描写,描写越生动形象,越能激发读者对某一风景的赞美与向往之情。除此之外,作者往往会运用记叙、议论、抒情等多种表达方式,或叙事或抒发情感。,层次安排,移步换景(所至),作者的视点(立足点及观察点)不固定,视点和要叙述、说明的对象都在移换。,定点换景,:,选定立足点,游目四顾,收于脚下。,写景抒情类散文阅读时要注意多种表达描写为主(所见),一个手法,联想(所感),山水游记真正的写作目的一般不是仅仅告诉读者看到了什么。通过联想,文章达到了物中有我,我中有物,物我相融的境界,从而体现出,作者的人生观、价值观、世界观。,一个手法联想(所感),教学重点,1.,把握所写景物的特点,感受作者独特的写景角度,理解作者的所思所感。,(重点),2.,品味本文,畅达凝练而又带有古典气息的语言,,体会作者的体物之细,绘物之精。,(,重点),3.,领会文中所写的黄河的伟大性格,激发热爱中华民族母亲河的感情。,4.,结合课文学习,,把握写景抒情类散文的阅读方法。,(,难点),教学重点1.把握所写景物的特点,感受作者独特的写景角度,理解,壶口瀑布简介,壶口瀑布是中国第二大瀑布(仅次于贵州黄果树大瀑布),是世界上最大的,黄色瀑布,。位于黄河中游秦晋大峡谷,,是陕西和山西两省共同的旅游胜地。,黄河奔流至此,河口突然收束,形如“壶口”,在不到,500,米的距离内,河面宽度从数百米急剧收窄为二三十米,河水急跌而下,流速陡增,河水从二十多米的高处飞速跌落至直径五十余米的大石潭中,汹涌奔腾,声如洪钟巨雷。,壶口瀑布简介 壶口瀑布是中国第二大瀑布(仅次于贵,壶口瀑布(部编版)课件,走进作者,梁衡,,著名学者,,1946,年出生,,1968,年毕业于中国人民大学。历任,内蒙古日报,记者、,光明日报,记者、国家新闻出版署副署长,著,名的新闻理论家、散文家、科普作家和政论家,其,代表作品,有,没有新闻的角落,、,新闻绿叶的脉络,、,新闻原理的思考,等。,走进作者 梁衡,著名学者,1946年出生,,背景链接,瀑布是大自然馈赠给人类的一道美丽的风景,历来受到文人画士的青睐(,li,),以之为歌咏的题材,李白的,望庐山瀑布,脍炙人口,千古流传。梁衡的,壶口瀑布,所歌颂的并不仅仅是壶口瀑布,而是整个黄河。黄河具有丰厚的历史文化内涵,在作者笔下,“博大宽厚,柔中有刚,挟而不服、压而不弯、不平则呼,遇强则抗,死地必生,勇往直前”的黄河,不就是华夏民族的象征吗?,背景链接 瀑布是大自然馈赠给人类的一道美丽的风景,历来,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,告,诫,()雾,罩,(),推搡,(),驰骋,(),漩,涡,()寒,噤,(),雾,霭,()出,轧,(),乘,隙,(),迂,回(),汩,汩(),潺,潺(),震,耳欲聋()恕不可,遏,(),i,zho,jn,ji,tu sn,w,ch,n,字词积累,zh,x,y,chn,zhn,状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,从从容容:,留有足够的时间,而且常常有余。,前呼后拥,:前面有人吆喝开路,后面有人簇拥着护卫。常用以,形容旧时官吏出巡时的声势,。,怒不可遏,:愤怒得不到抑制,,形容愤怒到了极点。,这里形容水势不可阻挡的样子。,状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路,朗读课文,感知景物特点(所见),主问题,1.,大声朗读课文,,理清文章的结构层次。,2.,认真阅读课文,圈点勾画,说说壶口瀑布的水在雨季和枯水季节有哪些特点?,朗读课文,感知景物特点(所见),状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第一部分,():简要介绍壶口的地理位置,游览的次数。,第二部分,(,):作者两次看瀑布的情形。,第三部分,():赞美黄河的性格,歌颂无坚不催、勇往直前、百折不挠的民族精神。,文章的结构层次。,整体感知,状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路状元成才路,壶口瀑布雨季特点,涛声如雷,雾气弥漫,水势浩大,令人害怕,像“一锅正沸着的水”。,突出黄河令人震撼的气势,为下文再写黄河做情感上的铺垫。,壶口瀑布枯水季节特点,景观丰富多样,雄浑壮阔,陡峭奇绝,多姿多彩,壶口瀑布雨季特点涛声如雷,雾气弥漫,水势浩大,令人害怕,像“,精段细读,明确观察方法(所至),主问题,仔细阅读,3-5,段,思考:,1.,作者的立足点在哪里?采取了什么样的观察方法?,2.,作者写了壶口瀑布的水后,为什么又写“脚下的石”?,精段细读,明确观察方法(所至),1.,作者的立足点在哪里?采取了什么样的观察方法?,立足点(观察点)在,河心,。,采用,定点换景,的观察方法。,俯视,龙槽,明“壶口”来历;,仰观,河面,看瀑布源头;,跌入,沟底,显河水威力;,平视,龙槽边沿,写千姿百态的河水;,收于脚下,,描写被河水侵蚀的石头。,1.作者的立足点在哪里?采取了什么样的观察方法?立足点(观,2.,作者写了壶口瀑布的水后,为什么又写“脚下的石”?,1,)景物的整体性。(壶口瀑布由水和石组成),2,)观景的习惯性。(游目四顾后,收于脚下),3,)壶口瀑布奇观的形成原因正是因为石对水的约束。,4,)被河水凿得“窟窟窍窍”“寸寸剁去”的石头能反衬黄河水的力量,为下文作者赞美黄河、抒发情感做铺垫。,2.作者写了壶口瀑布的水后,为什么又写“脚下的石”?,跳读课文,理解作者感受(所感),主问题,找出文中表达作者感受的句子,理解作者的所思所感。,1.,观景时的直接体验。,2.,景物引发的感想。,水的百态正是人生百态的象征。,柔和之中只有宽厚绝无软弱。,3.,哲理性的思考。,运用,拟人手法,,写出了黄河正是在
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