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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,主谓一致,主谓一致,语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则,主谓一致,:,是指句子的,谓语,动词与句子的,主语,在,人称和数,上保持,一致,即如果句子的主语是单数,谓语动词用单数,如果,主语是复数,则谓语动词用复数,.,例题解析,相关练习,历年中考题,语法一致原则意义一致原则就近一致原则主谓一致:是指句子的谓语,1.,主语是,可数名词的单数,或,不可数名词,时,谓语动,词用,单数形式,.,The girl,_,very beautiful.,这个女孩子很漂亮,The,chicken _,very delicious,.,鸡肉很美味,is,is,1.主语是可数名词的单数或不可数名词时,谓语动The gir,2.,(,1,)不定代词,one,each,every,either,neither,something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,no one,everybody,everyone,作主语时,谓语,动词用,单数,.,Each of us_,(have),something to say.,我们每个人都有话要说,.,Everyone _,(be),here.Lets begin our lesson!,大家都到齐了,.,让我们开始上课吧,!,has,is,2.Each of us_(have)som,2.(2),不定代词,none,作主语时,如果修饰的是,不可数名词,则谓语动词,用,单数,;,如果它所修饰的是,可数名词,则谓语,单,复数,均可用,.,None of us _(be)perfect.,人无完人,.,is/are,None of the water _(be)clean here.,is,2.(2)不定代词none作主语时,如果修饰的是不可数名词,4.,主语后面有,with,together with,along with,as well as,except,but,besides,like,such as,等表示,连带成分,时,谓语动词的,单复数,由这些词前面的主语,来决定,即主语是单数,谓语用单数;主语,是复数,谓语用复数。,1.Look!A woman with 12 children _(be)wait-,ing for a bus.,看!一个带着,12,个小孩的妇女正在等公交车。,is,4.主语后面有with,together with,al,3.,由,and,连接两个主语时,如果把这,两个主语作为个体,来考虑时,谓语动词用,复数,;,如果把这,两个主语看作一个整体,时,谓语动词就用,单数,.,Ann and Jack _,(be),friends.,Fish and chips _,(be),my favourite food,.,但如果,and,连接的两个并列主语指的是,同一个人,或,一件事,,谓语,动词用,单数,。,1,.The singer and the dancer _,_,(come),from,Longtou,.,2,.The singer and dancer _,_,(come),from,Longtou,.,are,is,come,comes,类似的,:bread and butter,抹黄油的面包,3.由and连接两个主语时,如果把这两个主语作为个体来考虑时,6.,动名词或动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词用,单数,,但如果,几个并,列,的动名词或不定式作主语,则谓语动词用,复数,。,1.Doing morning exercises _,(be),good for your eyes,做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。,2,.To help poor people _,(be),our duty.,帮助有困难的人是我们的责任。,3.Listening,reading and speaking _,(be),important in studying English,is,is,are,6.动名词或动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数,但如果几个并,5.,一些,成双成对的复数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用,复数,,,如,trousers,pants,shoes,gloves,glasses,scissors,等。但如,果在这些词前加上,a pair of,时,则谓语动词用,单数,()This pair of,shoes_not mine,My shoes_in the box.,A:,is are,B:,are is,C:,is is,D:,are,are,A,5.一些成双成对的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数,(,Lets write,1.,Time _,(be),money.,2,.No one _,_,(know),the truth.,3,.The writer and the teacher _,(be),coming.,4,.,The,writer and teacher_,(be),coming.,5.,Something _,(be),wrong with your watch.,6,.The teacher with his students _,(have),a,meeting.,7.Everyone except Tom _,(be),wrong.,is,kno,ws,are,is,is,has,is,Lets write1.Time _(be),7.,一个从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。,When we will go to Beijing _(be)not decided.,什么时候去北京,我们还没决定,。,is,7.一个从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。When we wil,意义一致,2.,一些单复数相同的单词如:,Chinese,Japanese,fish,sheep,deer,等,谓语动词的单复数要根据它在句子中所表达的,意义而定。,但,the Chinese,the Japanese,the English,the British,the,French,等名词表国民总称时,作复数用。(其中,English,,,British,,,French,等,不能指单个的人),A little deer_(be)running on the hill.,Some deer_(be)eating grass.,is,are,意义一致2.一些单复数相同的单词如:Chinese,Japa,意义一致,3.,People,police,这两个词看似单数形式,但表达的是复数,意义,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。,1.The people in the city _,_,(be),very,friendly.,这个城市的人很友好。,2.,The police _,_,(look),for,the,lost boy now,.,警察正在找丢失的男孩,.,are,are looking,意义一致3.People,police这两个词看似单数形式,,意义一致,1.,集体名词如,class,(,班,/,),,family,(家庭,/,),,audience,(观众),group,(小组),team,(队),club,(俱乐部),等,作主语时,谓语动词取决于集体名词在句中所表示的意义。当它,们表示一个整体的概念时,通常被看作单数;而当它们表示组成整,体的个体成员时,它们就是复数意义。,1.Our class_(be)not big.,我们班不算大,.,2.The class_(wait)for a new teacher,now.,现在同学们都在等候新老师的到来,.,is,are waiting,同学们,家庭成员,意义一致1.集体名词如class(班/),,意义一致,5.,当表示,度量,,距离,金额,时间等数量词作主语时,常把这个,数,量词看作一个整体,,谓语动词用,单数,。,在一些算术题目中,一般把算术题目的主语看成是单数,谓语动词,用单数,但在,加和乘,时,谓语动词也可用复数。,1,.100 dollars _(be)not a small number,2.,Twenty years,_(,be,),not a long,time.,3.forty miles_(be)a long way.,1.six minus four _(be)two.,2.Two and two_(be)four.,is,is,is,is,is/are,意义一致5.当表示度量,距离,金额,时间等数量词作主语时,常,意义一致,4.,一些名词如,maths,physics,politics,(政治),news,the United,States,等,,其形式上虽以,-s,结尾,但表示的确是一门学科或一种,事物,谓语动词只能用单数。,1.,The,United States,_,(be),a developed,country.,美国是个发达国家,.,is,意义一致4.一些名词如maths,physics,poli,意义一致,7.,由“,the+,形容词”构成的词,如,the old,the yong,the rich,the,poor,等用来表示具有,某种特性的一类人,,作主语时,谓语动词,用,复数,。,1.,The rich _,(have),a lot of,money.,have,意义一致7.由“the+形容词”构成的词,如 the old,意义一致,6.,分数作主语时,不是看,分数,本身,而是看这个分数所修饰的名词。,如果其,修饰的是不可数名词或可数名词单数,,谓语动词用,单数,,如,果是,复数名词,。则谓语动词用,复数,。,1.In our class two thirds of the students _(be)girls.,2.Three quarters of the information on the internet _(be)written in English.,are,is,意义一致6.分数作主语时,不是看分数本身,而是看这个分数所修,意义一致,9.,关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由它修饰的,先行词来决定。先行词是单数时,谓语动词用单数,反之用复数。,She is one of the few girls who _ well,paid(,获得好收入,)in the factory now.,A:,is,B:,are,C:,was,D:,were,B,意义一致9.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由,意义一致,8.,代词,all,,,most,,,what,who,which,more,等作主语时,谓语,动词的单复数也要根据它所表达的意义来决定。,most of the apples,most of the apple,Most of the,apples_(be),rotten.,大部分的苹果是烂的,.,Most of the,apple _(be),eaten,by a rat.,这个苹果的大半被老鼠吃掉了,.,are,is,意义一致8.代词all,most,what,who,wh,就近一致,2.,在,there be,和,here be,结构中,如果主语不只一个。谓语动词,通常和靠近,be,的名词来决定谓语的单复数形式。,1.,There _,_,(be),five pens and a book on the,desk,2,.There _,_,(be),a book and five pens,on the,desk.,are,is,就近一致2.在there be 和here be 结构中,如,就近一致,1.,在,or,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,not but,句型中,,其谓语动词和邻近的那个主语保持一致
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