动名词与不定式的不同点

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,动名词在句中可以作主语或宾语,1.,Talking to him,is talking to a wall,2.,Smoking,may cause cancer.,3.He admitted,taking the money,.,4.,I suggest,bringing the meeting to an end.,动词,-,ing,形式在句中作主语或宾语，该动词起名词作用，我们称之为动名词。,1,作主语,Walking is good exercise,走路是很好的运动。,Seeing is believing,眼见为实。,注意：动名词作主语还常用于“,It is no use,good,harm,useless doing,sth,”句型中。,It is no use waiting here,在这儿等是没用的。,(It,为形式主语，,waiting here,为真正的主语,),2,作宾语,My brother likes swimming,我弟弟喜欢游泳。,(swimming,为动词,like,的宾语,),Her sister is good at dancing,她妹妹擅长跳舞。,(dancing,为介词,at,的宾语,),This film is well worth seeing,这部电影值得看。,(seeing,为形容词,worth,的宾语,),Do you think it necessary trying again?,你认为有必要再试一试吗,?,(It,为形式宾语，,trying again,为真正的宾语,),只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和动词短语有：,admit(,承认,),，,avoid,，,advise,，,consider,，,delay(,延误,),，,deny(,否认,),，,enjoy,，,escape,，,excuse,，,fancy(,想象,),，,finish,，,imagine,，,mind(,介意,),，,miss(,错过,),，,permit,，,practise,，,require(,需要,),，,suggest(,建议,),；,cant stand(,不能忍受,),，,care for,，,dream of,，,devote to,，,feel like,，,give up,，,insist on,，,keep on,，,put off(,推迟,),，,persist in(,坚持,),，,set about(,开始，着手,),，,stick to(,坚持,),，,succeed in,，,look forward to;,只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和动词短语有：,be afraid of,，,be busy(in),，,be fond of,，,be good at,，,be delighted in,，,be interested in,，,be proud of,，,be tired of,，,be,get used to,，,be worth,，,be astonished at,，,be surprised at,，,be terrified at,，,Apologize(to,sb,.)for,，,excuse,forgive,praise,thank,sb,.for;,只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和动词短语有：,prevent,stop,keep,sb,from,阻止某人,，,form the habit of,，,put,sb,to the trouble of(,麻烦某人,),，,have difficulty,trouble(in)(,做,费力,),，,There is difficulty(in),，,It is no use,good(in),，,There is no use(in),，,How,What about(,怎么样,?),3,动名词与不定式作主语、宾语的区别,1),动名词和不定式作主语,动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作；不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。如：,Playing with fire is dangerous,(,泛指玩火,),To play with fire will be dangerous,(,指一具体动作,),2),动名词和不定式作宾语,在某些动词如,like,love,prefer,hate,等后动名词作宾语表示一般倾向；不定式作宾语表示特定的或具体的某次行动。如：,I like reading books of this kind,我喜欢看这类书。,I like to read that book,我想看那本书。,They prefer walking to cycling,他们情愿走路不愿骑车,They prefer to stay at home today,今天他们情愿呆在家里。,在动词,remember,forget,try,，,regret,mean,，,stop,go on,后动名词和不定式作宾语，意义不同。,remember doing,sth,记得曾经做过某事,remember to do,sth,记住要去做某事,forget doing,sth,忘了曾经做过某事,forger to do,sth,忘了做某事,try doing,sth,试着做某事看效果如何,try to do,sth,尽力去做某事,regret doing,sth,后悔做了某事,regret to do,sth,对将要做的事感 到抱歉,mean doing,sth,意味着做某事,mean to do,sth,想要做某事,stop doing,sth,停止做某事,stop to do,sth,停下来去做某事,go on doing,sth,继续做某事,go to do,sth,接下来去做某事,在,need,，,require,want,后动名词用主动式表示被动，不定式要用被动式。如：,Your watch needs repairing,to be repaired,你的表需要修理。,1._the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement,A,The president will attend,B,The president to attend,C.The president attended,D,The presidents attending,2.In some parts of London,，,missing a bus means _for another hour,A.waiting B,to wait,C,wait D,to be waiting,3.I really appreciate _to relax with you on this nice island,A,to have had time,B,having time,C,to have time,D,to having time,4,Fishing is his favorite hobby,，,and_,A,hes like to collect coins as well,B,he feels like collecting coins,，,too,C,to collect coins is also his hobby,D,collecting coins also gives him great pleasure,5,One learns a language by making mistakes and _them,A,correct B,correcting,C,correct D,to correct,6,Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _some schools for poor children,A,set up B,setting up,C,have set up D,having set up,7,Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party,A,having not been invited,B,not having invited,C,having not invited,D,not having been invited,8,You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting,Well,now I regret _that,A,to do B,to be doing,C,to have done D,having done,9,She didnt remember _him before,A,having met B,have met,C,to meet D,to having met,10,The library needs_,，,but itll have to wait until Sunday,A,cleaning B,be cleaned,C,clean D,being cleaned,Homework,Finish the grammar exercise of the unit.,Preview the next lesson.,