中考英语第二轮语法考点聚焦第29讲非谓语动词ppt课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,聚焦中考,河南专版,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,第,29,讲,非谓语动词,第29讲非谓语动词,中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：,1,动词,ing,形式和动词不定式作主语；,2,动词,ing,和动词不定式作表语、宾语；,3,动词不定式作宾语补足语；,4,动词不定式作定语、状语；,5,固定短语搭配。,中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：,高频考向一动词不定式,1,构成：,to,动词原形，即：,to do,形式。其否定形式为：,not to do,。如：,The teacher tells me to finish my homework after school.,老师告诉我放学后完成我的家庭作业。,2,功能：动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。,高频考向一动词不定式,(1),作主语,To help the old is our duty.,帮助老人是我们的职责。,注意：动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用,it,作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。,(1)作主语,“,Its,adj,.,of sb.,不定式,”,表示,“,某人,(,做某事,),”,。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词，常用的有,good(,好的,),，,kind(,友善的,),，,nice(,好的,),，,polite(,有礼貌的,),，,clever(,聪明的,),，,foolish(,愚蠢的,),，,lazy(,懒惰的,),，,careful(,细心的,),，,careless(,粗心的,),，,right(,正确的,),，,wrong(,错误的,),等。如：,Its kind of you to help me.,你帮了我，你真好。,“Its adj.of sb.不定式”表示“某人(,“,Its,adj,.,for sb.,不定式,”,表示,“,做某事对某人来说,”,。常用的形容词有,difficult(,困难的,),，,easy(,容易的,),，,hard(,艰难的,),，,dangerous(,危险的,),，,safe(,安全的,),，,useful(,有用的,),，,pleasant(,舒适的,),，,interesting(,有趣的,),等。如：,Its dangerous for you to climb that tall tree.,对你来说，爬上那棵高树是危险的。,“Its adj.for sb.不定式”表示“做某,(2),作表语,To eat is to live,，,but to live is not to eat.,吃饭是为了活着，但活着并不是为了吃饭。,(3),作宾语,常接不定式作宾语的动词有：,decide(,决定,),，,expect(,期望,),，,forget(,忘记,),，,hope(,希望,),，,pretend(,假装,),，,try(,尽力,),等。如：,I want to borrow your bike.,我想借你的自行车。,(2)作表语,(4),作宾语补足语,常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：,ask(,要求,),，,tell(,告诉,),，,want(,想要,),，,teach(,教,),，,wish(,希望,),，,help(,帮助,),，,warn(,警告,),，,invite(,邀请,),，,encourage(,鼓励,),等。如：,Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.,蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。,She asked me to answer the phone while she was out.,当她出去的时候，她叫我接电话。,(4)作宾语补足语,(5),作定语,动词不定式作定语时，常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语，且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词是动宾关系或介宾关系。如：,He wants some water to drink.,他想要些水喝。,(,动宾,),He has no friends to talk with.,他没有可以与之交谈的朋友。,(,介宾,),注意：,当不定式修饰的名词是,time,，,place,或,way,时，不定式后的介词习惯省去。如：,He had no place to live(in),他没地方住。,(5)作定语,有些名词常用不定式作定语。如：,a chance to go to school,上学的机会,no time to think about rest,没时间考虑休息,a way to learn(of learning)English,学习英语的一种方法,有些名词常用不定式作定语。如：,(6),作状语,They ran over to welcome us.(,表目的,),他们跑过来欢迎我们。,Paul is too excited to say anything.(,表结果,),保罗激动得说不出话来。,Im sorry to trouble you.(,表原因,),很抱歉打扰你。,(6)作状语,【注意】有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去,to,。具体有：,在动词,let,，,feel,，,see,，,look at,，,watch,，,have,，,make,，,notice,，,hear,等动词后，动词不定式作宾语时，要省略,to,。但在变被动语态时，省略的,to,要加上。如：,I heard someone knock at the door.,我听到有人在敲门。,We saw him enter the room.,我们看到他进了房间。,【注意】有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去to。具体有：,记忆口诀：,不定式作宾语补足语时省,to,的动词,一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助,【诠释】,一感：,feel,；二听：,hear,，,listen to,；三让：,make,，,let,，,have,；四看：,see,，,notice,，,watch,，,observe,；半帮助：,help,。,在,would you please,，,had better,，,why not,，,would rather,等结构的句型中，要用不带,to,的不定式。如：,Would you please make your bed,？请整理下你的床，好吗？,Youd better go to bed early.,你最好早点睡觉。,记忆口诀：,3,特殊疑问词动词不定式,能接不定式的疑问词有：,what,，,which,，,how,，,who,，,when,，,where,等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如：,I dont know what to do.,我不知道该做什么。,I dont know how to do it.,我不知道该怎么去做这事。,I dont know what to do about it.,关于这件事，我不知道该做些什么。,The question is who to go.,问题是谁去。,3特殊疑问词动词不定式,【例,1,】,Our teacher often advises us _ the habit of making notes while reading.,(,2016,，,苏州,),A,to develop,B,develop,C,to developing D,developing,答案：,_,解析：,advise,后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，即,advise sb.to do sth.,，意为,“,建议某人做某事,”,。,A,【例1】Our teacher often advises,【例,2,】,My parents often tell me_too much junk food because its bad for my health.,A,not eating B,not to eat,C,eating D,to eat,答案：,_,解析：,tell sb.(not)to do sth.,意为,“,告诉某人,(,不要,),做某事,”,，动词不定式作宾语；由原因状语从句的句意,“,因为它对我的健康不利,”,可知，此处应用动词不定式的否定形式。,B,【例2】My parents often tell me,【例,3,】,The traffic signs warn people after drinking.,A,to drive B,not to drive,C,driving D,dont drive,答案：,_,解析：,warn sb.to do sth.,为固定搭配，意为,“,警告某人做某事,”,，其否定形式为,warn sb.not to do sth.,。结合常识可知，交通标志应是,“,警告人们不要酒后驾驶。,”,B,【例3】The traffic signs warn peo,【例,4,】,Why is Linlin practicing speaking English?,_abroad for further study.,A,Go,B,Gone,C,To go,D,Goes,答案：,_,解析：,疑问词,why,用于提问原因，动词不定式结构可用来表示目的，回答原因。,C,【例4】Why is Linlin practicing,【例,5,】,Ill have a tenday holiday.But I dont know _.,How about Paris,？,(,2016,，,成都,),A,what do to,B,where to go,C,when to go,答案：,_,解析：,what to do,“,做什么,”,；,where to do,“,去哪里,”,；,when to go,“,何时去,”,。由第一句句意,“,我将有一个,10,天的假期,”,和答语句意,“,巴黎怎么样？,”,可推知，空格所在句意为,“,但我不知道去哪里。,”,B,【例5】Ill have a tenday holi,高频考向二动词,ing,形式,动词,ing,具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：,Saying so much is useless.,说那么多没用。,(,主语,),My greatest pleasure is traveling.,我最大的乐趣是旅游。,(,表语,),She enjoys going to the cinema.,她喜爱看电影。,(,宾语,),There is a swimming pool here.,这儿有一个游泳池。,(,定语,),高频考向二动词ing形式,高频考向二动词,ing,形式,动词,ing,具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：,Saying so much is useless.,说那么多没用。,(,主语,),My greatest pleasure is traveling.,我最大的乐趣是旅游。,(,表语,),She enjoys going to the cinema.,她喜爱看电影。,(,宾语,),There is a swimming pool here.,这儿有一个游泳池。,(,定语,),高频考向二动词ing形式,(2),有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词,ing,形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。如：,(2)有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宾语，但表,中考英语第二轮语法考点聚焦第29讲非谓语动词ppt课件,【例,6,】,Isnt it strange that the cat is used to_(lie)beside the dog pea