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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,2012,语法填空,解题技巧,1,、阅读,/,理解,语篇,的能力,;,2,、分析句子结构的能力,;,3,、熟练运用语法的能力。,1.,语法填空题,能力要求,1,、快速浏览全文，把握文章大意和作者写作意图，总体时态；,2,、分析句子结构,-,主谓结构,;,3,、根据上下文把握空格意思。,2.,语法填空题,解题步骤,3.,语法填空题,空格设计,纯空格,介词，连词，代词，冠词，,从句引导词，情态动词，,强调组动词等,有提示词,谓语动词，非谓语动词，,名词，形容词，副词，,形容词或副词的比较级或最高级,有提示词的,解题技巧,分析句子结构,上下文语境,谓语动词（时态和语态）,非谓语动词,名词，形容词，副词，,形容词或副词的比较级或最高级,有提示词,技巧,1,：,句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词。时态考虑要瞻前顾后。,例,1.,The first card _,(design)by,J.C.Horsley,as a commercial endeavor.,was designed,例,2.That was definitely not an,attractimve,idea so I politely declined her invitation,_(close)my book and walked away.,closed,例,3.All over the world,people move from place to place.More and more people_(leave)towns and farms to move to cities.This,movement(move),to cities is called urbanization.,are leaving,例,4.Smaller cars are just one of the directions that the car industry is taking.Also the industry _,(produce)cars that pollute less and have a less harmful effect on the environment these days.,is producing,例,5.Nobody knows what,_(happen)if she had refused to pay.,would have happened,例,6.His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children _(play)with joyous abandon.,played,例,7.The,happiest,(happy)of people dont,necessarily,(,necessary)have,the best of everything;they just make the most of everything that _(come),along their way.,comes,例,8.The country life he was used to _,（,change,）,greatly since the opening policy.,has changed,例,9.The international agreement,intended to encourage children not to smoke and _ (help)people kick the habit,_ (sign)on February 27 last summer.,help,was signed,技巧,2,：,若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用,doing,形式，,done,形式，还是,to do,形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑,它与其逻辑主语之间,的关系。,例,10.but it is not enough only _(memorize)rules from a grammar book.,to memorize,例,11._(speak)out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed,on the contrary,Speaking,注意,：,作主语或宾语时，通常用,doing/being done,形式表示习惯或一般情况；用,to do/to be done,形式表示具体情况或将来；用,having done/having been done,表示已发生。,例,12._(,complet,)the project as planned,well have to work two more hours a day.,To complete,例,14.Some people say that oldest children,who are smart and strong-willed,are very likely _(success.),to succeed,注意,：,作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用,to do,形式。,例,13.,The young student did all that he could _(,pass)the,examinations.,to pass,例,15.He saw the stone,_(say)to himself:“The night,willl,be very dark.”,saying,注意,：,分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条件状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。,例,16.There will be a meeting,_(start)later this year to review the film.,learned,注意,：,分词做后置定语也要看它与被修饰词之间的关系确定形式。,starting,例,17.,Lessons_(learn,)in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.,例,18.At 9:07pm,Sept.25,The,Shenzhou,VII spacecraft was lifted by the long March,-F carrier rocket into space.The launch of the,Shenzhou,VII is Chinas third manned space venture since October 23,when,it joined Russia and the United States as the only countries _(send)astronauts,itno,space.,注意,：,名词前有,first,second,last,only,修饰时，后面要用,to do /to have done,做后置定语。,to have sent,the only,例,19.,Mr.Green was disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _,（,repair,）,go wrong again.,注意,：,固定结构如：,have,sth,.done,see,sth,.done,the way to do,等。,repaired,例,20.,Can you tell me the way you thought of _ (work)out the problem.,to work,技巧,2,：,词类转换题要先确定在句中的成分。,dangerous,例,19.In a _(danger)part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand,they learnt to,例,20.There must be something_,(serious)wrong with our society.,seriously,varieties,例,21.,Zheng,Shouying,a professor at the Ford Science and Technology College of Nanjing Agriculture University,believes Chinese should learn to pick the best milk from the _(vary)that fill store shelves.,harder,例,23.The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could.He jumped even _(hard)and finally made himself out.,unnecessary,例,22.Your mistake caused a lot of _(necessity)work in the office.,Storms _produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along,Nes,Mexicos border with Texas on Friday,_(,destroy)homes,and other buildings and injuring at least 16 people,several critically,authorities said.,The _(,bad)damage,was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis,which are about 80 miles apart,police said.,Pasage,Practice 1,destroying,which,worst,The tornadoes damaged several _(new)built buildings,toppled(,使,倒下,)power lines _ sparked fires that were later extinguished in Clovis,police Lt.James,Schoeffel,said.,Thirteen people from _area were hospitalized at the Plains Regional Medical Center.,Pasage,Practice 1,and,newly,the,Five were in critical(,危急的,)condition_ head trauma(,外伤,损伤,),said Liz Crouch,the centers chief operating officer.,In Logan,three people _(,take)to,a hospital,_ others were treated at a local clinic.One of them was a visitor,saying he wouldnt have been there if he _(,watch)the,weather forecast the day before.,were taken,with,while,had watched,Night after night,she came to tuck me in,even long after my childhood years._(follow)her longstanding custom,shed lean down and p
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