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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,主动,被动,一般式,进行式,/,完成式,完成进行式,/,不定式的基本形式,to do,to be doing,to have done,to have been doing,to be done,to have been done,Discovering useful structures,Go over the passive voice,当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表,示的动作的承受者时，一般要用不定式,的被动式。不定式的被动式可以在句中,作主语、作宾语、作表语、作定语、,作状语。,1.Its an honour,to be invited,to the ceremony.,2.She didnt like,to be treated,as a child.,3.His dream was,to be admitted,to a good university.,4.There are a lot of things,to be discussed,.,5.She was sent there,to be trained,for the space flight.,作主语,作宾语,作表语,作定语,作状语,不定式的被动式在句中作什么成分,He thought it an honour,to have been,invited,to the party.,（复合宾语）,The book is said,to have been translated,into many languages.,（复合谓语）,She was the first woman,to have been elected,to such a post.,（定语）,不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义,不定式的,逻辑主语和逻辑宾语都出现在不定式前面，只能用主动形式,；若在句中,找不到不定式的逻辑主语，则用不定的被动形式,。如：,Do,you,have,anything to wash,today?,(to wash,的主语为句子的主语,you,，其逻辑宾语为,anything,。,),你今天要洗什么吗？,Do you have anything,to be washed,?,(to be washed,不是,you,做，而是由“我”或其他人来做,),你有什么要其他人洗的吗？,在,There be/seem+,主语,+to do,表示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义,（也就是说，我们可能会见到被动形式，但主动形式要好得多）。,There is a lot of homework to do,(,也可用,to be done),Theres no chair,to sit on.,(The chair,is sat on,.),没有椅子坐。,但在下列句子中，只能用主动形式。如：,Theres not enough food,for us to eat,.,我们没有足够的食物吃。,3.,在,形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义，,其中形容词常见的有,easy,difficult,important,impossible,等。如：,The work is,impossible to finish,in two days.(The work is finished.),工作不可能两天之内完成。,English is not so,easy to learn,.(English is learnt.),英语并不好学。,4,在“,with+n+to,do”,结构中。,例如：,With nothing to do,，,he lay in bed,With so many exercises to do,，,I cant go to the cinema,5.,在一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评”用,be to blame,；“（东西等）出租”用,to let,。,如：,He,is to blame,for what he has done.,他应为他所做的受责备。,The house,is to let,.,房子要出租。,5.,在一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评”用,be to blame,；“（东西等）出租”用,to let,。,如：,He,is to blame,for what he has done.,他应为他所做的受责备。,The house,is to let,.,房子要出租。,(2007,辽宁卷,),The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang,who was reported _ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.,breaking B.having broken,C.to have broken D.to break,实战演练,2.(,3.(,I.,根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完整。,1.He wanted the letter _(type)at once.,2.It is the first such project _(design)by Chinese engineers.,练一练,to be typed,to be designed,3.She didnt want her son _(take)away.,4.Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears _(tell)everything.,5.She is busy preparing for the exams _(hold)next month.,6.He hurried to the station only _(tell)that the train had left.,to be taken,to have been told,to be held,to be told,1.It is said that plastics can be used to_ many things.Now people are used to_ plastics products.,A.make;using,B.making;using,C.making;use,D.make;use,A,2.With a lot of problems_,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.,A.settled B.settling,C.to settle D.being settled,C,3.The pupils here_ all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks.,A.kept busy doing,B.keep on doing,C.have kept busy doing,D.have been kept busy doing,D,4.Visitors_ not to touch the exhibits.,A.will request,B.request,C.are requesting,D.are requested,D,5.In some parts of the world,tea _ with milk and sugar.,A.is serving,B.is served,C.serves,D.served,B,Homework,Go over words and expressions.,Go over the grammar.,Do Ex3 on Page 56.,
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