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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,中山市七年级数学下学期近,5,年压轴题评析,中山市七年级数学下学期近5年压轴题评析,1,考点说明,2014-2015,:平行线性质拓展,2015-2016,:平行线性质拓展(结合平移),2016-2017,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),2017-2018,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),2018-2019,:平行线性质拓展(结合坐标与平移),考点说明2014-2015:平行线性质拓展2015-2016,2,考点说明,2014-2015,原型(课本,P23,题,7,(,2,),A,B,C,D,E,F,1,2,AB/CD=,B+,BED+,D,360,0,考点说明2014-2015原型(课本P23题7(2)ABC,3,考点说明,2015-2017,原型(结合课本,P25,题,14,(,3,),AB/CD=,B=,C,A,B,C,D,A,B,C,1,2,3,3+,B+,C=180,0,E,F,考点说明2015-2017原型(结合课本P25题14(3),4,考点说明,2017-2019,原型,(,结合三角形内角和,180,0,),A,B,C,D,E,F,AB/CD=,B,+,D,BED,1,2,1,P+,C,A,B,E,D,P,1,2,C,F,考点说明2017-2019原型(结合三角形内角和1800)A,5,考点说明,2017-2019,原型,(,结合三角形内角和,180,0,),A,B,C,D,E,F,1,2,AB/CD=,B,+,D,BED,1,P+,B,A,B,E,D,P,1,2,C,F,考点说明2017-2019原型(结合三角形内角和1800)A,6,考点说明,2017-2019,原型,(,结合三角形内角和,180,0,),A,B,C,D,E,F,1,2,AB/CD=,B,+,D,BED,1,3,1,F,A,B,E,D,P,C,2,3,BF/CD,P,FBP+,D,P,2+,3+,D,考点说明2017-2019原型(结合三角形内角和1800)A,7,2014-2015,:平行线性质拓展,点评,M,(,1,)过,B,作,BM/AF,AF/CD=,C+,CBA+,A,360,0,A,130,0,2014-2015:平行线性质拓展点评M(1)过B作BM/,8,2014-2015,:平行线性质拓展,点评,N,(,2,)过,E,作,EN/AF,AF/CD=,D+,DEF+,F,360,0,DEF,108,0,2014-2015:平行线性质拓展点评N(2)过E作EN/,9,2014-2015,:平行线性质拓展,点评,(,3,)过,C,作,CP/AB,B+,6,180,0,P,5,6,CP/DE,6,90,0,5,50,0,AB/DE,2014-2015:平行线性质拓展点评(3)过C作CP/A,10,2014-2015,:平行线性质拓展,点评,解:(,1,)过,B,作,BM/AF,C+,CBA+,A,360,0,A,130,0,M,1,2,2+,A,180,0,(两直线平行,同旁内角互补),AF/CD,(已知),1+,C,180,0,(两直线平行,同旁内角互补),ABBC,(已知),CBA,90,0,(垂直定义),又,C,140,0,(已知),BM/CD,(平行于同一直线的两直线平行),2014-2015:平行线性质拓展点评解:(1)过B作BM/,11,2014-2015,:平行线性质拓展,点评,解:(,2,)过,E,作,EN/AF,D+,DEF+,F,360,0,DEF,108,0,4+,F,180,0,(两直线平行,同旁内角互补),AF/CD,(已知),3+,D,180,0,(两直线平行,同旁内角互补),D,A,130,0,(已知),,F,122,0,(已知),N,3,4,EN/CD,(平行于同一直线的两直线平行),2014-2015:平行线性质拓展点评解:(2)过E作EN/,12,2014-2015,:平行线性质拓展,点评,解:(,3,)除,CD/AF,外,还有,AB/DE,过,C,作,CP/AB,D+,5,180,0,6+,B,180,0,(两直线平行,同旁内角互补),B,90,0,(已证),,BCD,140,0,(已知),6,90,0,,,5,50,0,AB/DE,(平行于同一直线的两直线平行),P,5,6,D,A,130,0,(已知),CP/DE,(同旁内角互补,两直线平行),2014-2015:平行线性质拓展点评解:(3)除CD/A,13,2015-2016,:平行线性质拓展(结合平移),点评,F,E,(,1,),FCE+,CFE+,FEC,180,0,DEF,平移过程中,,FCE,的度数变大,,CFE,的度数变小,两者的度数和不变,2015-2016:平行线性质拓展(结合平移)点评FE(1),14,点评,F,E,(,2,)若,FCBC,AB,BC,FC/AB,FCE,A,30,0,CFE,15,0,2015-2016,:平行线性质拓展(结合平移),点评FE(2)若FCBCABBCFC/ABFCE,15,点评,F,E,(,3,)若,FCBC,AB,BC,FC/AB,FCE,A,x,0,CFE,(45-x),0,0 x,45,2015-2016,:平行线性质拓展(结合平移),点评FE(3)若FCBCABBCFC/ABFCE,16,点评,F,E,解:(,2,)若,FCBC,B,90,0,(已知),FC/AB,(在同一平面内,垂直于同一直线的两直线平行),FCE,A,30,0,(两直线平行,内错角相等),FEC,中,FCE,+,CFE+,FEC,180,0,(三角形内角和,180,0,),FE,D,45,0,(已知),,FED+FEC,180,0,(邻补角定义),AB,BC,(垂直定义),FE,C,135,0,C,FE,15,0,2015-2016,:平行线性质拓展(结合平移),点评FE解:(2)若FCBCB900(已知)FC/,17,点评,F,E,解:(,3,)若,FCBC,B,90,0,(已知),FC/AB,(在同一平面内,垂直于同一直线的两直线平行),FCE,A,x,0,(两直线平行,内错角相等),FEC,中,FCE,+,CFE+,FEC,180,0,(三角形内角和,180,0,),FE,D,45,0,(已知),,FED+FEC,180,0,(邻补角定义),AB,BC,(垂直定义),FE,C,135,0,C,FE,(,45-x),0,0,x45,即,当,0,x45,时,在,DEF,移动过程中,一定会出现,FCBC,的情况,2015-2016,:平行线性质拓展(结合平移),点评FE解:(3)若FCBCB900(已知)FC/,18,2016-2017,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评,A,B,C,D,P,N,M,(,1,),BN/AM,1,2,3,4,A+,ABN,180,0,BC,、,BD,分别平分,ABP,、,PB,N,DBC,2+,3,60,0,2016-2017:平行线性质拓展(结合动点)点评ABCDP,19,点评,A,B,C,D,P,N,M,(,2,),BN/AM,1,2,3,4,6,4,,,5,PBN,BC,、,BD,分别平分,ABP,、,PB,N,5,3+,4,2,4,2,6,6,5,2016-2017,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评ABCDPNM(2)BN/AM123464,5,20,点评,A,B,C,D,P,N,M,(,3,),BN/AM,1,2,3,4,7,NBC,BC,、,BD,分别平分,ABP,、,PB,N,1,2,3,4,30,0,6,5,7,7,ABD,4,1,7,90,0,2016-2017,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评ABCDPNM(3)BN/AM12347NBCB,21,2016-2017,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评,解:(,1,),BN/AM,(已知),1,2,,,3,4,(角平分线定义),A,B,C,D,P,N,M,1,2,3,4,6,5,7,A,ABN,180,0,(两直线平行,同旁内角互补),CB,D,3+,2,60,0,A,60,0,(已知),ABN,120,0,BD,、,BC,分别平分,ABP,、,PBN,(已知),2016-2017:平行线性质拓展(结合动点)点评解:(1),22,2016-2017,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评,解:(,2,),BN/AM,(已知),1,2,,,3,4,(角平分线定义),A,B,C,D,P,N,M,1,2,3,4,6,5,7,5,PBN,(两直线平行,内错角相等),5,3+,4,2,4,2,6,6,4,(同上),BD,、,BC,分别平分,ABP,、,PBN,(已知),2016-2017:平行线性质拓展(结合动点)点评解:(2),23,2016-2017,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评,解:(,3,),BN/AM,(已知),1,2,3,4,(角平分线定义),A,B,C,D,P,N,M,1,2,3,4,6,5,7,7,CBN,(两直线平行,内错角相等),1,30,0,又,7,ABD,(已知),BD,、,BC,分别平分,ABP,、,PBN,(已知),1,4,ABN,120,0,(已证),2016-2017:平行线性质拓展(结合动点)点评解:(3),24,2017-2018,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评,(,1,)利用三角形内角和,A+,B,90,0,A+,1,90,0,B,1,AB,/DE,2017-2018:平行线性质拓展(结合动点)点评(1)利用,25,2017-2018,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评,(,2,),P,在,A,、,D,间:,过,P,作,PF/DE,5+,2,BPE,F,2,3,4,5,2017-2018:平行线性质拓展(结合动点)点评(2)P在,26,2017-2018,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评,(,2,),P,在,D,、,F,间,AB/DE,6,9,6,P,7,8,9,G,7+,8+,PGB,180,0,6,8+,7,2017-2018:平行线性质拓展(结合动点)点评(2)P在,27,2017-2018,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评,(,1,)证明:,BCAC,(已知),AC,B,90,0,(垂直定义),A+,ACB+,B,180,0,(三角形内角和,180,0,),B,1,(等量代换),AB,/DE,(同位角相等,两直线平行),A+,B,90,0,A+,1,90,0,(已知),2017-2018:平行线性质拓展(结合动点)点评(1)证明,28,2017-2018,:平行线性质拓展(结合动点),点评,(,2,)解:若,P,在,A,、,D,间,过,P,作,PF/DE,BPE,ABP+,DEP,F,2,3,4,5,3,2,(两直线平行,内错角相等),AB/DE,(已知),4,5,(两直线平行,内错角相等),6,P,7,8,9,G,若,P,在,D,、,F,间,AB/DE,(已知),6,9,(两直线平行,同位角相等),在,PBG,中,7+,8+,BGP,180,0,(三角形内角和,180,0,),又,9+,BGP,180,0,(邻补角定义),9,7+,8,DEP,ABP+,BPE,(等量代换),2017-2018:平行线性质拓展(结合动点)点评(2)解:,29,2018-2019,:平行线性质拓展(结合坐标与平移),点评,(,1,)由平移性质:,AB,下移,4,个单位,左移,5,个单位,D(3,-5,0,-4,),D(-2,-4),2018-2019:平行线性质拓展(结合坐标与平移)点评(1,30,2018-2019,:平行线性质拓展(结合坐标与平移),点评,(,2,)面积的计算,,通常采用的是割补法,S,ACD,S,长方形,AEFG,S,AEC,S,CFD,S,DGA,E,F,G,5,4,4,3,2,8,2018-2019:平行线性质拓展(结合坐标与平移)点评(2,31,2018-2
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