英语A级阅读理解解题技巧

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,应用能力考试,A,级之阅读理解,主讲人：邓乐江,阅读理解构成部分,Task A,多项选择题,Task B,Task C,填空题,Task D,匹配题,Task E,简答题,英语应用能力,A,级考试主要测试以下阅读技能：,了解语篇和段落的主旨和大意；,掌握语篇中的事实和主要情节；,理解语篇上下文的逻辑关系；,对句子和段落进行推理；,了解作者的目的、态度和观点；,根据上下文正确理解生词及其意思；,理解语篇的结论,进行信息转换,主旨大意型,事实细节型,词 义 猜 测 型,命 题 类,因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以下几种:,推 理 判 断 型,1),What does the writer mainly tell us?,2)Which of the following can,summar,-,ise,the main idea of this text?,3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?,4)Which is the subject discussed in the text?,6)Whats the best title for this passage?,主旨大意题,的常见的提问形式:,主旨大意题答题技巧,1.,认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子。,2.,文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。,抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。,3.,文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后。,例如：,On the whole,in short,therefore,I agree with the opinion that,Given all these points above,I would support the idea that,For all the reasons mentioned above,I would prefer,如何寻找主题句,Sample 1,People have different tastes in food.Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat.Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal.Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti,eggplant,and fresh fruit.Others could live on what were called fast-foods:a hamburger or hot dog,French fries and a soft drink.,（,1,）主题句在段首,主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。,Sample 2,Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do.Others prefer to be left to work on their own.Still others like a democratic discussion type of class.No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.,（,2,）主题句也会出现在段尾。,作者先摆出事实依据,层层推理论证,最后自然得出结论,即段落的主题。本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论。,Sample 3,Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat.Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark.In fact,the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations.Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand.,A,camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.,（,3,）在短文中间,当主题句被安排在段中间时,通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出,而后又作进一步的解释,支撑或发展,.,return,Passage 1,In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market,Ford,General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before.The flood of cheaper for-,eign,cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted.Ford operates as far as Asia,and General Motors is considered Australians biggest employer.Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable,(,不能满足的）,society.,练习题,细节题,解释,Question:Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph,A,.,GM is one of the largest car producers.,B.Ford operates not only in the U.S.A.,but also in Asia.,C.The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.,D.The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers,.,文章,解释,【,解析,】,答案为,C,。,take,sth,.away of sb.,和,cast sb.,sth,.,的意思相似。,本段落以一、二句引出要表达的主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。,寻找主题句,往往是做好此类题的关键。每段的主题句(,常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中归纳分析,),一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。,文章,文章中心是,论点,，事实细节是,论据,或,主要理由,；有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可,直接,或,间接,在文章中找到答案,。,提问的特殊疑问词常有：,what,who,which,where,how,why,等。,事实细节型,解题原则,：,忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断,。,1）Which of the following statements is true?,2）Which of the following,is not mentioned in,the text?,3）The author(or the passage),states,that_.,4）,According to,the passage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)_?,在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：,Example 1,One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant,，“,I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches(,蟑螂,)and two spiders.”,“What do you need these things for?”the shop assistant was very surprised.,“Well,，”,replied the man,，“,Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”,Q,：,The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house,it,was _.,A.very clean B.just cleaned by the landlord,C.tidy and comfortable D.dirty and full of insects,解析：他要搬出所租的房子，而房东要求房屋必须是他租进来时的原样，所以他须买些老鼠和蟑螂等昆虫对房屋进行,“,恢复,”,，因此推出答案为,D,。,Q1)_ calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35,to 90,.,A.55 B.175 C.325 D.275,Q2)Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?,A.A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does.B.A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does.C.An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.D.A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.,解释,文章,Passage2,The human body is a living machine,and like all machines,it needs fuel to supply it with energy.That is the food we eat.But how much do we need to stay healthy?The energy value of food is usu