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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,托福阅读技巧,段落逻辑篇,托福阅读技巧段落逻辑篇,1,通用技巧,上下文猜重点词,段首段尾知主旨,注意,例证,和转折,核心定位找原句,排除陷阱干扰项,逻辑关系,通用技巧上下文猜重点词逻辑关系,2,How do you read a paragraph?,Do you read every detail or only read the sentences with the key words in the questions?,Time-consuming,！,Confusing,！,How do you read a paragraph?Do,3,How do you read a paragraph?,Do you read the paragraph again and again when it is hard to understand or when it is hard to find the answer to the question?,How do you read a paragraph?Do,4,Example 1,Read the following paragraph to answer the question.,Example 1Read the following pa,5,Paragraph 3:If true,though,why did cold-blooded animals such as snakes,lizards,turtles,and crocodiles survive the freezing winters and torrid summers?These animals are at the mercy of the climate to maintain a livable body temperature.Its hard to understand why they would not be affected,whereas dinosaurs were left too crippled to cope,especially if,as some scientists believe,dinosaurs were warm-blooded.Critics also point out that the shallow seaways had retreated from and advanced on the continents numerous times during the Mesozoic,so why did the dinosaurs survive the climatic changes associated with the earlier fluctuations but not with this one?Although initially appealing,the hypothesis of a simple climatic change related to sea levels is insufficient to explain all the data.,Why does the author mention the survival of“snakes,lizards,turtles,and crocodiles”in paragraph 3?,To argue that dinosaurs may have become extinct because they were not cold-blooded animals,To question the adequacy of the hypothesis that climatic change related to sea levels caused the extinction of the dinosaurs,To present examples of animals that could maintain a livable body temperature more easily than dinosaurs,To support a hypothesis that these animals were not as sensitive to climate changes in the Cretaceous period as they are today,Paragraph 3:If true,though,6,Paragraph 3:,If,true,though,why did,cold-blooded animals,such as,snakes,lizards,turtles,and crocodiles survive the freezing winters and torrid summers?These animals are at the mercy of the climate to maintain a livable body temperature.,Its hard to understand,why,they would not be affected,whereas dinosaurs were left too crippled to cope,especially if,as some scientists believe,dinosaurs were warm-blooded.,Critics also point out,that the shallow seaways had retreated from and advanced on the continents numerous times during the Mesozoic,so why,did the dinosaurs survive the climatic changes associated with the earlier fluctuations but not with this one?,Although,initially appealing,the hypothesis of a simple climatic change related to sea levels is insufficient to explain all the data.,Why does the author mention the survival of“snakes,lizards,turtles,and crocodiles”in paragraph 3?,To argue that dinosaurs may have become extinct because they were not cold-blooded animals,To question the adequacy of the hypothesis that climatic change related to sea levels caused the extinction of the dinosaurs,To present examples of animals that could maintain a livable body temperature more easily than dinosaurs,To support a hypothesis that these animals were not as sensitive to climate changes in the Cretaceous period as they are today,Paragraph 3:If true,though,7,Example 2,Read the following paragraph to answer the question.,Example 2Read the following pa,8,Dissatisfaction with conventional explanations for dinosaur extinctions led to a surprising observation that,in turn,has suggested a new hypothesis.Many plants and animals disappear abruptly from the fossil record as one moves from layers of rock documenting the end of the Cretaceous up into rocks representing the beginning of the Cenozoic(the era after the Mesozoic).Between the last layer of Cretaceous rock and the first layer of Cenozoic rock,there is often a thin layer of clay.Scientists felt that they could get an idea of how long the extinctions took by determining how long it took to deposit this one centimeter of clay and they thought they could determine the time it took to deposit the clay by determining the amount of the element iridium(lr)it contained.,In paragraph 4,all the following questions are answered EXCEPT:,Why is there a layer of clay between the rocks of the Cretaceous and Cenozoic?,Why were scientists interested in determining how long it took to deposit the layer of clay at the end of the Cretaceous?,What was the effect of the surprising observation scientists made?,Why did scientists want more information about the dinosaur extinctions at the end of the Cretaceous?,Dissatisfaction with conventio,9,Dissatisfaction,with conventional explanations for dinosaur extinctions,led to,a surprising observation that,in turn,has suggested a new hypothesis.Many plants and animals disappear abruptly from the fossil record as one moves from layers of rock documenting the end of the Cretaceous up into rocks representing the be
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