被动语态讲解

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,被动语态,The Passive Voice,被动语态基本用法,当句子的,主语,是动作的,执行者,时，谓语的形式是,主动语态,。当句子的主语是动作的,承受者,时，谓语要用,被动语态,。被动语态由助动词,be+,过去分词,构成，时态通过,be,表现出来。,His brother washes bowls every,day,.,主,谓,宾,(,受动者,),Bowls,are,washed,by,his,brother,every,day,.,改为被动语态,They play football on Sunday.,Lucy does the homework in the evening.,They often use computers in class.,We make these machines in,Beilun,.,People speak English as the first language in UK.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in,Beilun,.,English is spoken as the first language in UK.,你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？,1.,They,make,shoes,in that factory.,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,Shoes,are made,(by them)in that factory.,一般现在时：,S(,主语）,+am/is/are +,过去分词,变为被动语态,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,谓,宾,(,受动者,),The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday,.,They built the tall building last year.,He took good care of his little brother yesterday.,We cleaned our classroom just now.,They used this room for resting.,They planted many trees years ago.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,Many trees were planted by them years ago.,2.,They,bought,ten computers,last term,Ten computers,were bought,(,by them,)last term.,一般过去时：,S+was/were+,过去分词,Tom will clean the room tomorrow,.,主,谓,宾,(,受动者,),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,We will have a sports meeting next week.,Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.,The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring.,Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring.,The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.,3.,They,will,finish,the work,in ten days.,The work,will be finished,(,by them,),in ten days.,一般将来时：,S+will+be+,过去分词,4,Amy,can take good care of,Gina,Gina,can be taken good care of,by Amy.,情态动词：,S+can/may/must/should+be+,过去分词,1.He can take care of the baby.,2.Lucy may draw the pictures.,3.You must turn off the lights.,4.They should learn English well.,5.Jim could do it yesterday,.,The baby,can be taken,care of by him.,The picture,may be drawn,by Lucy.,The lights,must be turned off,by you.,English,should be learned,well by them.,It,could be done,by Jim yesterday.,练习：,1.Many people speak English.,2.They made computers in the U.S.A.,3.People used knives for cutting things.,4.People used metal for making machines.,5.They produce silk in,Suzhou,and,Hangzhou,.,6.They speak English in Canada.,7.They write business letters in English.,8.They grow rice in South China.,9.They plant many trees in North China.,10.Lu,Xun,wrote this book.,11.The workers built some bridges.,12.We can use the box as a table.,13.We should clean the classroom every day,被动语态中的特殊情况,1.,不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。,e.g.The students listen,to,the teacher carefully in class.,被动句：,The teacher,is listened to,carefully by the students in class.,e.g.They look,after,the new students in the school.,被动句：,The new students,are looked after,by them in the school.,2.,当动词带有复合宾语,(,有宾,补,),并且宾补是省去“,to”,的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“,to”,e.g.They,make us do,all the work.,被动句：,We,are made,to,do,all the work by them.,e.g.We often,hear her sing,songs.,被动句：,She,is often heard,to,sing,songs by us.,e.g.I,saw him walk,to school.,被动句：,He,was seen,to,walk,to school by me.,这些动词真奇怪，主动句中,to,离开，被动句中,to,回 来。（,let,，,have,，,make,，,feel,，,see,watch,hear,notice),3.,当动词带双宾语时,(,一个宾语是指人，一个是指物,),，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“,to”,或“,for”,。,常见加,to,的动词有,give,，,send,teach,，,write,show,pass,ask,tell,常见加,for,的动词有,make,draw,buy,e.g.He gives me a flower everyday.,被动,1 I am given a flower by him everyday.,被动,2 A flower is given,to,me by him everyday.,e.g.My mother bought me a computer.,被动,1 I was bought a computer by my mother.,被动,2 A computer was bought,for,me by my mother.,练习：,将下列句子变为被动句。,1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully.,Li Leis father is listened to carefully by Li Lei.,2.The mother looked after the baby in the room.,The baby was looked after by the mother in the room.,3.We took care of the things.,The things were taken care of by us.,4.They gave us some work.,We were given some work by them.,Some work was given to us by them.,5.The boy made them laugh all the time.,They were made to laugh all the time by the boy.,6.My mother buys me a bike.,A bike is bought for me by my mother.,I am bought a bike by my mother.,1.People use knives for cutting things.,Knives _ _ for cutting things.,2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.,The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a mont