M2U1语法时态解读课件

,1.Present Perfect Tense,2.Present Perfect Continuous Tense,M2U1,Grammar&usage,、现在完成时,1.,现在完成时的构成,2.,现在完成时的用法,、现在完成进行时,1.,现在完成进行时的构成,2.,现在完成进行时的用法,、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较,现在完成时和现在完成进行时的基本用法,1.,现在完成时的构成：,主动式,:,have/has done,被动式,:,have/has been done,1.,现在完成时,We _(already open)the window.,过去的动作,:,we opened the window.,对现在的影响,:,The window is open.,have already opened,2.,现在完成时的用法,The boys are tired.They _,(just play)a ball game.,过去的动作,:The boys played a ball game.,对现在的影响,:,The boys are tired.,have just played,He has just been to the zoo,When I was waiting in line at the bank,I,noticed a woman holding a small child at,one of the windows.The boy was eating a,roll(,面包卷,),，,which he thrust at the teller.,(,喂给柜员,).The teller smiled and shook his,hand.,“No,no,dear,”,said the boys mother,and,Then,turning to the teller,“I beg your pardon,young man.Please fogive my son.,He has just been to the zoo,.”,现在完成时表示过去发生或,已完成,的动作，或某一动作对现在造成的,影响,或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词,just,already,yet,等状语连用。,小结：,现在完成时用法,1-,已完成、影响性用法,already:,用于,肯定句,;,yet:,用于,否定和疑问句,Daniel _(live)in Beijing,since he came to China.,has lived,past,future,now,came,live,has lived,现在完成时表示,过去已经开始,，,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态,。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。如：,for,和,since,，,so far,up to now,until/till this,week(month,year),during/over/in the past few years(weeks,months),现在完成时用法,2-,未完成用法,小结：,Fill in the blanks:,.,a.She has learnt English,3 years.,b.She has learnt English,3 years ago.,c.They have lived here _1990.,for,since,since,I,(see)her so far.,What _(happen)to,the USA in the past 35 years?,havent seen,has happened,Since,的补充用法,A.,主句,+since+,从句,Great changes,have taken,place since you,left,.,B.It is/has been+,时间段,+since+,从句,It,is,/,has been,two years since I,left,my,hometown.,b.It is years since I,smoked.,c.It is years since I,began to smoke.,I went to Egypt in 1986.,I went to Egypt in 2004.,I _(be)to Egypt twice.,have been,现在完成时可表示过去发生过一次或多次的情况，也可以说是一种经历。多与,never,ever,once,twice,three times,before,等连用,现在完成时用法,3-,经验性用法,I,（,never see,）,anything so beautiful in my life.,have never seen,小结：,()1.He has come here.,()2.He has come here for 3 days.,()3.He hasnt come here for 3 days.,()4.He has stayed here for 3 days.,()5.He has been away for 3 days.,现在完成时知识扩展一,Translate these sentences into English.,汤姆回来了。,汤姆回来一个多星期了。,Tom has come back.,Tom has been back for over a,week.,与现在完成时有关的句型,:,1)This(That/It)is the first(second)time+that-clause,This is the first time that I _(see)pandas,2)This(That/It)is the only time +that-clause,It is the only time that I_(travel)abroad.,3)This(That/It)is the best/finest/most interesting +that-clause.,It is the most delicious food that I_(taste),have seen,have traveled,have tasted,现在完成时知识扩展二,Look at the following sentences and point out what tense or tenses are used in them and the reasons why they are used.,看下列句子，说说他们的区别,1 We,have studied,English for about five years.We,began,to study it five years ago.,2 They,moved,to the south in 1990 and,have lived,there since then.,一般过去时,与,现在完成时,的区别,I,saw,this film yesterday.,（,强调看的动作发生,在过去某个时间,）,I,have seen,this film.,（,强调,对现在的影响,，即电影的内容已经知道了,）,1,.you my pen?,Yes,I it on your desk just now.,(see),2,.you dinner?,Yes,I it with Mary.,(have),Have seen,saw,Have had,had,When I was at college I _ three foreign languages,but I _ all except a few words of each.,A.spoke;had forgotten,B.spoke;have forgotten,C.had spoken;had forgotten,D.had spoken;have forgotten,“,但都忘了”是现在的情况，要用现在完成时，强调结果。,一般过去时,与,现在完成时,的区别,一般过去时,表示,过去某时,发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，,强调动作,；,现在完成时,为过去发生的，,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,，强调的是影响。,.,Translation.,1.,你今天下午什么时候离开学校的？,2.,你离开学校多久了？,When did you leave school this afternoon?,How long have you been away from school?,3.,他在,1998,年买了这辆自行车。,4.,他自从来到我们学校就买了这辆自行车。,He bought the bike in 1998.,He has had the bike since he came to our school.,5.,电影是半小时之前开始的。,6.,电影已放映半小时了。,The film began half an hour ago.,The film has been on for half,an hour.,(2)saw (3)has visited,(4)loves (5)hasnt visited,(6)has seen (7)has never met (8)has travelled,(9)has found,(10)hasnt found,(11)Has,been,page8,Present Perfect Continuous Tense,Unit 1,Grammar&usage,The boy started having dinner five minutes ago.He is still having dinner now.,The boy _ (have)dinner since five minutes ago.,has been having,1.,现在完成进行时,The man started working in the field half an hour ago.He is still working now.,The man _(work)in the field for half an hour.,has been working,现在完成进行时的构成：,have/has been doing,现在完成进行时用法,1,现在完成进行时表示过去的动作,持续到现在,并有可能持续下去,.,CCTV,has been broadcasting,English programs since 1984.,broadcasted,1984,future,now,broadcast,broadcast,小结：,现在完成进行时用法,2:,现在完成进行时表示过去的动作持续到说话时刚结束。,Mavis started waiting.,Kelly arrives.,Kelly:Sorry Im late.,Have,you,been waiting,long?,Mavis:Yes.I,ve been waiting,for an hour.,an hour ago,future,now,wait,小结：,-Hi,Tracy,you look tired.,-I am tired.I _ the living room all day.,painted,had painted,C.have been painting,D.have painted,-Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?,-No,but we _(try)to get in touch with them ever since.,have been trying,3